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Congdon, Allan Ray. Training in high-school mathematics essential for success in certain college subjects. Doctor's thesis, 1930. Teachers college, Columbia university, New York, N. Y. New York city, Teachers college, Columbia university, 1930. 102 p. (Contributions to education, no. 403.)

Training in high-school mathematics is interpreted to include the various outcomes from the study of algebra, geometry, and trigonometry, such as facts, concepts, skills, general processes, and methods of procedure. This investigation makes use of Oscar M. Stewart's Physics, a textbook for colleges, as the chief source of data. The mathematical vocabulary used has been determined by a careful word count for the entire text; the symbolism employed in the text has been examined, tabulated, and compared with that of other texts in physics and chemistry; the facts, concepts, skills, general processes and methods of procedure which are used have been analyzed and tabulated. Findings: College students dealing with quantitative data make use of an extensive symbolic language quite different from that used in high-school mathematics. The author lists a number of subjects to which increased emphasis should be given if a student trained in high-school mathematics is to be successful in the college subjects dealing with quantitative data.

Conley, Lillian M. A study of the coordination of the subject matter of the curriculum of the elementary schools of New York City. Master's thesis, 1931 New York university, New York, N. Y. 35 p. ms.

The study proposes to discover new trends in education as indicated by revised curriculum; to find the relation between the revised curriculum and modern accepted theory and practices; to discover what modifications might be necessary to harmonize the two. Findings: Courses of study need coordination within themselves and with the curriculum as a whole; materials of instruction prescribed in courses need evaluation; a general committee for revision of the curriculum should be maintained. De Sales, Brother Francis. The Catholic high-school curriculum, its development and present status. Doctor's thesis, 1930. Catholic university of America, Washington, D. C. Washington, D. C., Catholic university of America, 1930. 62 p.

Bibliography, p. 57-62.

This discussion represents a summary of the results obtained in a recent investigation, the purpose of which was to analyze, compare and interpret, the practice in the organization of the Catholic secondary-school curricula. An attempt was made to determine the practices which seem to prevail with respect to the differentiation of curricula, the basic courses common to all curricula and the specific courses most frequently designated.

Eisenhard, Charles W. The practical arts courses in the junior high schools and in the commercial night schools of Allentown, Pennsylvania, in relation to the industrial needs of the city. Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 86 p. ms.

A study was made of the junior high schools, the commercial night school of Allentown, and of the needs of industry in the city.

Fairchild, Calphurnia L. Ethics and art-a study of three artists and their philosophies. Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 97 p. ms.

The purpose of this study is to show that artists have philosophies, and to show how great works of art have not only an esthetic but a spirtual value. The works of Jean François Millet, George Frederick Watts, and Violet Oakley were chosen because of the ethical value of their art.

Johnson, Mildred B. A comparative analysis of the "Gregg shorthand manual" and the "Gregg speed studies," anniversary editions. Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 139 p. ms.

The purpose of the study was to determine the extent to which the connected matter of the "Gregg manual" and "Gregg speed studies" embody the theory principles. word lists, brief forms and phrases, as presented in the manual. Findings: The con

nected matter does not sufficiently embody the theory principle, words, brief forms or phrases for the reason that the student must carry his learning of shorthand to the place where it will function in connected matter.

Kent, Ronald Wilson. Curriculum revision in the Essex county vocational schools. A practical revision of the curricula of the Essex county boys' vocational schools and the reorganization of instructor and student assignments and schedules to meet the requirements of the revised curricula. A program carried out in its entirety by the regular personnel of the Essex county vocational schools in connection with their regular duties. Doctor's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 189 p. ms.

The study deals with the practical revision by the regular personnel of the schools of the curricula of the three all-day vocational schools for boys operated by the Essex county vocational school board.

Lackas, John C. To what extent is the subject matter of business law textbooks in agreement with the subject matter of litigated cases? Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 60 p. ms.

An analysis and tabulation of the contents of five business law textbooks and a comparison of the data so assembled with an analysis and tabulation of the litigation reported in the Atlantic reporter. Findings: That the contents of business law textbooks are uniform and largely confined to an exposition of the law of contracts whereas the analysis of the litigation revealed a variety of topics not discussed in the textbooks and in many instances the topics which were not treated in the textbooks or were given negligible consideration were those most frequently involved in litigation.

Lockhart, Raymond John. secondary school curriculum. New York, N. Y. 104 p. ms.

Units of safety education by correlation in a
Master's thesis, 1931. New York university,

Safety education is correlated with the various subjects in a secondary school curriculum.

McGowan, Mrs. Ellen Beers. A comparative study of detergents with special reference to the teaching of the subject. Doctor's thesis, 1930. Teachers college, Columbia university, New York, N. Y. New York city, Teachers college, Columbia university, 1930. 125 p. (Contributions to education, no. 441)

Problem has been worked out from: (1) The technical aspect, including scientific background, properties, and behavior of detergents, analyses, comparison of physical characteristics of fabrics or surfaces to which detergents are applied, and effect of detergents on fabrics with reference to soil removal and tensile strength; and (2) educational aspects, including the descriptive and analytical material from which the teacher may choose that which is best suited to her needs.

Merrill, Frances Elizabeth. The formulation of criteria for the evaluation of typewriting textbooks and a comparison of current typewriting texts according to the criteria. Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 118 p. ms.

A study was made of the collection of typewriting texts in the office of the Department of business education, New York university. All the texts published since the beginning of the year 1926 were examined to see that they fulfilled the following qualifications: texts designed for use in the senior high school; those that have as their objective the training of typists in the fundamentals of accurate typing; those that try to familiarize the student with common business forms and practices; and those that allow a maximum of two years as the training period.

Murray, Lillian B. A proposed four year professional course leading to a baccalaureate degree with specialization in science and physical education. Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 76 p. ms.

A study was made of the small or rural high schools in the United States with enrollments of 100 or less, in order to determine the content of a four-year professional course in science and physical education that will offer training for teaching these subjects in high school.

Nesbitt, Mary. Arousing children's interest in Russian music. Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 42 p. ms.

Material is grouped to aid the music supervisor to so work with the teacher that she can help the pupils get a finer appreciation of music and a knowledge of how closely music links up the various parts of the world.

Noé, J. Thurston. Vocational music in the public schools. Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 146 p. ms.

The problem of this study of vocational music in the public schools is one of surveying the accumulated literature in the field of music education in an attempt to discover the salient facts concerning its development, social and philosophic basis, and its place and practice in the public schools as revealed through educational literature. Data were secured by the use of two schedules of information on which returns were received from 190 cities in 34 states.

Olenbush, Mercy. Standards for elementary shorthand for a small city high school. Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 239 p. ms.

A study was made of a battery of tests and results for each of four quarters of the school year given to pupils of one high school.

Pease, George Kent. A study of the grammar usages and errors and their treatment from seventh through twelfth grades in Woodridge (N. J.) high school. Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 95 p. ms. A survey of written composition in the seventh through the twelfth grades, in a small high school of a typical New Jersey community. Conclusions: Study of grammar needs revision toward simplification and deletion of much teaching of nonessentials.

Powell, Jesse Jerome. Real and genuine problems in algebra. Doctor's thesis, 1929. Teachers college, Columbia university, New York, N. Y. 100 p. ms. The purpose of the study was to select a list of 500 of the best algebra problems available at the present time, the selection being based on the factors of genuineness, importance and interest. The following sources of data were employed: a list of 1,300 problems selected from a group of 3,000 contributed by 500 experienced algebra teachers; results of the rating by another group of 500 experienced algebra teachers, to secure their judgments with regard to the genuineness, importance, and interest of the problem; etc. Suggestions are made for the teaching of algebra problems based upon the findings.

Range, Edward E. The treatment of the subject of war as found in current Connecticut junior high school history texts. Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 42 p. ms.

An analysis of the emphasis on war and peace in junior high school history texts was made. There has been a decrease in the amount of space (words and illustrations) devoted to military history, and an increase in economic, social, and political history. Rivlin, Harry N. Functional grammar. Doctor's thesis, 1930. Teachers college, Columbia university, New York, N. Y. New York city, Teachers college, Columbia university, 1930. 93 p. (Contributions to education, no. 435.) A study was made of the attitudes towards functional grammar held by classroom teachers, associations of English teachers, experts on the teaching of English, and writers of grammar textbooks, in order to trace the change in the emphasis placed on functional grammar. It was found that present textbooks stress functional grammar much more than they did 30 years ago.

Roe, Warren Adams. The effect of pupil transfers upon the curriculum offered by city high schools in metropolitan areas. Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 50 p. ms.

Findings: Curricular changes from special type high schools to comprehensive high schools are probably due to adjustment needs of transferring pupils.

Rubado, Clarence A. Problems of the city school superintendent in the field of arithmetic. Doctor's thesis, 1929. Teachers college, Columbia university,

New York, N. Y. New York city, Teachers college, Columbia university, 1930. 107 p. (Contributions to education, no. 406.)

The purpose of the study was to organize the results of investigations in arithmetic so that they can be related to the work of the superintendent, and to determine what administrative and supervisory problems there are in the field of arithmetic which require specific knowledge on the part of the superintendent of schools and demand solution by him.

Sanford, Blanche R. The place of creative art expression in the elementary school curriculum. Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. New York city, New York university, 1931. 69 p.

The study was developed from the psychological bases of art expression to the present creative expression through art in the public schools.

Shang, Chung I. A method of selecting foreign stories for the American elementary schools, applied to the evaluation of stories translated from the Chinese folk literature by the author. Doctor's thesis, 1929. Teachers college, Columbia university, New York, N. Y. New York city, Teachers college, Columbia university 1929. 46 p. (Contributions to education, no. 398)

In this study, 1,030 stories were gathered from original Chinese sources. Thirty stories were selected from this list for American children in elementary schools.

Shouse, Mary. The status of required music in the California high schools. Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 82 p. ms.

This is a study of the music required for graduation in the high schools of California. One hundred and sixty-five senior high schools of California sent in replies to a questionnaire having to do with enrollments of music departments, questions concerning the number of music courses offered, the number of teachers on the music faculty, assembly music, and with music which is extracurricular. Data indicate that no music is required above the eighth grade except in a very small percentage of schools, and that more than 70 per cent of the students do not elect music and are largely dependent on incidental sources for the music which they happen to hear.

Soisson, Magdalen E. Secretarial curricula in colleges and universities. Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 170 p. ms.

The purpose of this study was to make an investigation of the status of secretarial curricula in colleges, universities, and technological institutions, and to make a critical analysis of the secretarial curriculum at Notre Dame college of John Carroll university, Cleveland, Ohio, in the light of these data.

Stover, C. Franklin. An investigation of the chemistry terminology demanded for an intelligent reading of current literature. Master's thesis, 1931. Pennsylvania State college, State College, Pa. 75 p. ms.

A study was made of 48 issues of the Literary Digest taken in a random sampling of all seasons during a period of eight years. Findings: Surveys of the broad classifications of topics found in an analysis of current literature have underestimated the frequency with which chemistry actually appears in the press and in periodicals. The usefulness of a knowledge of chemical terminology in reading periodical literature has been shown to be considerable.

Wachob, Roland. Survey of the methods and contents of basketball teaching." Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 125 p. ms. The study includes the fundamentals of basketball as well as phases of team development.

White, Bernice. Music dictation. An overview of the subject, including its history, something of its status in music curricula, a comparison of scholastic standards, conclusions and suggestions. Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 34 p. ms.

The standards were found to be variable.

EDUCATION IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES

Douglas, J. Leonard. Education in Czechoslovakia. Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 40 p. ms.

A study of elementary, secondary, and university education; and the Czechoslovakian constitution. Gives a general summary of education as it exists in Czechoslovakia to-day.

Goss, George E. Some contributions of the American Young Men's Christian association to physical education in Europe from 1918 to 1928. Master's thesis, 1931. New York university, New York, N. Y. 138 p. ms.

This study aims to set forth some of the contributions in the field of physical education of the American Y. M. C. A. to the peoples of the countries of Europe without regard for color, class, or creed.

Meier, Lois. Natural science education in the German elementary schools. Doctor's thesis, 1930. Teachers college, Columbia university, New York, N. Y. New York city, Teachers college, Columbia university, 1930 158 p. (Contributions to education, no. 445)

The study was undertaken as an investigation of natural science education in German elementary schools and teacher-training institutions with possible implications for natural science education in similar American institutions. Observations and research for the study were carried on in Germany over a period of 13 months in 1927 and 1928. From a study of educational practices in Germany, certain implications with regard to natural science education in the United States are evident. The situation in the United States is less open to analysis than in Germany where natural science and its introductory study Heimatkunde are prescribed subjects of the curriculum which is determined by the Ministry of education of each state.

Rose, Hildegard. Education in modern Germany. New York university, New York, N. Y. 113 p. ms.

Master's thesis, 1931.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the present status of changes and trends in the system of education introduced in Germany after the revolution of 1918. Findings: There are two groups of forces at work in shaping modern German education; one makes for greater unity, while the other makes for better distinctions. Equality of education is extended only to the equally endowed, and not to everybody.

Silva, Irma Salas. The socio-economic composition of the secondary school population of Chile. Doctor's thesis, 1930. Teachers college, Columbia university, New York, N. Y. Santiago, Chile, Lagunas and Quevedo, 1930. 145 p. This study purposes to discover the extent to which the public secondary school in Chile is democratic, and to investigate the expectations of the high-school students in regard to their vocational future. Findings: Secondary education in Chile is an education for the favored classes. Curriculum and instruction are the main causes of elimination from high school in Chile.

Smith, Harold Fred. Elementary education in Shantung, China; a study of the reorganization of the curriculum to relate it to rural life, and in connection with this, a course of education for teachers. Doctor's thesis, 1930. Teachers college, Columbia university, New York, N. Y. New York city, Harold Fred Smith, 1930. 32 p.

Social, economic, industrial, and educational conditions in rural China, with special reference to Shantung, were studied in an attempt: (1) to formulate objectives for rural education which will make the most of the peculiar advantages of rural schools while surmounting as far as possible their limitations; (2) to experiment with a socialized curriculum; and (3) to draw up curricula for the preparation of teachers on the secondary level. A study was also made of rural-extension work, and normal-school curricula in America with the idea of adapting the methods to work in China. Findings: The traditions of uselessness of education to the ordinary person, memoriter and lecture methods of study and teaching, divorce of manual and mental labor, and long hours of school, interfere with progress. Since 1920 modern education has been greatly hampered and often stopped by general political and military upheavals. Objectives for education

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