this treatment does not remove the leading, the barrel should be returned to our factory where we can remove it, unless the interior of the barrel is too badly pitted or rusted, in which case a new barrel will be required. High Power Rifle Barrels: "Procedure for high power rifle barrels using metal jacketed bullets is the same as for .22 caliber rifle barrels except that a second cleaning one day later is necessary. "Sometimes parts of the metal jacket of the bullet will adhere to the lands or grooves of the high power rifle barrel. This condition is known as metal fouling and if present only in small quantities can easily be removed by a vigorous rubbing with a cloth patch moistened with a concentrated solution of Ammonium Hydrate. "If metal fouling is present the patch will come out a deep blue color. Patches Patches with ammonia on them should be run through until one comes out practically colorless. The ammonium hydrate treatment will remove light deposits of metal, but when the fouling is very heavy as is sometimes the case when the barrel has been shot a number of times in rapid succession, we have found the following preparation the best to remove it: Ammonium Carbonate 200 grains 6 ounces .1 ounce .4 ounces "The method of applying is to cork up the breech of the rifle and fit a short section of tubing over the muzzle. The solution is then poured in until it fills the barrel and part of the rubber tube so that the muzzle will be completely covered. The liquid should remain for thirty minutes or an hour, then pour out. This preparation deteriorates with age and is most effective when fresh. "Care must be taken, if either of the above methods are used, to thoroughly clean out the inside of the barrel and any metal part which has been wet with the solutions, as if they dry on the steel, they are liable to cause rust. Be careful also not to let the ammonium hydrate solution or the preparation mentioned above touch the wooden stock or forearm as they will remove the finish. The danger from metal fouling arises from the fact that cleaning oil is excluded from barrel surfaces covered by it and rusting is very apt to follow. Actions and Moving Parts: The mechanism of all firearms should be cleaned and lubricated with oil and a thin film rubbed on the outside metal parts to preserve them from rust." The above information on "how to take care of firearms" was taken from the Remington U M C catalogue and incorporated here on account of the intrinsic value of the suggestions, and because the makers of guns are naturally best fitted to know just how they should be taken care of. ORIGIN OF HUNTING DOGS: Nothing is definitely known as to the origin of the English Setter, but there is also a lack of trustworthy information regarding the origin of all the other old breeds of dogs. Some writers of note claim that the English Setter originated in a Spaniel ancestry. To prove their claims, they quote early writers on the subject, of which the following excerpts will show the foundation on which their claims are based: The author, Stonehenge, writing on the subject of "The Dogs of the British Islands" in the year 1867, says: As some difference of opinion appears to exist with regard to Setters, we have determined thoroughly to satisfy ourselves as to their origin and best form, and we have called all the best authorities to our assistance. We propose to place the result of our labors before the public, and to add our own conclusions. There is no doubt that the sport of hawking was known and practiced by the ancient Britons, and that the Roman was totally ignorant of the science; but the invader at once came to the conclusion that the system might be improved, and introduced the Land Spaniel, if not the Water Dog, also, into this country. These dogs roused the game, and this was all that the hawker required of them in those early days; but in after years, as we shall see, dogs were required to point, or, in the language of the quaint old writer, "sodainely stop and fall down upon their bellies," and having so done, when within two or three yards, "then shall your Setter stick, and by no persuasion go further till yourself come in and use your pleasure." At first, then, without doubt, the Spaniel was merely used as a springer for the hawk, which was subsequently neglected for the net; and the propensity of the dog to pause before making his dash at game was cultivated and cherished, by breeding and selection, until, at last, gratified by observing the action of the net, he yielded his natural impulse of springing at all, and set, or lay down, to permit the net to be drawn over him. After this, the hawker trained his Spaniel to set; then he cast off his hawks, which ascended in circles, and "waited on" until his master roused the quarry from its concealment, when he pounced upon it like a pistol shot. When used either with hawks or for the net (especially in the latter case), a far heavier dog answered the purpose than what we call a "Highranging Setter." The net enveloped a whole covey in its meshes, and few manors would allow of many coveys being taken in a day; whilst the disentangling the birds, and securing them, allowed time for the heavy dog to rest and regain his wind. Richard Surflet, who wrote in 1600, gives us the following information. Writing of the Field or Land Spaniel, "of which sith before no author hath fully intreated," he describes him as "gentle, loving, and courteous to man, more than any other sort of dog whatsoever"; and as "loving to hunt the wing of any bird, especially partridge, pheasant, quails, rails, coots, and such like." He tells us we are "to choose him by his shape, beauty, metal, and cunning hunting; his shape being discerned in the good composition of his body, as when he hath a round, thick head, a short nose, a long, well-compast, and hairie eare, broad and syde lips, a cleere red eie, a thick neck, broad breast, short and well-knit joints, round feete, strong cleys (high dew-cley'd), good round ribs, a gaunt bellie, a short, broad backe, a thicke, bushie and long-haired taile, and all his bodie generally long and well-haired. His beautie is discerned in his colour, of which the motleys or piede are the best; whether they be black-and-white, red-and-white, or liver-hued-and-white; for, to be all of one colour, as all white, or all blacke, or all red, or all liver-hued, without any other spot, is not so comely in the field, although the dogs, notwithstanding, may be of excellent cunning. His mettall is discerned in his free and untired laboursome ranging, beating a field over and over, and not leaving a furrow untrodden, or one unsearched, where any haunt is likely to be hidden; and when he doth it, most coragiously and swiftly, with a wanton playing taile, and a busie labouring nose, neither desisting nor showing less delight in his labour at night than he did in the morning and his cunning hunting is discerned by his casting about heedfully, and running into the wind of the prey he seeketh; by his stillnesse and quietnesse in hunting, without babbling or barking; but when he is upon an assured and certain haunt, by the manner of his ranging, and when he compasseth a whole field about at the first, and after lesneth and lesneth the circumference, till he have trodden every path, and brought the whole circuit to one point; and by his more temperate and leisurely hunting, when he comes to the first scent of the game, sticking upon it, and pricking it out by degrees; not opening or questing by any means, but whimpering and whining to give his master a warning of what he' scenteth, and to prepare himself and his hawke for the pleasure he seeketh; and when he is assured of his game, then to quest out loudly and freely." After describing Spaniels which "delight in plains or the open fields," and others more adapted for covert, he goes on to say: "There is another sort of Land Spannyels which are called Setters, and they differ nothing from the former, but in instruction and obedience, for these must neither hunt, range, nor retaine, more or less, than as the master appointeth, taking the whole limit of whatsoever they do from the eie or hand of their instructor. They must never quest at any time, what occasion soever may happen, |