vide thorough technical instruction in the arts of painting, sculpture, and architecture; and (2) to furnish an acquaintance with all branches of learning relating to the history, theory, and practice of art. The course of technical instruction covers three years. No provision has been made for instruction in the departments of sculpture and architecture; but it is hoped that, before long, this will be provided. There is a professor of painting, a professor of drawing, and an instructor in geometry and perspective. The chairs of sculpture, architecture, and anatomy are unfilled. The school is open to both sexes. The charge for tuition is $36 for three months. In the departments of philosophy and the arts, there are various post-graduate courses, which may be pursued by candidates for the degrees of A. M., Ph. D., and civil and dynamical engineer, or by graduates not candidates for a further degree. In the theological department, there is no charge for tuition or for room rent. There are several scholarships for the aid of needy students. In the law department, the-7; Samuel Andrew (pro tem.), 1707—19; under-graduate course is two years. There is a post-graduate, course of one year for the degree of Master of Law, and of two years, for the degree of Doctor of Civil Law. The libraries of the institution contain 117,000 volumes; namely, college library (exclusive of pamphlets), 80,000; Linonian and Brothers (society) library, 20,000;
ZOOLOGY (Gr. Cov, an animal, and óyos, a discourse) treats of the structure, classification, habits, etc., of animals. It is an important branch of descriptive natural science, or natural history, and usually forms a part of the course of study in various grades of schools. In elementary instruction, it constitutes, with its sister science, botany, one of the most effective and available subjects for training the observing faculties; and, hence, is often comprised in the course of instruction prescribed for common schools. This subject has peculiar attractions for children; since, as is well known, they invariably manifest a deep interest in animal life. The principles by which the teacher should be guided in giving instruction in this, as in other branches of natural science, have been to some extent explained in previous articles. (See ASTRONOMY, and BOTANY.) In teaching zoology, care must be particularly taken to exhibit as much as possible the natural objects themselves; and, in elementary teaching, this comes first. That is to say, the pupils are not to be required to commit to memory dry definitions and formulated statements; but their minds should be brought in contact with the living realities. (For a full synopsis of topics and methods for
libraries of the professional schools, 17,000. The Peabody Museum of Natural History was founded, in 1866, by George Peabody, by a gift of $150,000. One wing of the building has been completed. In 1876-7, there were 87 instructors in all the departments, besides special lecturers. The students were as follows: theological, 95; law, 60; medical, 36; department of philosophy and the arts, 860 (graduate students, 67; special students, 2; academic under-graduates, 569; scientific, 206; fine arts, 16); total, deducting repetitions, 1,021. The number of degrees conferred, prior to 1875, was 10,605, including 870 honorary degrees; the number of academic alumni was 8,464. The government of the college is administered by the president and 18 fellows, of whom the governor and lieutenant-governor of Connecticut are, ex officio, two. Six are elected by the alumni; and the remaining ten, who are Congregational clergymen, are chosen by the fellows themselves. The rectors and presidents have been as follows: Abraham Pierson, 1701 Timothy Cutler, 1719-22; Samuel Andrew (pro tem.), 1722—5; Elisha Williams, 1725— 39; Thomas Clap, 1739-66; Naphtali Daggett, 1766-77; Ezra Stiles, 1777–95; Timothy Dwight, 1795-1817; Jeremiah Day, 1817-46; Theodore Dwight Woolsey, 1846-71; and | Noah Porter, since 1871.
elementary instruction in this subject, see How to Teach, N. Y., 1874.) In the higher grades of instruction, the three different departments of the science - morphology, physiology, and distribution, should systematically be treated. In every grade of instruction, however, the teacher or professor cannot too closely follow the principle laid down by Huxley: "The great business of the scientific teacher is to imprint the fundamental, irrefragable facts of his science, not only by words upon the mind, but by sensible impressions upon the eye, and ear, and touch of the student, in so complete a manner, that every term used, or law enunciated, may afterwards call up vivid images of the particular structural, or other, facts which furnished the demonstration of the law, or the illustration of the term." Moreover, every teacher should bear in mind that a good share of his own knowledge should be at first-hand-acquired by his own observation, not simply gleaned from books—or he will not succeed in awakening an interest in the minds of his pupils. The proper method of teaching this subject has been clearly shown by one of its greatest masters. (See HUXLEY, On the Study of Zoology, in The Culture demanded by Modern Life, N. Y., 1867.) (See SCIENCE, THE TEACHING OF.)
ANALYTICAL INDEX.
[Titles of special articles in full-faced letters; all others, in Italics.]
Alabama-area and population, edu- |
cational history, state superin-
tendents, 14; school system, edu-
cational condition, school statis-
tics, normal instruction,
teachers' institutes; secondary,
superior, professional, scientific,
and special instruction, 16
Alabama, University of-16
Albemarle Female Institute-845
Albert, Prince-266
Albert University-668
Albigenses-83
Albion College-17
Alcibiades-56
Alcott, A. B.-17
Alcott, W. A.-17
Alcuin-17, 122, 300, 315, 357
Alexander the Great-39
Alexandra College-479, 566
Alexandria, Museum of―3
Alexandrian School-17
Anglo-Saxon-origin of, modifica-
tions of by other languages, pe-
culiarities of, its value in com-
mon schools, 29; in the high
school or academy, in normal
schools, in colleges and univer-
sities, 30; text-books for the study
of, 31. See also 673
Anselm, of Canterbury-31
Anselm, of Laon-1
Anthon, Prof.—392, 514
Antioch College-32
Antiochus-2
Aphorisms, Educational -value of
education, 32; scope of education,
teacher and pupil, 33; training
and habit, development of the
faculties,language,self-education,
34; moral education, discipline
and government, 35
Apollonius poet-18
Apparatus, School-35, 764
Appleton, Samuel-549
Apportionment-see School Fund
Apprentices-811
Approbation, Love of 525
Aptitudes, Special--332, 401
Arabian Nights-307
Arabian Schools-36
Arabic Numbers-37
Arabs-792
Arcesilaus-2
Archæology-37
Architecture-see Fine Arts
Architecture, School-see School-
House. See also 765
Aretino, Guido-780
Argentine Republic-area, popula-
tion, religion, etc., 37; history,
political and educational, schools
and universities, 38
Aristophanes of Byzantium-390
Aristotle his early life,38;appointed
teacher of Alexander, the peri-
patetic school, method of teach-
ing, theory of education, ante-
natal influences, habit as an edu-
cator, when instruction begins,
classes of subjects to be taught,
mechanical work, fine arts, vi-
olent exercises opposed to
growth, 39; antagonism of bod-
ily and mental activity, music,
political economy, works of Aris-
totle, 40. See also 32, 33, 34, 36,
68, 330, 471
Arithmetic-faulty method of teach-
ing, 40; what should constitute
the course in, 41; principles and
maxims to be kept in view, 43;
reasons for the rule in short di-
vision, pure and applied arith-
metic, 44; stages of mental de-
velopment to be kept in view in
teaching arithmetic, 45. See also
555, 635
Arizona- organization, area, and
population, educational history,
45; school system, educational
condition, 46
Arkansas-organization, and admis-
sion as a state, educational his-
tory, 46; state teachers' associa-
tion, 47; state superintendents,
school statistics, present law;
Arnold, Thomas-49
Arnold, Thomas K.-50, 513
Arnold Arboretum, The-405
Arrangement of Desks-764
Art-Education-necessity of, con-
dition of among the ancients, po-
litical value of, 50; history of in
the U. S., methods of art-instruc-
tion, 51; art-schools in the U. S.,
table of art institutions in the
U. S.; instruction in drawing,
52; mode of establishing art-
schools, importance of art-edu-
cation, 53
Articulation-701, 849
Artisans, Education of-see Tech-
Association of Ideas-54, 470
Astronomy-claims of in education,
54; practical uses of, proper
method of teaching, elementary
course in, 55; diagrams and ap-
paratus, religious aspects, 56
Athelstan-18
Atheneum-56, 745
Athenians-300, 396
Athens (Ancient)-Athenian educa-
tion distinguished from Spartan,
grammatist and critic, writing,
use of ink and stylus, 56; music,
gymuastics, baths, education of
girls and orphans, 57. See also 300
Atherton, G. W.-10
Athletics-153, 234, 397, 702
Atkinson, Prof.-10
Atlanta University-57
Attendance, School — annual aver-
age, how found, 57; table of, in
the U. S., school age in different
states, percentage of population
enrolled, school attendance in Eu-
ropean countries, 58; in cities, 59
Attention-great value of, interest
the chief agent, not to be ex-
ercised too long, memory de-
pendent upon, 59: attention de-
pendent upon physical condi-
tion, proper time for its exercise,
60. See also 463, 469
Auburn Theological Seminary-712
Augustana College-60
Augustine, Saint his early life,
teaches eloquence and rhetoric,
is converted to Christianity, the
Confessions, objects to the use of
the pagan classics in schools, lays
the foundation of Episcopal sem-
inaries, 60; and of Christian cat-
echetics, 61. See also 185, 204
Ausfeld-757
Austin, John-515
Austin College-61
Australasian Colonies area and
population, educational systems,
New South Wales, Victoria, 61;
South Australia, West Australia,
Queensland, Tasmania, New Zea-
land, 62
Austria area and population, 62;
school history,present school sys-
tem, school statistics, 64; educa-
tional periodicals, 65. See also 155
| Austro-Hungarian Monarchy-62
Authority-its twofold application
its dual nature, limits of, mode
of enforcing, description of, 65;
its use in intellectual instruc-
tion, expressive use of hurtful to
mental growth, 66. See also 374,
Bacchants-67. See also 1. 247
Bach, Johann Sebastian-605
Bachelor-67
Backus, Dr.-444
Bacon, Francis-early education,
appointed lord high chancellor,
Novum Organum, convicted of cor-
ruption, philosophical views, 67;
experiment, Instauratio Magna, '
Essays, influence on education, 68.
See also 179, 307, 494
Bacon, Roger-676
Bacon, Rev. Thomas-544
Baden-see Germany. See also 725
Bagdad, Schools at-36
Bahrdt, C. F.-68
Bailey, Nathan-223
Bain, Prof-424
Baldwin University-69
Ballarat College-712
Baltimore-history of education in,
school statistics, school system,
examination and qualification of
teachers, 69; industrial educa-
tion, training of teachers, 70
Baltimore City College-70
Baltimore Female College-70
Bangor Theological College-170
Bangulf of Fulda-123
Banks, N. P.-550
Bapterosses Desk and Seat-763
Baptists-sects of, early history, 70;
principal colleges in England
and Wales, history of in America,
colleges and theological semi-
naries in America, 71: epochs in
educational work, distinguished
Baptist educators, 72
Barbauld, A. L.-72
Barbier, Charles-100
Barcelona, University of-792
Bardas-385
Barnard, F. A. P.-72
Barnard, Henry-his early life, edu-
cational works-73. See also 173,
177, 736
Bartlett, R. M.-109
Basedow, J.B.-his early life,73:edu-
cational views and publications,
Elementarwerk, the philanthro-
pin, its failure, his death, his in-
fluence-74. See also 248
Basel, University of-804
Basil of Casarca-178
Basques-790, 792
Bates, Joshua-540
Bates College-74
Bavaria-see Germany
Baylor University-75
Beach Grove College-75
Beale-290
Beania-367
Beauty-284, 285
Bebel-360
Bébian, R. A. A.—75
Bec, Monastery of―31
Becker-352
Bede-75, 204
Bedford College (London)-269
Bedouins-37
Beecher, Catharine E.-260, 303
Beers, Seth P.-174
Beethoven-606
Belfast Theological Hall-711
Belgium-area and population, 75;
educational history, primary and
secondary instruction, 76; sala-
ries of teachers, educational sta-
tistics, 77. See also 165
Bell. Andrew- his early life, John
Frisken, 77; monitorial system,
controversy with Lancaster, the
National Society, the British and
Foreign School Society, his be
quests, Madras College, 78. See
also 263, 594, 774
Bell, Dr. A. N.—838
Bellarmin-118
Belles-Lettres - early instruction
in, 78; order in which the es-
thetic is developed in the mind,
method of instruction to be pur-
sued, proper text-books, original
composition one of the most ef
fective means for fostering a taste
for the beautiful, the esthetic in
foreign literature, text-books to
be used, 79; illustration of the
esthetic criticism of a scene from
Julius Cæsar, etymology of single
words sometimes a department
of belles-lettres, 80
Beloit College-80
Belper, Lord-833
| Bembo, Cardinal--482
Benecke-352
Benedict-178, 246
Benedictines, Schools of the-their
origin, peculiar features of in-
struction in, 80, list of the most
famous, 81. See also 178
Beneke, F. E.-81, 220, 248
Benevolence-81
Bengel, J. A.-81
Bennett, J. A.-109
Benseler-224
Bentley, Richard-82, 514
Berea College-82
Berkeley Divinity School-176, 177
Berlin, University of-368
Bern, University of 805
Bernhardi, A. F.-82
Berquin-307
Bethany College-82
Bethel College-82
Bible-difference in the views of Cath-
olics and Protestants concerning
the, use of the Bible in schools,
the Bible question, 82. See also
219, 362, 532, 826
Bible Expositions-731
Bible History-84
Bienrod's Primer-715
Bifurcation, System of-366
Biology-703
Bishop Scott Grammar and Divinity
School-671
Bishop's College, University of—718
Blackboard — substitutes
for, its
uses, 84. See also 764
Blackburn University-85
Blackie-197
Blahoslav-599
Blair-733, 734
Blake, Mrs. Jex-48
Blind, Education of the-statistics
of the blind, first public asylum
for, first attempts at teaching, 85;
institutions for, in the U. S.
methods of instruction,86; music,
mechanical training, government
and discipline, systems of print-
ing and notation, 87
Blochmann, K. J.-88, 695
Blochmann'sche Institut--88, 198
Block Combinations-313
Blue-Coat School see Christ's
Board of Education-see School
Board
Boarding-School-its status in dif-
ferent countries, relation to pub
lic schools, 88
Böckh, August-362
Bodleian Library-678
Boehm, Martin-823
Boethius-481
Bolivar-154
Bolivia - area and population, 88,
condition of education in, 89
Bologna, University of—208, 486
Bonaventura College-624
Bonet, J. P.-89,, 204
Bonn, University of-368
Bonnycastle, John-89
Book-Keeping-single and double
entry, 89; philosophy of, increase
of number of schools for, 90
Book-Manual-91
Booth-223
Bopp-352, 377
Borgi, Giovanni-91
Bossuet-118
Boston-population, school history,
school system, 92; salaries, pri-
vate schools and other institu-
tions, 93. See also 124
Boston College-94
Boston University-94
Botany -the educational value of,
method of studying, 95; simplic-
ity in manner of teaching, sys-
tematic botany, herbarium, mi-
croscope, identification of plants
not the chief object, utility of, 96.
See also 769
Boutwell, George S.-510
Bowdoin, James-540
Bowdoin College-97
Boxing-235
Boyhood-7
Boys, Education of-objects to be
kept in view, 97; systems of the
ancients, Cyropædia, Spartan sys-
tem, custos or pædagogus, ludi
magister, Institutiones Oratoriæ, 98;
training and instruction in mod-
ern times, necessity of discrim-
inating between the sexes, re-
quirements of modern civiliza-
tion, 99. See also 793
Brackett, Anna C.-303
Bradford Academy-301
Brahmanism-456
Braidwood, Thomas-99, 206
Braille, Louis-99
Brain 100, 702
Brazil-area and population, 100;
educational condition, school
statistics, Collegio de Pedro II.,
101
Breslau, University of—368
Brethren of the Christian Schools-510,
Brethren of the Common Life-510
Brewers' Company's School-269
Brian Boru-477
Bridgman, Laura-102. See also 435
Bristol-71
British Columbia-area and popula-
tion, educational history and
condition, 102; school statistics
and finances, 103
British and Foreign School Society-78,
263, 266, 594
Brooklyn-first free public schools
established there and in New
York, school history, 103; school
statistics and system, examina-
tion and qualification of teach-
ers, private seminaries and
schools, 104. See also 636
Brooks, Rev. Charles-809
Brougham-263, 833
Brown, George-444
Brown, Goold-105, $78, 379, 380
Brown, Nicholas-72
Brown University-105
Brüder-Hauser-358
Bruno, Giordano-433
Brunswick-Celle, Duke of-165
Brussels, University of—77
Bucharest, University of—745
Buchtel College-105
Buckle-195
Buda-Pesth, University of-432
Buddhism-455, 456
Buffalo-population, educational his-
tory, city superintendents, school
system, educational condition,
school statistics, parochial and
private schools, 106
Bugenhagen, Johann-107
Bureau of Education, National-
its organization, objects, officers,
and functions, 107. See also 827
Burgher School-108, 247
Burlington University-109
Burney-606, 607
Burrowes, Thomas-686, 687
Burschenschaft-367
Busby, Richard-109
Business Colleges-their origin and
progress, improvements in, 109;
differences in, 110
Buss, Miss--862
Butler, B. F.-637
Buttmann, Ph. K.-110
Byzantine Literature-385
Cadet - see Military Schools, and
Naval Schools
Cadets' College-110
Cagliari, University of-486
Cairo, University of-256
Calasanza, or Calasantius-704
Calculus-553
Calderwood-561
Caldwell, Joseph-651
Calepino-224
California-organization, education-
al history, 110; state superin-
tendents, school system, 111;
educational condition; normal
and secondary instruction, de-
nominational schools, superior
instruction, list of colleges and
universities, special instruction,
teachers' associations, 112; edu-
cational literature, 113
California College-113
California, University of-113
Caliphs-36
definition of, 113:
value of, proper time for, precau-
tions to be taken, 114. See also 702
Calisthenium-114
Calligraphy-see Penmanship. See
also 56, 685
Calvin-183, 247
Cambridge-549
Cambridge, University of-history,
organization, 114; professorships,
terms, members of colleges, de
grees, examinations, triposes,
local examinations, names of col-
leges, under-graduates,university
buildings, 115; societies, 116. See
also 269, 818
Camden School for Girls-269
Camerino, University of-486
Camp, David N.-174
Campbell, Alexander and Thomas-229
Campe, J. H.- his educational the-
ories and works, 116
Canaanites-411
Canada, Dominion of-116
Cane Hill College-116
Canisius-118
Canons Regular, 118, 119
Canterbury-81
Capital University-116
Capitularies of Charlemagne-164
Capo d'Istria, Count-386
Caracas, University of-837
Caracci-308
Cardan-204
Carleton College-116
Carlo Borromeo-301
Carlsruhe Polytechnical School-369
Carneades-2
Carpenter, Miss-457
Carthage College-117
Cartography-337
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Celsus-396
Celtes, Conrad-353
Celtic Languages-464
Census, School-see School Census
Census Reports-450
Centenary College-119
Central America-area and popula-
tion,educational condition of Gua-
temala, Honduras, 119; San Salva-
dor, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica, 20
Central College-120
Central Tennessee College-120
Central University-120
Centre College-120
Certificate-see License, and In-
centives, School. See also 732, 808
Certificated Teachers-522
Cervantes-792
Chapsal, C. P.-121
Character, Discernment of neg-
lect of, harm resulting thereby,
sacrifice of the individual to the
mass, temperament, how to dis-
cern it, 121; phrenology, 122
Charlemagne - his educational
aims, 122; education of the clergy,
course of study, system of public
instruction, 123. See also 118, 139,
164, 246, 300, 357, 740
Charles, Duke of Brunswick-116
Charleston, College of-123
Chart-123. See also 36
Charterhouse School--267
Cheever, Ezekiel-his life, 123; his
work and characteristics, 124. See
also 547
Cheke, Sir John-124
Cheltenham Ladies' College-269
Chemistry-its practical value, habit
of memorizing, 125; three meth-
ods, lectures, text-book study, ar-
rangement of material, sensa-
tional experiments, 126; proper
method illustrated, 127
Cherokee Nation-462
Chive System-783
Chicago-population, school statis-
tics and system, 128;
tion, licensing, and appointment
of teachers, salaries of teachers,
private schools, 129
Chicago, University of-129
Chicago Congregational Theological Sem-
inary-170
Chicago Theological Seminaries — 72,
170, 712
Childhood-see Age
Chili area and population, educa-
tional condition, primary instruc-
tion, school statistics, 130; second-
ary, superior, and special instruc-
tion, 131. See also 759
Chilwell (Engl.) Baptist College-71
China Proper-area and population,
early history, religion, alphabet,
131; classics, estimate of educa
tion, primary schools, 132: lect-
ures, degrees, examinations, in-
fluence of Europeans on Chinese
instruction, University of Peking,
133. See also 244, 299,378, 379, 380
Chirography--684
Christ Cross Row-134
Christian VI., of Denmark-213
Christian Brothers, College of-134
Christian Brothers' College-134
Christian College-134
Christiania, University of—802
Christianity-245, 246, 247, 300, 672
Christian Schools, Brethren of-510
Christian University-134
Christians-134
Christina, of Sweden-801
Christ's Hospital-135
Chrodegang, Bishop-118
Chronology-see History
Church Catechism -118
Church of God-135
Chrysoloras, Emmanuel-139, 482
Chrysostom-178
Cicero-2, 312, 565, 744, 745
Cincinnati-population, educational
history, school system and statis-
tics, 136
Cincinnati, University of-137
Cisleithania-62
Civil Government see Science of
Government
Civil Rights Bill-157
Claflin University-137
Clarke, Dr. E. H.-147, 302
Clarke Institution for Deaf Mutes-206,
553
Class definition of, 137; size and
constitution of, basis of classifi-
cation, teaching by classes or by
subjects, 138; loose classification,
139
Classical Studies
139; decline in study of, 140; ob-
- Latin, Greek,
ject for which taught, method of
teaching,text-books, translations,
141. See also 224, 225, 373, 511
Classics, Christian-history of, 142;
peculiar value of, 143
Classification-see Class
Class Rooms-439
Claxton, Timothy-430
Cleanliness-441
Cleator, Joseph-636
Clement-18, 246
Clerc, Laurent-206, 329
Clermont-81
Cleveland-population, educational
history, 143; school system and
statistics, 144
Clinique-144
Clinton, De Witt
sketch, political career, his aid to
the cause of education, 144; be-
comes president of the Society
for Establishing a Free School in
the City of New York, advocates
the Lancasterian system, is made
president of the Presbyterian
Society for the Promotion of the
Education of Youth, the Infant
School Society of New York, New
York Hospital, New York His-
torical Society, estimate of his
ability, 145. See also 521, 594,
Clinton, George-144, 637, 825
Cloister Schools-382
Codrington College-270
Co-Education of the Sexes-how
regarded in the U. S., 145; argu-
ments for and against, statistics,
146; progress of co-education in
the U. S., 147; effect of the ordi-
nary college course on the health
of women, progress of co-educa-
tion in Europe, 148
Coimbra, University of-708, 709
Colburn, Dana P.-737
Colburn, Warren-149
Colby, Gardner-540
Colby University-149
Colden, Cadwallader-197
Coleridge-185
Colet, Dr. John-379, 524
Collard, Roger-192
Collections College -151
Collective Lessons-139
College-history of in France, 150;
in Great Britain, Ireland, and the
U.S.,151; Harvard, Yale, 152; table
of colleges in the U. S., conven-
tion of college presidents in the
U. S. in 1874, 153
College de France-151, 316
College of Teachers-665
Colleges, Denominational-153
College Society (Congregational)-171
Collegiate Schools-see Cathedral
Schools
Colombia, United States of-area
and population, educational his-
tory, school system, 154
Colony School, New Haven-175
Color
value of instruction in,
method of teaching, harmony of
colors, 155. See also 778
Colorado organization, area and
population, educational history,
school system, 156; educational
condition, secondary and other
instruction, 157
Colorado College-157
Color-Blindness-241, 293
Color Charts-293
Colored Schools-their number, ex-
pediency of, 157; state laws in re-
gard to, advocates of, 158
Columbia College-158, 637
Columbia, District of-see District
of Columbia
Columbian University-159
Columbia Theological Seminary-713
Comenius, J. A.-his early life, 159;
Janua linguarum reserata, Didac-
tica magna seu omnes omnia do-
cendi artificium, Orbis sensualium
pictus, and other works, his posi-
tion as an educational reformer,
ideal order of instruction, equal
instruction of both sexes, educa-
tion and development identical,
physical education, school rooms
and play-grounds, words to be
learned in connection
things, 160; language to be
with
learned by practice, anniversary
of Comenius's death, statue
erected, 161. See also, 33, 34, 248,
599, 720
Comer, George N.-109
Commencement-161
Commercial Colleges
ness Colleges
Commissioner of Education-see
Bureau of Education
Commodian-142
Common-School Fund-638
Common Schools-162
Communal Colleges-150
Companionship-necessity of, 162
Communal Schools-165
Comparative Philology-275, 378, 464
Competitive Examinations - see
Examinations
Composition-oral composition, ac-
curacy of expression, method of
composing, preliminary train-
ing, 163; daily practice necessary,
correction of compositions, rhet-
oric, 164
Compulsory Education-first inti-
mation of, history of, 164; school
age first defined by law, 165; pres-
ent aspect of, 167. See also 154, 213
Comstock, J. L.-167
Comte-553, 554
Conception-the concept, predomi-
nance of conceptive faculty dur-
ing infancy, basis of judgment,
ends to be kept in view, value of
object teaching, illustrations,
168; conceptions dependent upon
feelings. 169. See also 453, 469
Conceptive Faculty-167
Concert Teaching-a kind of rote
teaching, memorizing, excessive
rote teaching injurious, tone of
voice in responses. 169
Concord College-170
Concordia College-170
Concordia Theological Seminary-534
Condillac-204
Confucius-132
Condorcet-316
Congregationalists-their history,
originators of common schools,
list of schools and colleges, 170;
American Education
church government, educators,
Society,
171
Congregations (University)—115
Connecticut-area and population,
educational history, 171; taxes,
172; tuition fees, permanent fund,
173; state superintendents, state
teachers' association, school sys-
tem, educational condition, 174;
statistics normal and secondary
instruction, 175; denominational
schools, superior, professional,
scientific, and special instruction,
176; educational literature, 177.
See also 166
Conscience, Culture of-its compar-
ative strength or weakness, moral
precepts not necessarily a culti-
vator of, 177. See also 597, 731
Conservatory, Musical-606
Constantinople, University of-385
Constitution of U. S.-178
Convent Schools their history.
178; influence of Reformation on,
basis and distinguishing features
of, 179. See also 246, 715
Conversation-its uses, 179
Conversational Method-its value
in early education, 180
Convocation, University-646
Cooper Institute-see Cooper, Pe-
ter
Cooper, Peter-his early life, in-
tentions in regard to the educa-
tion of the industrial classes,
Cooper Union for the Advance-
ment of Science and Art, course
of instruction in, 180, 181
Cooper Union, 180, 181
Coote, Edward-182
Copenhagen, University of—214
Copy-Books-see Penmanship
Copying-182
Corderius, Mathurin-183
Cordova-36, 790
Cornelia-98, 302
Cornelissen, Jan-636
Cornell, Ezra-9
Cornell College-183
Cornell University-183. See also 9
Corporal Punishment -advocates
of, abuse of, History of the Rod.
185; the Terrors of the Rod, hors-
ing, 186; disciplinary value of
187; justifiable as a last resort.
statistics, 188; present practice of
the civilized world, legal aspects,
offenses justifying the use of, 189.
See also 246, 319, 359, 630, 793
Correa de Oliveira-101
Corvallis College-190
Costa Rica-120
Council of Trent-742
Counterpoint-604
Course of Instruction-a proper
curriculum, 190; division into
grades, 191. See also 11, 132
Cousin, Victor-192. See also 1, 165,
318
Couteulx St. Mary's Institution-645
Cowper-196, 260, 434
Cramming-192
Cracow, University of-64
Crèche-193, 658
Crime and Education-their rela
tion, 193; prison congresses, sta-
tistics, 194: prison schools, crime
governed by fixed, natural laws.
195
Crocheting-466
Crooks, Dr.-224
Croton, School of-384
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