In general, physical directors and superintendents maintain that an unorganized recess period has little value for any child, and that inadequate time and space, along with the lack of training of the grade teacher, presented the main obstacles in the matter of carrying on an organized recess. On the whole, the material presented in this study brings out the fact that the organized recess is receiving favorable consideration from school authorities in various sections of the country. It is planned so as to develop spontaneity, creative ability, and leadership among children; it aims to contribute definite educational, hygienic, recreational, and social values to school life. In order that the best results may be achieved, it is necessary that each school superintendent, school principal, physical director, or grade teacher, with the assistance of the children, work out the plan which is best suited to each grade or group, in each school, taking into consideration the facilities available. SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY Bagley, William C. Classroom management. New York, The Macmillan Co., 1917. (See Ch. 4, The daily program, p. 50.) Cawthorn, W. S. Standards for Florida elementary schools. Tallahassee, Fla., State superintendent of public instruction, July 1, 1928. (See p. 15.) Dinsmore, John Wirt. Teaching a district school. New York, 1910. (See p. 72-76, Recesses and intermissions.) Harris, W. T. The question of recess. Syracuse, N. Y., C. W. Bardeen, 1910. Hayworth, Dovie. Why have supervised recess? In North Carolina Teacher, vol. 4, no. 9, May 1928. Heck, William H. A study of school recesses. Extension Service, 1917. University of Virginia, Record Kline, J. C. Organized play during the recess period. Springfield, Mass., American Physical Education Review, 18: 88-96, February 1913. Kozman, Hilda Clute. A noon-day program for junior high school girls. The Pentathlon, 2: 8-9, October 1929. Krohn, Robert. Public Schools, 1928. Rossman, John G. Manual of physical education. Portland, Oreg., City (See p. 49, Organized recess.) Leisure time and Saturday schools. American Educational Digest (published by the Educational Digest Co., Lincoln, Nebr.), 48: 11, September 1928. Outline of course of study. Harrisburg Public Schools, Harrisburg, Pa., 1921. (See p. 29, Play at recess.) The recess problem. The Sight-Saving Exchange, no. 24, March 1929. (Published by the National Society for the Prevention of Blindness, Inc., 370 Seventh Avenue, New York, N. Y.) p. 22. U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1930 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. 15 Price 5 cents UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR RAY LYMAN WILBUR, SECRETARY OFFICE OF EDUCATION WILLIAM JOHN COOPER, COMMISSIONER HOME ECONOMICS INSTRUCTION IN HIGHER INSTITUTIONS, Prepared by EMELINE S. WHITCOMB, Specialist in Home Economics This pamphlet has been prepared in response to a great many requests for information in regard to the status of home economics instruction in universities, colleges, teachers colleges, normal schools, and junior colleges. The tables given herein serve to show what institutions are offering a 4-year curriculum in home economics leading to a baccalaureate degree, and which universities, colleges, normal schools, teachers colleges, and junior colleges offer courses in home economics but do not grant degrees in that subject. The information in this pamphlet was secured from a questionnaire sent to all the universities and colleges, junior colleges, teachers colleges, State normal schools, city public normal schools, and private general training schools listed in the Educational Directory of the Office of Education, for 1929. In addition to a second request, the questionnaire findings were supplemented in many instances by the home economics information from the catalogues of the respective institutions and from correspondence. Every effort has been made to present the facts as given in the questionnaire returns and catalogues of the institutions; nevertheless, inconsistencies may appear as between curricula and courses. Most of the material included in the circular is for the latter part of the first semester of the school year 1928-29, but since all of the institutions did not respond to the first request, in some cases material for the second, or spring semester, of 1929 has been included. Three hundred and twenty-two institutions reported as offering a 4-year curriculum in home economics leading to a baccalaureate 103179-30-1 degree. These institutions reported as having 1,429.15 full-time teachers, 47 part-time teachers, 3 assistants, 15 student assistants, and 1 associate making a total of 1,495.15. Of the total number of institutions answering the questionnaire, 311 reported an enrollment of 37,619 students. Eighty-eight higher institutions of education reported as having courses in home economics but not granting a degree in that subject. Of this number 78 reported as having 169.53 full-time teachers and 7 part-time teachers making a total of 176.53 teachers. Of the total number of institutions reporting, 78 reported an enrollment of 3,502 students. Ninety normal schools and teachers colleges reported as offering courses in home economics but not granting a degree in that subject. This number reported as having 123.56 full-time teachers and 14 parttime teachers making a total of 137.56 teachers. Of the number of institutions reporting, 83 gave an enrollment of 6,556. Eighty-four junior colleges reported as offering courses in home economics but not granting a degree in that subject. This number of institutions reported as having 115.96 full-time teachers and 4 part-time teachers making a total of 119.96 teachers. Of the total number of institutions reporting, 75 reported an enrollment of 2,963 students. The total number of institutions reporting as offering home economics instruction is 584. Of this number, 547 showed an enrollment of 50,640. Of this enrollment, 37,619 students were listed in home economic courses leading to a baccalaureate degree. TABLE 1.-Institutions having a 4-year curriculum in home economics leading to a baccalaureate degree |