Commitment of delinquent child under the age of twelve years. 565. It shall not be lawful to commit the custody of any delinquent child, under the age of twelve years, to any institution of correction or reformation, unless, after the care and oversight given such child under the probation system provided for by this act, the court finds that the best interests of the child and the welfare of the community require such commitment; and it shall not be lawful to commit the custody of any neglected or dependent child, who is delinquent, to any institution of correction or reformation in which delinquent children are received, nor shall any delinquent child be committed to any institution in which dependent or neglected children are received. '5 Trials upon indictment. 566. Nothing herein contained shall be in derogation of the powers of the courts of quarter sessions and oyer and terminer to try, upon an indictment, any delinquent child who, in due course, may be brought to trial.16 CHAPTER XXIII. TEACHERS. 567. Qualifications....... PAGE 246 568. Teachers to be examined in physiology and hygiene.............. 246 569. Examination in physical culture........ 246 570. Humane education................. 246 571. Provisional certificate. To whom granted........ 572. Professional certificate. To whom granted..... 573. Renewal........ 247 574. Permanent certificate. To whom granted. Authority to annul 248 575. Examination for permanent certificate....... 248 576. Permanent certificates issued on recommendation of committee elected by county institute. Exceptions.... 249 577. Election of certain grades of teachers for two or three years. Dismissal........... 249 250 578. School board of a township may employ teachers for the term of three years under act of June 25, 1885....... 579. Permanent state teachers' certificate. To whom granted........ 252 580. Form of application. Power of superintendent of public in struction to annul permanent state teachers' certificates...... 252 581. Granting of permanent state teachers' certificates to college graduates 582. Interstate comity........ 583. Limitation of the provisions of the act........ 584. Annulment .......................... 591. Duty of school directors. To record the vote in employing school teachers..... 259 592. School boards should not exclude women because of their sex 261 593. Teachers of stenography and typewriting..................... 262 594. Right of patrons to petition for or against the appointment of a teacher.......... 262 595. Minimum salary of school teacher...... 263 596. Dismissal of teacher for immorality. Accused entitled to be heard....... 263 597. Dismissal of teacher for incompetency...... 264 598. Dismissal of teacher for refusing to be vaccinated........... 264 266 600. Liability of school directors for the dismissal of a teacher....... 266 601. Power of school board to pass upon the charge of cruelty of a teacher......... 267 602. Teachers have the right to use corporal punishment................................... ..... 268 567. No teacher in this Commonwealth shall receive from a county, city or borough superintendent, a certificate as a teacher who has not a fair knowledge of orthography, reading, writing, geography, English grammar, mental and written arithmetic, history of the United States, the theory of teaching, and civil government, including state and local, and elementary algebra; nor shall such certificate be given to any person who is in the habit of using, as a beverage, any intoxicating drinks, or habitually takes opium; and all certificates given to teachers shall set forth the branches in which those holding them have been found proficient, and indicate by suitable marks the degree of that proficiency.1 Teachers to be examined in physiology and hygiene. 568. No certificate shall be granted any person to teach in the public schools of the Commonwealth or in any of the educational institutions receiving money from the Commonwealth, who has not passed a satisfactory examination in physiology and hygiene, with special reference to the effects of alcoholic drinks, stimulants, and narcotics upon the human system.2 Examination in physical culture. 569. In cities of the first and second class, teachers must be examined in physical culture.3 Humane education. 570. A system of humane education has been established in our public schools and while the act does not declare that teachers shall be examined, yet every teacher should inform himself on the subject.4 I. Act May 21, 1901, P. L. 269, amending Act April 9, 1867, Sec. 11, P. Provisional certificate. To whom granted. 571. County, city or borough superintendents shall issue two grades of teachers' certificates, one of which shall be called a provisional certificate, and shall be given to applicants possessing a fair knowledge of the following branches, to wit: Orthography, reading, writing, geography, English grammar, mental and written arithmetic, history of the United States, the theory of teachings, physiology, and hygiene, with special reference to the effects of alcoholic drinks, stimulants and narcotics upon the human system, civil government, including state and local, and elementary algebra, or to those who, possessing a thorough knowledge of the branches, have little or no experience in teaching, and shall license the holder to teach in the county, city or borough where issued, for one year, and which shall not be renewed without a re-examination.8 Professional certificate. To whom granted. 572. The act also provides that the other (certificate) shall be called a professional certificate, and shall be given only to those who possess a thorough knowledge of the same branches (as required for the provisional certificate), and who have had successful experience in teaching, and shall license the holder to teach in the county, city or borough, where issued, during the official term of the county, city or borough superintendent issuing it, and for one year thereafter.9 Renewal. 573. Any professional certificate may be renewed by a county, city or borough superintendent without re-examination, after having fully satisfied himself, by personal observation, in his or her school, of the competency and skill, as a teacher, of the person holding it.1o Permanent certificate. To whom granted. Authority to annul. 574. The superintendent of public instruction shall cause to be prepared a new grade of teacher's certificate, to be called a permanent certificate, which shall be granted by him to practical teachers holding professional certificates upon the recommendation of the board or boards of directors in whose employment the applicant shall have taught for the three preceding annual school terms, which shall be countersigned by the proper county, city or borough superintendent in office when the application shall be made, and approved, after examination, by a committee for each county or city in case a separate teachers' annual institute is held therein, which committee shall consist of three practical teachers holding a valid teachers' certificate, who shall be appointed and commissioned as examiners for a term of three years by the superintendent of public instruction, and who shall be subject to removal by him at any time, and such permanent certificate shall continue to be valid in such county, city or borough unless forfeited according to the provisions of this act, and shall also entitle the holder to teach one year in any other county, city or borough in this Commonwealth, without re-examination, at the end of which time it may be indorsed by the proper county, city or borough superintendent, if, from personal knowledge, he deem it worthily held, and it shall then confer upon the holder the same rank and privileges as in the county, city or borough where issued, and such permanent certificate shall only be annulled upon complaint, duly proven of incompetency, cruelty, negligence or immorality made to the state superintendent of common schools by a county, city or borough superintendent and a committee of teachers elected and constituted as aforesaid." Examination for permanent certificate. 575. All examinations for permanent certificates for teachers in the common schools, shall be by written questions and answers; and in case the examination of the appli II. Act June 28, 1895, Sec. 9, P. L. 417, amending Act April 9, 1867, Sec. 12, P. L, 55. |