commerce. The St. Lawrence, as an avenue of trade, is naturally no more advantageous to Canada than to northern New York. The colonial policy of England, and the want of liberal views on the part of the United States, have conspired to make that river important to Canada, while the Western States have depended upon the great canals of New York for avenues to the ocean. The removal of governmental restrictions and barriers to trade, places those great works at the service of Canada, and gives to Upper Canada advantages superior to Michigan. The peninsula of Upper Canada, dropping down below New York and Michigan, is in a better position to profit by the great works of New York than Michigan. The removal of customs restrictions confers great and self-evident advantages upon Canada, that she is not in a position adequately to reciprocate, other than by the increase in prosperity which those advantages will stimulate. To whatever extent Canada grows under a system of free trade, must benefit the Union.

MONTREAL FREE TRADE ASSOCIATION-CANADIAN ECONOMIST.

Accompanying the following letter, we received a file of the "Canadian Economist, Free Trade Journal, and Weekly Commercial News," published under the auspices of the "MONTREAL FREE TRADE ASSOCIATION." It is a handsomely-printed paper, resembling, in its typographical appearance, the London Economist, and is conducted with equal ability. The great object of the writers in the "Economist," as set forth in the prospectus, is, "to show that the principles of Free Trade are not necessarily injurious to colonial interests, but that they may be made the means of placing Canadian trade on a firmer basis than it has yet occupied, or than it could ever occupy, under the present protective system. Starting from this point, they will deem it their duty to agitate, by every legitimate means in their power, the repeal of all duties, other than those intended for revenue purposes, firmly believing that the interests of the colony, as the interests of all other countries, require that commerce should be left to follow its natural channels; that any attempt of the legislature to interfere with it, by means of protective or regulating duties, cannot be supported on sound principles of political economy.”

Impressed with the importance of cultivating a friendly intercourse with our brethren in Her Britannic Majesty's dominions, we very cheerfully comply with the request of the Association to exchange publications; and we regret that it is not in our power to answer their inquiries respecting the class of vessels employed in the cotton trade at Mobile. We trust, however, that some person in that city possessing the information, will enable us to communicate it to the Association, through the pages of our Journal.

MONTREAL, 11th July, 1846,
Free Trade Association Office.

TO THE EDITOR OF HUNT'S MAGAZINE AND COMMERCIAL REVIEW:

SIR-By order of the Council of the Free Trade Association, I send you the numbers of the "Economist" up to the present time. As the publisher of a Commercial Magazine, you may probably find matter in them that may be useful to you in your literary labors; at all events, you will be able to learn from them what are the views of a portion of the mercantile community here, on the future trade of the country. The succeeding numbers will be forwarded to you as they appear; and if it will be consistent with your arrangements to forward us your Magazine in return, we shall be very happy to receive it, and make use of it in the columns of the "Economist." Amongst the subjects intended to be mooted by the Association, is the necessity of building a different class of sea-going vessels, for the trade of the St. Lawrence. And for this purpose, we wish to obtain some information respecting a similar class of vessels employed in the cotton trade at Mobile. Can you favor us with such information? that is, the width, length, depth, &c., of those vessels, cost of construction, and generally as to their capabilities, and the advantage they have proved to the trade. If you have such information, and would let the Association have it, they would feel it as an obligation, and would feel themselves bound to return the favor, should an opportunity offer.

In the meantime, I have the honor to remain, sir, your obedient servant,

W. H. FLEET.

THE BOOK TRADE.

1.-Memoirs, Official and Personal; with Sketches of Travels among the Northern and Southern Indians; embracing a War Excursion, and Descriptions of Scenes along the Western Borders. By THOMAS L. MCKENNEY, late Chief of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, author of "The History of the Indian Tribes of North America," etc., etc. Two volumes in one. 8vo., pp. 476. New York: Paine & Burgess.

Mr. McKenney has described, in the title page quoted, with remarkable precision, the contents of his work; but we should be very unwilling to admit what he very modestly says in his preface, viz: "Should any one, on opening this volume with the intention of reading it, expect to find anything in it captivating, or even agreeable, he will find himself mistaken." Those who read the preface, and, after this disclaimer, persist in reading the work itself, will, we feel quite sure, come to the conclusion, that the author intended to disappoint them, very agreeably, too; for it is, on the whole, an extremely interesting and instructive volume. The imputations cast upon Mr. McKenney, while at the head of Indian affairs, rendered it necessary for him to make some explanations of a personal nature; and these, we think, will prove highly satisfactory to his friends, and disarm his enemies, (if at this time he has any,) and must convince all as to the purity of his motives, and the general rectitude of his conduct. Viewed as a reflex of Indian character, habits and manners, a description of "scenes of nature, vast, wild, boundless," and of incidents and events witnessed in the author's journeyings, it will be found exceedingly attractive. The red man of the forest is portrayed as a living, moving being; and the thorough knowledge displayed, throughout, of the aborigines, and the deep sympathy evinced for them, in these memoirs, will secure for the author the admiration and respect of every true appreciator of the race. The first volume is appropriately dedicated to Mrs. James Madison, whose fame is so delicately and beautifully mingled with that of her illustrious husband, (the fast friend of the author,) as to become identified with it. The second volume is dedicated to Mrs. E. Saunders, of Salem, Mass., a lady whom Mr. McKenney describes as having, "with her pen, most eloquently pleaded the cause of the poor Indians; and by her purse, sustained the efforts of others made in their behalf." This second volume consists of lectures delivered in various parts of the United States, the object of which was, "to excite in the public mind an interest in behalf of the Indian race, and their destiny; to give impetus to public opinion, in regard to what ought to be done for their welfare," etc. The work is illustrated with numerous faithfully-executed engravings, and is printed on a fine white paper, with a bold, handsome-faced type, by our worthy friend, George W. Wood; and altogether reflects great credit on the enterprising publishers.

2.-A Practical Treatise on Ventilation. By MORRELL WYMAN. Boston: James Munroe & Co. London: Chapman, Brothers.

This is a practical treatise on ventilation, embracing much scientific and useful information upon a subject that is applicable to our own country. The design of the author, as expressed upon its pages, is to present to the public those principles of ventilation which have been, for the most part, successfully applied in Europe, and also to offer such suggestions and arrangements as seem best fitted to answer that purpose in our own climate. Entering into a philosophical and analytical investigation of the real qualities of the atmosphere, he proceeds to the consideration of the mode of preventing and removing impurities of the air, and the proper manner of ventilating the various edifices which require it. The work is one of great practical value.

3-The Life of Sumner Lincoln Fairfield, Esq. In 1 volume. By JANE FAIRFIELD. New York, Mrs. Fairfield, the author of this memoir of her husband, is a widow, with an interesting family depending upon her unaided efforts for their education, and even the common Recessaries of life-a fact that should induce every one who aims at the apostolic standard of Christianity-that teaches us "to visit the fatherless and widows in their affliction"—to purchase her book, regardless of its value or interest, for the beneficent purpose of smoothing her pathway in life. Poor Fairfield was a man of genius and sorrow-his faults, (and who is without them?) were, we have no doubt, the result of circumstances, temperament, etc. The volume exhibits, in a comprehensive form, the leading events of his life, and analyzes the features of his mind and character with candor and delicacy. Reader, purchase it!

4.-Letters on the Most Important Subjects, during a Correspondence of Twenty Years. By the late Rev. WILLIAM ROMAINE, A. M., author of the Life, Walk, and Triumph of Faith." Published from the Original Manuscripts. BY THOMAS WILLS, A. B., Minister of Silver-Street Chapel, etc. New York: Robert Carter.

Mr. Romaine was distinguished for his piety and learning. His manner and style is described by the editor as almost peculiar to himself; and it consisted, he adds, "in making Christ the all in all, in the glory of his person, the efficacy of his blood and righteousness, and the fulness of his salvation." The estimate in which such works are held, depends very much upon the theological creed of the reader.

5.-The Bible, the Koran, and the Talmud; or. Biblical Legends of the Mussulmans. Compiled from Arabic Sources, and compared with Jewish Traditions. By Dr. G. WEIL, Librarian of the University of Heidelberg, Fellow of the Asiatic Society of Paris, etc., etc., etc. Translated from the German, with Occasional Notes. New York: Harper & Brothers.

These legends, it appears from the preface to the volume, have been extracted from original Arabic records, which are still regarded by the Mohammedans as the inspired works of the ancient patriarchs and prophets. The precepts which they either state or imply are contained in the Koran; and they, of course, are deemed of Divine authority. They present an epitome of Mohammedan theology, and they tend to show, in some degree, the spirit of the faith of that religion. The exhibition of such erroneous systems of belief will doubtless tend, by their contrast, to shed a brighter lustre upon Christianity, as the development of the Absolute religion.

6.-On the Connection of the Physical Sciences. By MARY SOMERVILLE. From the seventh London edition. New York: Harper & Brothers' New Miscellany, No. 14.

The design of this work, as expressed in the title, of showing the connection of the Physical Sciences, is accomplished, so far as we are capable of judging, from a somewhat hasty examination, in a satisfactory manner. What is permanent in the scientific discoveries of the past, the author has retained; and the modern lights, deduced from daily unfolding facts, are blended together, and thus form a harmonious and beautiful structure. It altogether forms one of the most interesting volumes of a most admirable series of useful and entertaining works; placed, from their extreme low price, within the reach of the "million."

7-A School Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities. Abridged from the Larger Dictionary. By WILLIAM SMITH, LL. D., Editor of the Dictionaries of "Greek and Roman Antiquities," and Biography and Mythology." With Corrections and Improvements. By CHARLES ANTHON, LL. D., Professor of the Greek and Latin Languages in Columbia College, New York, and Rector of the Graminar School. 12mo., pp. 373. New York: Harper & Brothers.

Dr. Anthon has, in the preparation of this work, supplied a want long felt by most persons engaged in classical education. The results of the labors of modern scholars, in the various subjects included under the general term of Greek and Roman Antiquities, are here exhibited, in a form admirably adapted to the use of young pupils. The work, we are persuaded, will be found useful to those who have not studied the Greek or Roman writers. The corrections, additions, and illustrations embraced in the editorial labors of Dr. Anthon, will, no doubt, materially enhance the value of the work. 8.-Shores of the Mediterranean, with Sketches of Travel. By FRANCIS SCHROEDER, Secretary to the Commodore commanding the United States Squadron in that Sea, 1843-45. With engravings. In two volumes. New York: Harper & Brothers.

The opportunity enjoyed by the author, under the auspices of a naval squadron of the United States, to observe one of the most interesting and singular portions of the world, was extraordinary; and he has improved it, in giving us a graphic description of his travels. Gibraltar and Mahon, Athens, Smyrna and Constantinople, Jerusalem, Egypt, and Venice, were within the range of his route. He saw all that was prominent in the scenery, in the aspect of cities, and in individuals, worthy of being described; and has placed his journal before the public in a very familiar and agreeable form. The track of travel which he describes has been often passed through, and we have numerous sketches of its appearance from former journalists; but each individual will ever come in contact with new objects, and become acquainted with new circumstances, which will naturally color his description with a different aspect. Besides the literary character of the work, it is very neatly illustrated with engravings of the Pyramids, a scene upon the Nile, the Volcano of Stromboli, the Temple of Victory upon the Acropolis, and the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem, and others which increase its value.

9.- French Domestic Cookery, combining Elegance with Economy; describing new Culinary Implements and Processes; the Management of the Table; Instructions for Carving; French, German, Polish, Spanish, and Italian Cookery in Twelve Hundred Receipts. Besides a Variety of New Modes of Keeping and Storing Provisions; Domestic Hints, &c.; Management of Wines, &c. With many engravings. 18mo., pp. 340. New York: Harper & Brothers.

The copious title-page quoted above, describes succinctly the character or contents of the work, which is an adapted translation of one of the most popular treatises on French cookery, published in Paris. It is stated in the preface, by the English editor, that it has reached its thirtieth edition, and that upwards of eighty thousand copies have been sold. For excellence, economy, and variety, French cookery is generally conceded to surpass that of any other nation, and is consequently gradually becoming the coolery of Europe, and the French cook is generally employed in our first American hotels.

10.-Miss Beecher's Domestic Receipt Book; designed as a Supplement to her Treatise on Domestic Economy. 12mo., pp. 293.

We have in this volume an original collection of receipts, including only such as have been tested by superior housekeepers, and warranted to be the best. The defects complained of in regard to American and English works, that the receipts are too rich, expensive, and unhealthy; that they are so vaguely expressed as to be very imperfect guides; that the processes are so elaborate as to make double the work that is needful; and, in others, that the topics are so limited that some departments are entirely omitted, are features which Miss Beecher seems to have avoided with scrupulous care.

11.-Elements of Military Art and Science; or, A Course of Instruction in Strategy, Fortification, Tactics of Battles, &c.; embracing the Duties of Staff, Infantry, Cavalry, Artillery, and Engineers. Adapted to the Use of Volunteers and Militia. By H. WAGER HALLECK, A. M., Lieutenant of Engineers, U. S. Army. 12mo., pp. 408. New York: D. Appleton & Co.

In the introduction to this treatise, the author attempts to confute the peace principles of the Gospel, as illustrated by the example of the Quakers or Friends, and ably supported by Dr. Wayland, a distinguished scholar and divine of the Baptist denomination, but not to our satisfaction; and we are free to confess that we regard, in this nineteenth century, war as not only immoral, but as one of the greatest of crimes-murder on a large scale. But Mr. Halleck understands military art and science, for which we have no taste or inclination, better than moral ethics; and his treatise on the former appears to embrace the whole subject of military tactics and strategy; and is, we have no doubt, well calculated to impart a thorough knowledge of the elements of carrying on a war scientifically and successfully. The volume is illustrated with appropriate drawings, and in its typography will compare with the very handsome editions of the standard religious literature, published by this enterprising house.

12.-A Practical Treatise on Organic Diseases of the Uterus; being the Prize Essay, to which the Medical Society of London awarded the Fothergillian Gold Medal, for 1843. By JOHN W. C. LEVER, M. D., Member of the Royal College of Physicians, London, etc., etc.-" Non quo sed quomodo." 8vo., pp. 240. Newburgh, N. Y.: David L. Proudfit. New York: Wiley & Putnam. Dr. Lever, devoting himself, with unwearied industry, to that particular branch of the medical profession treated in this essay, enjoyed rare advantages for acquiring great proficiency in the practice of midwifery. The appointment which he filled at Guy's Hospital, as assistant accoucheur, for a series of years, afforded him an opportunity of seeing no inconsiderable number of cases of uterine disease; one or two hundred out-patients, laboring under functional and organic diseases of the womb, falling week by week under his immediate inspection. The fact that this treatise received the prize of one of the most distinguished medical societies of Europe, will of itself be sufficient recommendation of the work, and secure for it from medical men more respect than any criticism emanating from an unprofessional source.

13.-Results of Hydropathy; or, Constipation not a Disease of the Bowels: Indigestion not a Disease of the Stomach; with an Exposition of the True Nature and Cause of these Ailments, explaining the Reason why they are so certainly Cured by the Hydropathic Treatment, &c. By EDWARD JOHNSON, M. D. 12mo., p. 181. New York: Wiley & Putnam.

Dr. Johnson, in this treatise, gives us the results of his experience in the hydropathic treatment, as practised by himself at Stanstead Bury House, in London. Drugs, he admits, do occasional goodbut he considers the amount of harm which they do greater than the amount of good. He therefore adopts what he conceives to be the common-sense course; i. e., preserve all that is good of the drug treatment, and unite it to all that is good of the water treatment; using both-abusing neither. We commend the volume to all who are suffering from the ailments, constipation and indigestion. 14.-Mosses from an Old Manse. By NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE. In two parts. New York: Wiley & Putnam's Library of Choice Reading.

The present work exhibits the traits which distinguish the author's literary character, and among them we would designate a freshness and simplicity, as well as a classical purity of style, and a power of description, which are unusual, even in writers of his own class. His observation of nature appears to be exceedingly acute, and his imagination is of that poetic cast which enables him to throw around every subject which he touches the peculiar light of his genius. His allusions are apt and elegant; and his pictures, although they are but fancy sketches, are imbued with a pure morality, and a philosophical spirit. We have in this volume a number of tales, without much order or method, somewhat rambling in their character, yet exhibiting most prominently the current of his thoughts, and those especial traits which constitute his originality, and contribute to his high literary reputation in that particular class of topics selected for the exercise of his literary powers.

15. Lyra Innocentium: Thoughts in Verse on Christian Children, their Ways and their Privileges. 18mo., pp. 360. New York: Wiley & Putnam.

Keble's Christian Jew is familiar not only to the members of the Protestant Episcopal Church of England and America, but many of its beautiful and appropriate poems grace the pages of dissenting church psalmody. The sacred songs of this volume are adapted to the genius and circumstances of the young, and harmonize well with the internal sense of " the Church," as set forth in its ritual. 16.-Margaret; a Tale of the Real and Ideal, Blight and Bloom: including Sketches of a Place not before described, called Mons. Christi. 12mo., pp. 460. Boston: Jordan & Wiley.

This is one of the most remarkable productions of our time. The story, drawn with an accurate pencil, is made the vehicle of diffusing the intentions of a mind possessed of deep spiritual insight in religion, philosophy, morals, and a profound knowledge of society, education, &c. The Mons. Christi of the author represents the human heart, and "Christ himself as our higher or instinctive nature;" by listening to which, we "learn, love, and obey all that our blessed Redeemer teaches." Margaret, the heroine, represents in "Childhood," "Youth," and "Womanhood," the most perfect Christian character, and as knowing by heart all the essentials of Christian faith and morals.

17. The Red-Skins; or, Indian and Injin. Being the conclusion of the Little-Page Manuscripts. By the author of "The Pathfinder," Decrslayer," "Two Admirals," etc., etc. In two volumes. New York: Burgess & Stringer.

Mr. Cooper, the author of these volumes, it is well known, has won for himself the position of the first novelist that our own country has produced. In his descriptions of ocean life, he is, in our judgment, unequalled; and his fictions bear the same kind of relation to North America as those of Sir Walter Scott to the mountains of his native land. Although his works have been already numerous, we perceive that he still toils on, and has recently embarked in other labors than those to which he early devoted his pen; his history of the navy of the United States having added to his fame as a novelist the more solid reputation of that of a historian. The present work will be found to present the genuine characteristics of his style, and will doubtless be widely circulated.

18.-Fowler's Practical Phrenology: giving a Concise Elementary View of Phrenology, presenting some New and Important Remarks upon the Temperaments, and describing the Primary Mental Powoers in Seven Different Degrees of Development; their Combined Action, and the Location of the Organs. Amply illustrated with cuts. Also, the Phrenological Developments. By O. S. FOWLER, A. B. Thirty-Fifth edition, enlarged and improved. New York: Fowler & Wells.

The present volume contains the exhibition of the phrenological system of the author, who has long been a persevering, ingenious, and successful phrenological lecturer. Having devoted a considerable portion of his life to the subject, it may be supposed that he has arrived to a deep conviction of its truth as a science. Whatever may be its merits, an attention to the subject of character, or the traits which form it, systematically analyzed and classified, may induce self-knowledge, a most valuable species of information, as well as self-improvement, which may be made one of its ordinary consequences. The author has had great experience in the examination of individual subjects, and has done probably as much as any other teacher, since the death of Spurzheim, to extend a knowledge of the system through the country.

19.-Education and Self-Improvement. In three volumes. Volume III.-Memory and Intellectual Culture. By O. S. FOWLER. New York: Fowler & Wells' Phrenological Cabinet.

Here is another volume of Mr. Fowler, designed to exhibit the application of his system of phrenology to the purposes of education. From the classification of the different faculties of the mind, and the passions of the soul, he endeavors to point out how these qualities may be disciplined by education. It abounds in many philosophical and practical remarks, connected with the improvement of the several qualities of the character, and it is amply illustrated by numerous wood-cuts of different heads, which are inserted in order to exhibit the phrenological developments as indicating traits of character. Whether one is disposed to concur, or not, in all its conclusions, it will doubtless be read with interest and advantage.

20.-Lectures to Young Men, on their Moral Dangers and Duties. By ABIEL ABBOTT LIVERMORE. 12mo., pp. 160. Boston: James Munroe & Co.

The present volume embraces four lectures, delivered during the past winter, on Sabbath evenings, before the young men of Keene, N. H., without distinction of sect or party. If many of the truths are old and familiar, they have the merit of being exhibited in a clear, concise, and impressive manner, and are conveyed in a diction at once chaste and beautiful; so that, while they describe without austerity the duties and dangers to which young men are everywhere exposed, the style in which they are written may serve as a model, or at least an aid in literary composition, to those they are designed to benefit. 21.-Life of Nathaniel Greene, Major-General in the Army of the Revolution. By his Grandson, GEORGE W. GREENE, late American Consul at Rome. Boston: C. C. Little and James Brown. This work is a satisfactory biographical sketch of a prominent actor in the war of the American Revolution. Being compiled by his grandson, who doubtless had access to original documents and family papers, we may suppose that it is entirely accurate. Its subject was a patriotic officer, who performed signal services for his country. A native of New England, he was appointed to the command of the Southern army; and, when that army was dissolved, he returned to the North. The volume itself constitutes the tenth number of the Library of American Biography; a work which, by its substantial and well-wrought sketches, constitutes a valuable contribution to our literature. 22.--Catalogue of Books, Paper, Stationery, Stereotype Plates, Binders' Leather, &c., to be sold, without reserve, on Tuesday, August 11, 1846, by Cooley, Keese & Hill, at their Auction Sales Room, 191 Broadway. New York: Printed by Leavitt, Trow & Co.

This is the first annual catalogue of the new firm. It forms a handsomely printed pamphlet of one hundred and sixty pages, embracing a most valuable collection of books, including about one hundred and fifty different invoices from the leading publishers, booksellers, stationers, and manufacturers in all parts of the United States. The sale commences at nine o'clock, A. M., with the stationery, stereotype plates, binders' tools, &c., and is to continue daily at the same hour, until all the catalogue is disposed of. As the sale of Messrs. Bangs, Richards & Platt, comes off in the following week, the trade will enjoy a rare opportunity of replenishing their stock on reasonable terms. Mr. Cooley is well-known as a pioneer in this branch of the trade, out of which he has already accumulated a handsome fortune. The great increase of the book trade since the commencement of these sales, will secure for the two establishments sufficient encouragement for an honorable competition.