and papers in case of fire. The whole- &c., about 2,000 feet of plank to each sale business has increased very rapidly machine per day. Three breweries. of late, perhaps doubled in the course of Two white-lead factories consume 600 two years. The original dimensions of tons lead annually. Four rope walks, the canal were upon a scale entirely too which work up 600 tons of hemp ansmall to admit of the passage of the nually.” larger class of steamers now built and Every city has, at some time or other, being built for the New-Orleans trade. its practical jokes. The following one Hence the project of a rail-road from the is very amusingly narrated by Mr. Casupper portion of the falls to the termina- seday, by whom a work of considerable tion, to be erected upon the Indiana merit, entitled the "History of Louisside of the river, where the course will ville," has been written, and from which be level, has been for some time in we have drawn, quite largely, the maserious contemplation. The object of terials of this article. Mr. Casseday this rail-road is to transport the steamers does not think that the removal of the and other vessels too large to navigate deposits from the banks, where they had the river. It is to be effected by means been used as banking capital, very of a stationary engine about midway, from which pullies are to be fastened upon the boats, and in this way they are to be carried from the water above, along the line of the road, and laid upon rock, down to the water below. We may now expect this work to be completed within a short time, as all the stock has been taken and is greatly above par. From the directory published by Mr. Otis, in 1832, we obtain the following particulars, interesting to the general merchant: IMPORTS FROM DEC. 1, 1831, TO AUGUST 4, 1832. ..pieces. 33,411 1,170 4,913 12,037 16,729 Bagging.. China, &c... .pkgs. Coffee.. bags.. 18,289 Cotton bales. Mackerel bbls. Salt... Salt (Turk's Island). bags. 18,146 Tea.. .lbs. 63,500 materially affected the happiness or the love of fun in the citizens, although the city fathers represented, in a grave memorial to the government, that "all is gloom and despondence, all uncertainty and suspense, all apprehension and foreboding. Prices here have fallen beyond any former example. Flour has sunk from $4 to $3 or even $2 50 per barrel. Hemp, pork, and every commodity has fallen in many instances 50 per cent." sudden The incident alluded to by Mr. Casseday, as his proof that this derangement in the monetary operations of commerce did not "throw a very deep or settled gloom over the community," "was the' in the streets of appearance the city of a very singular procession, since known as the comical guards. They were intended as a burlesque of the militia drills, then of biennial occurrence here. The procession was headed by an enormous man, rivaling Daniel Lambert in his superabundance of flesh, mounted on an equally overgrown ox, on whose hide was painted the following descriptive motto: The bull-works of our country.' This heroic captain also wore a sword of mighty proportions, on whose trenchant blade was written in letters of scarlet the savage inscription: Blood or This leader was followed by a band of equally singular characters, long men on short ponies, little boys on enormous bony Rozinantes, picked up from the commons; men inclosed in hogsheads with only head, Two potteries. One grist mill (steam). feet and arms visible; men encased, Two foundries employing 155 hands and even to helmet and visor, in wicker-work consuming 1,200 tons of iron per annum. armor, and a thousand other knights of Sixteen brick yards. One steam plan- fanciful costume, and all marching with ing mill, with two machines and two heroic steps to the martial clangor of tin circular saws, planes, tongues, grooves, pans, the braying of milk-horns, the bbls.. .boxes. 7,717 14,627 barrels of whisky were inspected during this time. One steam factory (woolen) employs 30 hands, and consumes 25,000 pounds of wool per annum. One cotton factory employs 80 hands, and consumes 500 bales annually, and works 1,056 spindles. Imports-Dry-goods Houses-Groceries. 217 shrill sound of whistles, the piping of The sales of queensware, less reliably cat-calls, and the ceaseless din of penny trumpets and cornstalk fiddles. procession halted in its progress through the streets in front of the residences of the officers of the militia, and after saluting them with a flourish of music, made them a speech, and cheered them with a chorus of groans." The following is the table of churches: Baptist taken, reach $265,000. The There are thirty-nine wholesale grocery houses, whose aggregate sales reach $10,623,400, which gives an average of $272,400 each. A brief statement of some of the principal annual imports in the grocery line will, perhaps, give a better idea of this business. The figures refer to the year 1850: Episcopal.. Coffee.. bags. 42,500 Methodist. Rice.. .tierces. 1,275 Presbyterian. Cotton yarns. .bags 17,925 German Evangelical Cheese Lutheran.. Flour.. 66 Reformed Disciples... 18,000 Rope 2,250 Bagging Unitarians 1,200 Salt (Kanawha) 8,000 "(Turk's Island). 5,000 125,000 Jews..... 2. Total... 400.... 11,000 The following recapitulatory table will enable the reader to see at a glance all -46.....19,610....$590,900 that has just been stated: business. Groceries Dry-Goods Queensware The following statistical information Description of we extract from the work of Mr. Casseday, above alluded to: Louisville contains twenty-five exclusively wholesale dry-goods houses, whose sales are made only to dealers, and whose market reaches from Northern Louisiana to Northern Kentucky, and embraces a large part of the states of Kentucky, Indiana, Tennessee, Alabama, Illinois, Mississippi, and Arkansas. The aggregate amount of annual sales by these houses is $5,853,000, or an average of $234,000 to each house. The sales of three of the largest of these houses amount, in the aggregate, to $1,789,000. Neither this statement, nor those which follow, include any auction houses. In boots and shoes the sales of the eight houses, of the above description, reach $1,184,000, or $148,000 to each house. The sales of the three largest houses in this business reach $630,000. The aggregate amount of sales of eight houses in drugs, &c., is $1,123,000, or $140,375 to each house, and the sales of the three largest houses amount to $753,000. The sales of hardware by nine houses amount annually to $590,000, being an average of $65,555 to each house. The sales of saddlery reach $980,000, of which nearly one-half are of domestic manufacture. The sales of hats and caps, necessarily including sales at retail, amount to $683,000. Total........ As a tobacco market, Louisville has attracted very much of the public attention. In respect to this article, it has nience of access, coupled with the fact some very striking advantages-convethat, in the transportation of this article, purchasers at the North and East are not under the necessity of subjecting it to the trial of a sea voyage. Holders of tobacco are now satisfied that the sale of the article, at full prices, can be effected in this city without the slightest uncertainty or difficulty. Speculators, upon the other hand, and the regular trader, good assortment. The following table may confidently expect to find here a will show the steady increase in the article of tobacco since the year 1839. cannot but be directed to the wonderful extract from the Report of the Commitchanges that have been, and the greater tee of Public Health of the Louisville that will yet be effected, in virtue of ar- Medical Society: "Since the year 1822 tificial channels of intercommunication. and 1823," says this report, "the enHitherto the great lines of water com- demic fevers of summer and autumn munication have given character to the have become gradually less frequent; mercantile geography, or commercial until within the last five or six years, aspect of a country. But now they are they have almost ceased to prevail, and giving place to a more potent element those months now are as free from disof commerce in railroads and canals. It ease, as those of any part of the year. now becomes a question whether the to- Typhoid fever is a rare affection here, bacco and cotton planter, who resides in and a majority of the cases seen, occur North Mississippi, in certain parts of in persons recently from the country. Tennessee and Alabama, cannot put his Some physicians residing in the interior hogshead of tobacco of the one, and his of this state, see more of the disease bale of cotton of the other, into the cities than comes under the joint observation of the East, in less time and at a less of all the practitioners of the city, if we cost by means of the now uninterrupted exclude those treated in the hospital. communication with those cities. The Tubercular disease, particularly pul lake route, during the summer months, monary consumption, is not so much is uninterrupted. The Jefferson Rail-road seen as in the interior of Kentucky. begins to attract attention. The Balti- Our exemption from pulmonary conmore and Ohio Rail-road being comple- sumption is remarkable, and it would ted to Wheeling, produce of every kind be a matter of much interest, if a recan be carried to Philadelphia and New- gistration could be made of all the York. The completion of this road will deaths from it, so that we could compare be followed by the establishment, as them with those of other places. For necessary sequences, of a regular line of the truth of the remark as to the exsteam packets from Louisville to Nash- tent and frequency of the diseases ville, and to Memphis, and to Wheeling. enumerated, we rely solely upon what Louisville is also a place of increasing we have observed ourselves, and upon attraction to the law and medical stu- what we have verbally gathered from dent. The University of Louisville can our professional friends. This exemp stand a respectable comparison with the tion of Louisville from disease, can be very best in the country. It is now in accounted for in no other way than high repute and in successful operation. from its natural situation, and from There are names connected with the in- what has been done in grading, in stitution that have a reputation beyond building, and in laying off the streets. the limits of the state. "A short time ago," says the Louisville Courier of the 24th September, "we published a statement as prepared by Thomas S. Page, Esq., Auditor of the State of Kentucky, of the number of hogs six months old on the first day of January, 1852, in this state. The list was incomplete, as eight counties had not sent in their assessments. We now subjoin the full returns from every county in the state except Trimble : "Louisville is situated on an open plain, where the wind has access from every direction; upon a sandy soil, which readily absorbs the water that falls upon it; susceptible of adequate drainings; supplied bountifully with pure limestone water, which is filtered through a depth of thirty or forty feet of sand; its streets are wide and laid off at right angles: north and south, east and west,-giving the freest ventilation, and the buildings compact, comfortable, and generally so construct27,462 ed as to be dry and to admit freely 5,918 the fresh air. It is situated upon the border of the beautiful Ohio, and en15,643 vironed by one of the richest agricul tural districts in the world, supplying it with abundance of food and all the comforts and luxuries of life. It must under the guidance of science and wise legislation, become, if it is not 1,011,961 11,294 21,789 8,826 20,362 The reader, curious with respect to the health of Louisville, may receive satisfactory information from the following Report of the Committee of Health-Poems of Amelia. 219 already, one of the healthiest cities in and are extremely creditable to her as the world. Its proximity to the rapids a woman, as well as an evidence of of the Ohio may add to its salubrity; high order of genius. With a little and it is certain that the evening more experience, with a little more of breezes wafted over them, produce an the masculine of the mind-if we may exhilarating effect beyond what is de- say so-with a little deeper insight rived from the perpetual music of a into the springs of human passion, and roar of waters." a higher range of philosophical feeling, Louisville has the reputation of ha- she would have taken a permanent ving been the residence of one of the rank among those names that time sweetest poets of America. Some of enrolls for perpetuity. But her song, so the poems of Amelia, the child of song, full of melody, is now still in the are written with unusual excellence, grave. G. [For other statistical information upon Louisville see previous volumes of Review, condensed into "Industrial Resources," articles, "Kentucky," Louisville," &c. See also Review of January, 1853, for an article upon the rates of freight and other expenses of shipment from Louisville by the rail-road, &c., to the North, and also by way of New-Orleans, in the same direction.]-ED. ART. IV.-PROGRESS OF THE REPUBLIC-THE CENSUS OF EIGHTEEN HUNDRED AND FIFTY. (Continued fom our last No.) entire table falls short of the reality at least 20 per cent. For the purposes of taxation, especially on personal property, the full amount in value is not generally given in, and in rural districts, especially, all kinds of property are assessed at much less than their worth. The table does not represent stocks or bonds owned by the separate states, or by the general government. This return will be narrowly scrutinized, and will furnish matter for many a discussion on political economy. The value of slaves is included. CRIME. The statistics of crime form a subject of our investigation. From the returns it appears that the whole number of persons convicted of crime in the United States, for the year ending the first day of June, 1850, was about 27,000. Of these 13,000 were native, and 14,000 foreign born. The whole number in prison on the first day of June was about 6,700, of whom 4,300 were native, and 2,460 foreign. It will be borne in mind that the native prisoners include colored convicts, the number of whom it is impossible to state, as time has not sufficed to admit of the more particular The following is the valuation of real separation into classes, other than native and personal estate of the inhabitants of and foreign. Our criminal statistics, the United States for the year ending when fully understood, will present June 1, 1850:many subjects for reflection, and open a wide and interesting field for the study of the Christian, moralist, and statesman. New-Hampshire... REAL AND PERSONAL ESTATE.-Ap- Massachusetts. Maine. Vermont States. Assessed value. 71,671,651.. 546,003,057.. Rhode Island.. 77,758,974... Connecticut. Pennsylvania. Delaware.. Virginia... True or esti mated value. $122,777,571 103,652,835 92,205,049 573,342,286 80,508,794 119,088,672.. 155,707,980 715,369,028....1,080,300,216 190,000,000... 200,000,000 pended to our report will be found a ta- South Carolina * In New-Jersey, as the real estate only was re Assessed value. 51,027,456.... True or esti 189,437,623.... 201,246,686 291,387,554. 30,877,223. 152,870,399. 23,714,638 mated value. statedly used as places of public wor$220,165,172... $233,908,764 ship, belonging to all religious denomina52,740,473 tions. By the returns made, it appears 39,841,025 there are 36,011 churches in the several 301,638,456 states, and 210 in the District of Columbia 301,628,456 and the Territories. The churches in Cali59,787,255 202,650,264 fornia and the Territories are not fully 156,595,006 returned, but the religious denomina137,247,707 tions in those places are not supposed to 42,056,595 have possessed numerous or large build22,161,872 ings. The halls or school-houses which $7,122,145,697 are used in many of the thinly settled portions of the country,, and in cities by societies which are unable to build 5,174,471 houses of worship for their own use, are 5,063.474 not included. By the "aggregate ac986,063 commodations" in the table, is meant $7,133,369,725 the total number of seats for individuals in the churches. Under the "value of $5,998,983,281 Minnesota (not re turned in full).. New-Mexico.. Oregon.... Total...... 5,174,471 5,063,474.. 986,083. $6,010,207,309 CHURCHES.-The assistant marshals were required to give an account of churches, including halls and chapels, if church property" is included the value of each of the churches and property owned by the different religious soci + Only thirteen counties in California are returned. eties. |