Number of schools and colleges operated under sec. 55c, national defense act Number receiving military training.. 57 13, 666 Regular Army personnel detailed on R. O. T. C. duty as of June 30, 1931 Active officers at 9 corps area headquarters... Retired officers at educational institutions.. Active noncommissioned officers at institutions.. Retired noncommissioned officers at institutions__ Enrollment by class of institutions, close of school year 1930–31 9 679 112 18 492 24 419 L Pamphlet No. 29 -A48 4 9 February, 1932 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. OFFICIAL CERTIFICATES, DIPLOMAS, AND DEGREES GRANTED IN FRANCE Education in France (L'enseignement en France) may be divided in general into (1) Primary (l'enseignement primaire), (2) secondary (l'enseignement secondaire), (3) higher (l'enseignement supérieur), (4) technical (l'enseignement technique), and (5) physical (l'education physique). The purpose of this pamphlet is to describe briefly the first three of these divisions with respect especially to the official certificates, diplomas, and degrees that are granted, the level of instruction which each of these credentials indicates, and the privileges which its holder may enjoy. It deals only with the official credentials, i. e., those granted in accordance with national regulations, recognized by the National Government and conferring certain rights throughout all of France. Not included are the unofficial degrees issued by the universities as evidences of scholarship but without carrying any rights in the practice of a profession, and the certificates given by private schools. Primary education and secondary education in France are two parallel systems. Primary education, with certain qualifications, does not lead to later study in a university; secondary education definitely aims to prepare for further training in institutions of university rank. In the graph on pages 2 and 3, these two systems and higher education are shown under their proper headings: A. Primaire; B. Secondaire; and C. Supérieur. The ages (ans de âge) of the students when they attain certain credentials are only approximate, particularly in the more advanced levels. The present tendency in France is to unite primary and secondary education in a single unity system but that union is coming about slowly. Two places are shown on the graph where the classes of the one correspond to the classes of the other. (Les classes correspondent respectivement.) In the descriptions which follow the name of each credential is given in French followed by a translation into English; only the French name is on the graph. The numbering, in Roman numerals, in the descriptions corresponds to that on the graph. A. PRIMARY EDUCATION AND TRAINING TEACHERS FOR THE PRIMARY SCHOOLS I. CERTIFICAT D'ÉTUDES PRIMAIRES ÉLÉMENTAIRES (certificate of elementary primary studies).-This certificate is granted to pupils of public or private schools who have passed a written examination in French dictation and grammar, problems in arithmetic and the metric system, composition or questions pertaining either to geography or |