deliveries on the Hudson are from the opening of the navigation to the middle of November, and those at New Orleans are for the year ending at the same time. The following is a table of the whole deliveries of flour, wheat, and corn, on the Hudson River, and of the exports of the same from the port of New York, in each of three years :— Flour,...... Wheat,.. Corn,........ Barley,....... 1844. 1846. 1845. Del'd on Hud. Export. Del'd on Hud. Export. Del'd on Hud. Export. 1,259,383 This moderate export, which amounts to about 6,500,000 bushels of grain, distributed over eleven months in the year, has served to advance internal and external freights to a very great degree. The stocks are accumulating to a very great extent in New York, while the rise in freights and the fall in exchanges checks shipments, and causes prices to fall in all the United States markets. It does not then appear that there is much ground for the confident tone of the London Times, of October 28, which acknowledged that the alarm it had previously entertained was unfounded, because accounts from New York showed that large stocks were here ready for shipment, and that 3,000,000 to 5,000,000 qrs. might be expected from this quarter before January. The prosperous state of the export trade has continued to affect favorably the exchanges, which have sunk so low as to permit the import of specie, and the Great Western brought $80,000; and the prospect is, that large accessions will be made to the stock already here before Spring. This, with the moderate amount of imports that have taken place, have conspired to make money abundant, with every prospect of its becoming more so. The government deposits in the city of New York, have been as follows, progressively :— UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT February. August. Bank of America....... $483,982 $673,824 $434,831 434,295 $9,546,863 $13,100,688 $11,132,538 $5,372,223 The diminution of public funds in this city is equal to $1,700,000, which has been sent South, in addition to the current revenues at this port, for war expenses. This operation, however, does not appear to have affected unfavorably the position of the banks, which, in this State, has been as follows: These deposits include the government deposits. Some of the banks return he amount due the United States separately from the cash deposits, while others include them under that head. As a general rule, the government banks have diminished their specie and loans, while the others have extended theirs. The country circulation is enormously large, but as it is represented by the enhanced quantities of produce sent down to meet the drafts for which it was paid out, it is not extended too much. In this position of affairs, the Secretary of the Treasury came into the market for a loan, under the law of July 22, 1846, which allowed the issue of a 6 per cent stock, ten years to run, with semi-annual interest. This stock would readily have been taken at a premium, if any certainty could be attached to the future wants of the government. But the position of the war, which was supposed to be approaching its termination, suddenly assumed a more vigorous tone, and consequently fears of the depreciation of the new stock through large additional loans on the assembling of Congress, caused capitalists to be cautious. Just previous to the opening of the proposals, a letter from the Secretary of War to the Governor of Delaware, was made public, announcing that no more troops would be required. As soon as the stock was assigned, requisition was made for eight new regiments, and news arrived that Santa Anna had seized a conducta of $2,000,000, and was about to prosecute the war vigorously. Nevertheless the new loan was all taken at a small premium, and the instalments mostly paid in in specie, although the Independent Treasury law does not require specie in payment, until January, 1847. This is the season in which the revenues of the government are less than at other periods of the year, and as the expenses are to be enhanced, it is evident that further loans will be required on the meeting of Congress. The following ⚫ are the revenues and expenditures for the last year: UNITED STATES REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE, FOR THE YEAR ENDING SEPTEMBER 30, 1846. The operation of the new tariff, after December 1st, will, by admitting the returns of the large sales of exports abroad at low duties, swell the receipts of the government for the month of December beyond those usual in that month; more particularly that considerable quantities of goods are in warehouse waiting the low duties to be released. It is, however, still to be apprehended, that the prospective revenues will be too low for the wants of the government; and it is by no means improbable that Congress may find it necessary, as a war tax, to impose duties upon tea and coffee, and there is no sound reason why these articles should be exempted any more than others. The extensive sales of produce at advanced prices, enhancing the profits of agriculturists, with the prospective abundance of money, hold out promise of an extensive and remunerating business for the coming year, notwithstanding the war. JOURNAL OF MINING AND MANUFACTURES. RESOURCES AND MANUFACTURES OF JERSEY CITY. JERSEY CITY is located on the Hudson River, opposite the city of New York, and 58 miles N. E. from Trenton. It was incorporated as a city in 1820. This place is indebted for its present growth and improvement to the several lines of internal communications which terminate here. These are-the New Jersey Railroad, extending to Philadelphia; the Paterson and Hudson Railroad, connecting with it, and the Morris Canal. Although a suburb of New York, and connected with it by means of an excellent ferry, the commerce of Jersey City, owing to the want of convenient quays, &c., has always been inconsiderable. Since the completion, however, of the above-mentioned internal improvements, a lively impulse has been given to its business operations and general aspect. New avenues have been laid out, and a decided improvement is visible in the architectural decoration of the buildings, both public and private. Attention has also been directed towards manufactures, in which a large amount of capital is, at present, invested. Among the most considerable establishments, are-a flint-glass factory; an establishment for the manufacture of bottles, vials, &c.; an extensive pottery; a sperm oil and spermaceti candle manufactory; a starch factory; 2 or 3 foundries; a hair-cloth factory, and an extensive rope-walk. Here are also a bank, 4 to 5 churches, a respectable female seminary, and about 25 stores. Harsimus and Pavonia, suburbs of Jersey City, average about 75 to 80 dwellings in the aggregate, together with several manufactories. In 1840, the population was 3,072. AMERICAN POTTERY MANUFACTURING COMPANY.-This establishment was erected prior to 1830, by the Messrs. Henderson, for the manufacture of porcelain; but, as the enterprise did not meet with the success anticipated, a charter was procured from the legislature of New Jersey in 1833, and the buildings appropriated to the manufacture of earthenware; white, dipped, and fine brown stone-ware, and yellow fire-proof ware, of sundry kinds. By the establishment of system in the management of their concerns, a judicious selection of materials, a uniform liberality in all their transactions, and the employment of competent workmen in every department of the business, the company have reached a degree of perfection in the art which enables them to compete successfully with foreign manufacture; and, in some cases, to furnish a superior article, at a less price. They consume from $14,000 to $15,000 worth of material per year, consisting chiefly of clay, flint, feldspar, white lead, litharge, and coal, and manufacture to the value of $40,000. Capital, $75,000; number of hands, 67; average wages, $19,000; hours of labor, 10. Agent in New York, Mr. George Tingle. NEW JERSEY ROPE-WALK, was erected in 1832, by Mr. George Pitman, for the spinning of bell-rope, &c. It is now owned by Mr. Thomas Maxwell, of New York, who employs from 10 to 15 men and boys, each of whom can turn out 715 fathoms in length per day. The establishment consumes about 52 tons of American hemp per annum, valued at $100 per ton. PHOENIX WORKS.-This establishment was erected in 1835, by Mr. Bartlett, who disposed of his interest in it to Messrs. John Savery & Sons, in 1838. It was destroyed by fire in July, 1845, and rebuilt of brick, in the most substantial manner, a few months after. It employs about 30 hands, whose average wages amount to $12,000 per annum. The amount of material consumed varies from $12,000 to $15,000, and enables them to turn out $30,000 worth of iron hollow.ware castings per year. Hours of labor, 10. These works are located near the railway, about three-fourths of a mile from the ferry. Capital, $25,000. JERSEY CITY IRON FOUNDRY, is situated near the railroad depots, and was erected in 1836, by Mr. Cornelius Kanouse, the present owner. It employs about 50 hands, whose average wages amount to $10,400 per annum. Capital, $50,000. Articles manufactured-steam-engines, boilers, machinery, and iron and brass castings of every description. Hours of labor, 10. HARSIMUS HAIR-CLOTH AND CURLED HAIR FACTORY.-This factory is located about half a mile from the ferry. It is the property of Mr. Robert Hunter, who commenced operations in 1845, and has a capital invested of about $8,000. The establishment has 20 looms, and is capable of employing from 35 to 40 hands, who turn out 20,800 yards of hair-cloth, and 30,000 lbs. of curled hair per year. Hours of labor, 11. Agent in New York, William S. Turner. SPERM OIL AND SPERMACETI CANDLE MANUFACTORY, is owned by Messrs. D. & A. Kingsland, of 55 Broad-street, New York. It was erected in 1830, and employs a capital of $150,000. Employment is given to 40 hands, whose average wages amount to $320 each per annum. They manufacture about 10,000 barrels of sperm oil, and 10,000 boxes of spermaceti candles per year. Hours of labor, 10. ATLANTIC GLASS COMPANY.-This firm, consisting of Messrs. Dummer & Lyman, commenced operations in September, 1846, and are not yet sufficiently organized to estimate the probable results of their enterprise. They manufacture bottles, tumblers, vials, &c., and give employment to 25 hands, whose average wages are $1 25 each per day. Hours of labor, 10. STARCH FACTORY.-This establishment is situated in Harsimus, about three-fourths of a mile from Jersey City, and owned by Messrs. W. Colgate & Co., and John Gilbert. The first building, 110 by 80 feet, was erected in 1827; prior to which, the business was carried on in the city of New York. Four additional structures were subsequently put up, of the following dimensions, viz: 110x84: 40x30: 90×50: 84×24, making a total area of 116,312 square feet. The amount of capital invested is $60,000, which gives employment to 40 hands, whose average wages are $11,000 per annum. This establishment consumes $45,000 worth of raw material, which yields 1,250,000 lbs. of starch, valued at $75,000. Messrs. Colgate & Co. have also an extensive soap factory at Nos. 4 and 6 Dutchstreet, established in 1806. This branch of business employs $25,000 capital, and 13 hands, whose wages amount to $5,000 per year. It is estimated to turn out 1,500,000 lbs. of soap annually, valued at $63,000. Our attention has been called by a correspondent who has sent us the Nashville Whig, containing a brief notice of the cotton and wool factory of Messrs. Allison, Morgan & Co., in the vicinity of Lebanon, Tenn. This establishment, it appears, consists of a cotton and woollen mill, a corn and wheat mill, together with a cotton gin, and other preparatory machinery, all of which are driven by steam; the fuel used being entirely cedar, twelve or fifteen hundred cords of which are consumed annually. The amount of capital invested in buildings, machinery, slaves, &c., and employed in the purchase of raw materials, is upwards of $80,000. It consumes annually seven hundred bales of cotton, and from thirty to forty thousand pounds of wool-all of which is produced in Wilson and the adjoining counties-and gives employment to upwards of one hundred and twenty hands, about one-half of whom are whites, and the residue blacks. The total number of spindles now in use is two thousand, with twenty-one large carding machines, and thirty iron power looms, which, when in full operation, can turn out one thousand yards of cloth per day, leaving to be disposed of in cotton yarns, nine thousand dozen per week. These cloths and yarns find a ready sale in the Nashville and St. Louis markets. They consist of heavy white and colored jeans and linseys, Saxony twede jeans (made of Saxony wool grown in that State, and intended for gentlemen's wear,) twilled cotton bagging, tent cloth, heavy tarpaulin cloths, bed and negro blankets, &c., &c. Many of the white operatives are teachers and scholars in Sunday schools, and no one who indulges in the use of spirituous liquors, or whose morals are not entirely unexceptionable, can procure or retain a situation in the establishment. Allen A. Hall, Esq., editor of the Nashville Journal, has seen and examined many of the articles manufactured at the establishment, and speaks in strong terms of their excellent quality. We rejoice to mark the progress of the various industrial movements in every section of our country, and shall regard as a favor any statistics and other precise information pertaining to the growth of manufactures, etc., which the proprietors or other well-informed persons in different parts of the Union, may find it convenient to furnish for publication in the pages of this Magazine. IRON MANUFACTURES OF GREAT BRITAIN. G. R. Porter, Esq., one of the joint secretaries of the British Board of Trade, read, at a meeting of the "British Association for the Advancement of Science," recently held at Southampton, a most interesting paper on the subject of the iron manufacture of England. In remarking upon the increased demand for iron occasioned by the new railways, Mr. Porter said: "One of the greatest difficulties with which the manufacturers have to contend, is offered by the workmen, who, naturally enough, perhaps, strive to obtain for themselves the greatest possible share of the increased value of that which they produce. To be of much use in any branch of this manufacture, a man must have undergone a season of instruction; and as the number of skilled workmen is limited, these, whenever any great or unwonted demand arises, hardly know how to set limits to their demand. But, succeeding in this, they prefer to obtain the same amount of earnings with the higher rates of wages, to the securing of greater gains by the exertion of even greater amount of toil; so that a greater urgency in the demand may be, and frequently is, accompanied by a lessened production. The produce in England and Wales, in 1845, is less than the produce in 1840, that of Scotland, however, having greatly increased. How the enormous demand existing, and to arise from carrying out the railway schemes already sanctioned, is to be met, it would be difficult to say. The laying down of these lines, and providing them with the needful stock of carriages, &c., would absorb all the iron which it is reasonable to expect will be made in Great Britain during the next three years; and it affords no satisfactory solution of this difficulty to say that the quantity required will be called for progressively, and that the demand will be spread over the same three years. To render this service effective, we should be assured that no further projects will be sanctioned during the time spent in their construction-an assurance for which we can hardly look ; and even then, we should be left without a ton of iron applicable to the thousand other purposes for which this metal is indispensable, for iron roofs, iron houses, fire-proof buildings, sailing ships and steam vessels. But the difficulty of procuring the necessary amount of skilled labor will be lessened, and when the present exaggerated demand shall have ceased, and shall be limited to the quantity needed for keeping the lines in repair, |