History of the Discovery and Settlement of the Valley of the Mississippi, by ... - John Wesley Monette - Google Books

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Blue Licks.-His Captivity among the Indians.-His Escape and Return to Boones.

borough.-Makes an Incursion to Paint Creek.-Boonesborough invested by large

Indian Force, August, 1778.-Defense and Incidents of the Siege." Fort M'Intosh"

erected." Fort Laurens" erected.-Protracted Siege of Fort Laurens.-Court of

Land Commissioners established in Kentucky, 1779.-First Settlement at Lexington,

Bryant's Station, Forks of Licking, and on Sources of Salt River.-Massacre of Col-

onel Rodgers and ninety Men on the Ohio.-Colonel Bowman's unsuccessful Expe-

dition to the Miami Towns.-Emigration to Kentucky.-Arrival of Immigrants in 1779.

-Scarcity of Provisions.-Depreciation of Paper Currency.-Distress of Emigrants

until 1780.-Defenses on the Ohio.-"Fort Nelson."-Colonel Slaughter.-Landed

Interest in Kentucky.-The Indians capture Ruddle's and Martin's Stations, and re-

tire.-Destruction of the Moravian Towns on the Coshocton.-Massacre of Captives

and friendly Moravians.-Colonel Clark invades the Shawanese Country in 1780.-

Militia Organization in 1780.-Colonel Clark erects "Fort Jefferson" on the Mis-

sissippi.-Southern Boundary of Virginia extended to the Mississippi

WARS ON THE OHIO. EXTENSION OF THE

SETTLEMENTS EAST AND SOUTH OF THE OHIO.-A.D. 1781 To

Argument. Severe Winter of 1780-81.-Scarcity in Kentucky.-Kentucky divided into

three Counties.-Indian Hostilities on Bear-grass Creek.-Attack on Boone's and

M'Afee's Stations. - Indians contemplate utter Destruction of Kentucky Settle-

ments. Chickasâs attack Fort Jefferson in 1780.-Counties of Kentucky organized.

-General Clark's gun-boat Defense on the Ohio River.-Abundant Crops of 1781.

-Indian Hostilities renewed in the Spring of 1782.-Estill's Defeat.-Last Survivor

of his Party.-Indian Hostilities continued.-Laherty's Defeat.-Indian Invasion, un-

der Simon Girty, on Bryant's Station.-Disastrous Battle of Blue Licks.-Colonel Lo-

gan baries the Dead. Upper Ohio.-Settlements of West Augusta harassed.-

Wheeling Campaign against the Moravian Towns.-Horrible Massacre of peaceable

Indians.-Former Position of the Moravian Towns.-Previous Admonitions neglected.

-Disastrous Campaign against Moravians on Sandusky.-Colonel Crawford and Dr.

Knight captured.-Execution and horrid Torture of Colonel Crawford. - British

Agency the Source of Indian Hostilities.-Attack on Wheeling Fort, and on Rice's

Fort. Lower Ohio.-General Clark invades the Indian Country in 1782.-Effects of

this Invasion.-Domestic Prosperity of Kentucky.-Settlements extend North of

Licking.-Flood of Emigration sets into Kentucky.-The "District of Kentucky" or-

ganized.-Peace with Great Britain announced.-Extent of the Kentucky Settle-

ments in 1783.-Population and Moral Condition of the Settlements.-Settlements

extend North of Licking River in 1784-85.-Settlements in Western Virginia. 119

INDIAN HOSTILITIES ON THE OHIO.-PREDATORY INCURSIONS INTO

KENTUCKY, AND PARTISAN WARFARE.-A.D. 1785 TO 1793.

Argument.—The Shawanese resume predatory Incursions.-Indian Horse-stealing.-

Object and Extent of these Depredations.-The Continuance of them provokes In-

vasion of the Indian Country in 1786.-Plan of Campaign under General Clark and

Colonel Logan-Colonel Logan destroys Scioto and Mad River Towns.-General

Clark advances to the Wabash.-His further Operations frustrated for Want of Sup.

plies.-A Mutiny ensues.-He returns inglorious to Kentucky.-His Sun sets.-Vir-

ginia comes to his Relief.-The Shawanese commence active Hostilities.-Exposed

Condition of Settlements in Mason County in 1787.-Colonel Todd invades the Paint

Creek Towns.-Simon Kenton as a Partisan Warrior.-Emigration in 1788.—Indians

harass the Ohio Frontier of Kentucky and Western Virginia.-Depredations and

Murders on the Ohio from 1788 to 1790.-Population of Kentucky in 1791.-Partisan

Warfare from 1790 to 1791.-General Harmar's Efforts to suppress Indian Hostilities.

-The Campaigns of 1790 and 1791 divert Hostilities from the Kentucky Frontier.--

Indian Hostility and partisan Warfare in Kentucky renewed in 1792-93.-Kenton

makes an Incursion upon the Little Miami, and encounters Tecumseh.-Severe night

Skirmish with Tecumseh in 1792.-Kenton continues his partisan Warfare in 1793.—

Makes an Incursion to Paint Creek.-Intercepts and kills a marauding Party of In-

dians at Holt's Creek on the Ohio, and recovers a large Number of Horses

POLITICAL CONDITION OF THE "DISTRICT OF KENTUCKY," FROM 1783

UNTIL ITS ADMISSION INTO THE FEDERAL UNION AS AN INDE-

PENDENT STATE.-A.D. 1783 TO 1794.

Argument. Retrospect of the political Condition of the District.-Causes for political

Discontent.-The People desire an independent State Government.-First Conven-

tion in 1784.-Second Convention in May, 1785.-Third Convention recommended.-

Great Emigration to Kentucky in 1786.-Improved Condition of the Kentucky Set-

tlements in 1786.-Measures adopted by the third Convention.-Action of the Vir-

ginia Legislature in favor of Separation.-Requisite Action by Kentucky unavoida-

bly delayed.-Fourth Convention appointed for August, 1787.-First Newspaper in

Kentucky.-Agricultural and commercial Prosperity in 1787.-Navigation of the Mis-

sissippi commenced.-Fifth Convention held in September, 1787.-Sixth Convention

in July, 1788.-Diversity of political Sentiment.-Political Parties.-Action of the

sixth Convention.-Prominent Men.-Corresponding Action of the Virginia Leg-

islature.-Final Action of this Convention, and Application for Assent of Congress.

-Assent of Congress granted February 4th, 1791.-Boundaries of the new State.

-First State Governor and Legislature convened June 4th, 1792, for the organi-

zation of State Government.-Causes of the protracted delay of Separation.-A new

Experiment in Political Philosophy.-Notice of political Parties.-Foreign Influence.

-Spanish Intrigue.-Increasing Trade with New Orleans.-The fluctuating Policy

of Spain with regard to the Navigation of the Mississippi.-Genet's Intrigue for the

Invasion of Louisiana in 1793-94.-Measures taken by the Federal Government to

suppress the contemplated Invasion.-Reluctance of Governor Shelby to interfere in

the Plans of Genet.-Increasing Population of Kentucky in 1794.-New Counties

organized.-Kentucky levies for the Campaign in the Northwestern Territory.-Ad-

vantages derived by Kentucky from Treaties of London and Madrid.-Last Efforts

of Spain to detach Kentucky from the Union.-Progressive Wealth and Popula-

tion of Kentucky.-Governors of Kentucky

THE EARLY SETTLEMENT AND POLITICAL CONDITION OF WESTERN

PENNSYLVANIA.-A.D. 1783 To 1796.

Argument.-Jurisdiction of Pennsylvania extended to the Ohio.-"Westmoreland

County" organized.-" Washington County" organized.-Emigration to the Monon-

gahela and Youghiogeny.-Town of Pittsburgh laid out.-Brownsville laid out; be-

comes an important Point.-First Newspaper in the West.-Pittsburgh becomes a

Market Town in 1788.-Trade and Manufactures spring up.-It derives great Im-

portance as a military Dépôt in 1790.-Prosperous Condition of Settlements on the

Monongahela. Pittsburgh becomes an important manufacturing and trading Town.

-Agricultural Prosperity of Monongahela Settlements.-Effects of Spanish Restric-

tions on the Mississippi.-"Excise Law" odious.-Disaffection toward Federal Gov-

ernment.-French Influence in the West.-Resistance to Excise on Whisky.-Dif-

ficulties encountered by excise Officers.-General Neville appointed Superintendent

of excise Customs.-His moral Worth and Popularity insufficient to sustain him.—

His House burned by a Mob.-Other Outrages perpetrated by the Mob.-Character

of the Insurgents.-A Meeting of the Militia.-A Convention proposed.-Measures

adopted by the President of the United States.-Proposed Amnesty.-Convention at

Parkinson's Ferry.-Alarm of the insurgent Leaders.-Effects of General Wayne's

Victory on the Maumee.-Commissioners appointed by the President.-Troops lev

ied to suppress the Insurrection.-Fourteen thousand Troops advance to Pittsburgh.

-The Insurrection is suppressed.-Insurgents dispersed.-Inquisitorial Court estab-

lished. Three hundred Insurgents arrested.-The Troops discharged.-Pittsburgh

incorporated in 1794.-Quietude of Frontiers, and Advance of Population.-Uninhab-

ited Region west of Alleghany River.-Emigration encouraged.-" Population Com-

pany."-Their Grant.-State Grants to actual Settlers.- -Conflict of State Grants

with the Company's Privileges.-First Paper Mill on the Monongahela.-Manufac-

INDIAN RELATIONS AND TREATIES WITH THE UNITED STATES, FROM

THE TREATY OF PARIS TO THE TREATY OF GREENVILLE."

A.D. 1783 TO 1795.

Argument-Retrospect relative to the Northwestern Boundary.-Reluctantly assent-

ed to in the Treaty of 1783 by Great Britain.-Disregard of Treaty Stipulations rela-

tive to the Northwestern Posts by British Cabinet.-British and Indian Alliance

during the Revolutionary War.-Western Feeling toward the Indians.-Jealousy

of the Indians at the rapid Advance of the White Settlements.-Measures of Con-

gress to conciliate Indian Jealousy.-Preliminary Steps for Treaties with all the

Tribes.-Treaties by individual States prior to 1784.-Treaty of Fort Stanwix, and

the Treaty Line.-Treaty of Fort M'Intosh, and Boundary Line.-Treaty of the Mi-

ami with the Shawanese, and their Cession of Lands.-Treaties of Hopewell with

Southern Indians.-Cherokee Treaty.-Choctâ Treaty.-Chickasâ Treaty.-Extent

of Country and Number of Warriors of each Nation respectively.-Dissatisfaction of

the Six Nations relative to the Treaty of Fort Stanwix.-Their Grievances.-Prep-

arations for a new Treaty.-Treaty of Fort Harmar in 1789.-The Shawanese refuse

to attend.-Shawanese encouraged to Hostilities by British Traders at Detroit.-

Connivance of the British Government at these Intrigues.-Hostilities commenced

upon the Ohio Frontier.-Pacific Overtures of Governor St. Clair.-Unsettled Condi-

tion of the Southern Indians.-The Cherokees.-Encroachments of the Cumberland

Settlements. Treaty of Holston, July 2d, 1791.-Creek Disturbances.-Measures to

conciliate the Creeks.-The Treaty of New York with M'Gillivray and other Creek

Chiefs.-Efforts of Spanish Agents to embarrass the Negotiations.-M'Gillivray's Op-

position. The Creeks instigated to War.-Cherokees commence Hostilities.-Span-

ish Intrigue with Creeks and Cherokees.-Creek Preparation for Hostilities against

Cumberland Settlements.-Bowles, a Creek Chief.-Indian Tribes generally make

Overtures for Peace and Friendship after Wayne's Victory.-Treaty with Six Na-

tions in 1794.-Treaty of Greenville in 1795, comprising all Northwestern Tribes.-

Termination of Indian Wars

EXTENSION OF THE FIRST WHITE SETTLEMENTS ACROSS THE OHIO,

UNTIL THE CLOSE OF THE INDIAN WARS.--A.D. 1787 To 1794.

Argument. Claims of Virginia and other States to "Northwestern Territory" relin-

quished, with certain Reservations.-" Connecticut Reserve."-Virginia military

District." Northwestern Territory" laid off by Ordinance of 1787.-Territorial Gov-

ernment provided.-Partial Occupation by United States.-First Settlement on the

Muskingum.-Putnam's Colony, from Connecticut, arrives at Fort Harmar April 17th,

1788.-Character of the Colonists.-Second Colony arrives July 2d.-Celebration of

4th of July in the Wilderness.-First Clergyman, Daniel Story.-Governor St. Clair

and territorial Officers arrive.-Territorial Government organized.-"Washington

County" laid off-Arrival of Emigrants.-Campus Martius.-Settlements formed at

Belpre and Newberry.-Emigration to Kentucky.-Miami Settlements.-Symmes's

Purchase on the Miami.-Settlement at Columbia.-Settlement at Cincinnati.-Fort

Washington commenced.-Its Form and Dimensions.-" County of Hamilton" organ-

ized. Squire M'Millan.-Colerain Settlement.-Headquarters established at Fort

Washington.-"Knox County" organized.-" St. Clair County" organized.-Popula-

tion of Settlements on Muskingum and Miami in 1790.-Indian Hostilities commence.

-Defensive Measures adopted.-Indians exasperated at the unsuccessful Expedi-

tion of General Harmar.-Destruction of Settlement of Big Bottom, January 2d, 1791.

-Attack on Wolf Creek Settlement.-Attack on Colerain Station.-Nathaniel Mas-

sie settles Manchester, on the Ohio.-French Settlement at Gallipolis, March, 1791.

-Fraud of the "Scioto Company."-General St. Clair also unsuccessful.-Indian

Audacity and Hostilities increase.-President Washington adopts more energetio

Measures with the Indians.-Indian Outrages multiply in 1792.-Cincinnati in 1793.

-Its Importance as a military Dépôt.-First Presbyterian Pastor.-Indian Hostil-

ities in 1793.-Martial Law paramount.-First Newspaper in Northwestern Terri-

tory.-General Wayne takes Command of the Army.-Confidence restored to the

western People.-Troops concentrate in the Miami Country.-Advanced Posts es-

tablished.-Indians defeated and reduced to great Distress.-Settlements again ad-

EARLY SETTLEMENT AND

INDIAN HOSTILITIES IN THE SOUTH-

WESTERN TERRITORY," UNTIL ITS ADMISSION into the federal

UNION AS THE STATE OF TENNESSEE.-A.D. 1776 To 1796.

Argument.-Retrospect of the First Settlements of East Tennessee.-First Settle-

ments on Cumberland River.-Cherokee Hostilities in 1780.-North Carolina en-

courages Emigration to the Cumberland in 1783.-Military Land District erected.-

Chickasa Cession in 1784.-Increased Emigration to Holston and Cumberland in

1785.-Political Difficulties in Washington District.-Attempted Organization of the

"Republic of Frankland."-Colonel John Sevier attainted for Treason, and restored

to his Rights.-Authority of North Carolina sustained.-Spanish Influence in the

Cumberland Settlements.-Population of Washington and Miro Districts in 1789.-

North Carolina cedes her Western Territory to the Federal Government.-" South-

western Territory" organized in 1790.—Indian Hostilities commence.-Efforts of the

Federal Government to maintain Peace.-Rapid Increase of Emigration Westward

in 1791.-Indian Hostilities in 1791 to 1793.-Spanish Intrigue with the Indians.-

Colonel Sevier and General Robertson conduct Defenses.-Population of South-

western Territory in 1794.-Population of the Territory in 1795.-Second Grade of

Territorial Government assumed.-State Constitution adopted in 1796.-"State of

Tennessee" admitted into the Union.-Features of Constitution.-Progressive In-

crease of Population and Extension of Settlements to the Mississippi until 1840.-

Displacement of the Indian Tribes.-West Tennessee and Memphis.-Population

and Enterprise.-Colonies sent out from Tennessee

INDIAN WARS AND MILITARY OPERATIONS BY THE UNITED STATES

NORTH OF THe ohio riveR.-A.D. 1787 TO 1795.

Argument.-Unsettled State of the Indian Tribes from 1784 to 1790.-Extent of Indian

Depredation and Murders up to 1790.-General Harmar prepares to invade the In-

dian Country.-Advances to the Maumee.-Is defeated in two Engagements.-Re-

treats to Fort Washington.-Indian Hostilities renewed.-General Scott marches an

Expedition against the Wabash Towns.-Colonel Wilkinson leads another against

the Towns on Eel River and Tippecanoe.-General St. Clair prepares to invade the

Maumee Country.-Marches toward the St. Mary's.-Meets with a disastrous Defeat.

--Terrible Onset of the Savages.-Their Number and Allies.-The Remnant of the

Army arrives at Fort Washington.-Colonel Wilkinson commands at Fort Wash-

ington. He proceeds from Fort Jefferson to the Scene of the Defeat.-Overtures of

Peace tendered to the Indians in 1792.-The Federal Government authorize a strong

Force for the Humiliation of the Savages.-General Wayne Commander-in-chief.-

Indians continue their hostile Demonstrations.-Excited by British Emissaries.-

General Wayne concentrates his Forces at Fort Greenville.-The advanced Posts

harassed by Indians.-Plan of Encampment at Greenville.-Lord Dorchester-Pres-

ident Washington's Views of Indian Tactics.-Fort Recovery built.-Is attacked by

Indians in 1793.-General Scott arrives with the mounted Riflemen.-General Wayne

takes up the Line of March for the Maumee.-"Fort Defiance" commenced.-" Fort

Deposit" at the Head of the Rapids.-Force concentrated at this Point.-Battle of

the Miami, August 20th, 1794.-Utter Defeat of the Savages.-The Army returns to

Fort Defiance, which is strongly fortified.-Army advances to Miami Villages.-Fort

Wayne erected.-Army retires to Winter-quarters at Greenville.-Indians sue for

ADVANCE OF THE WHITE POPULATION INTO THE NORTHWESTERN

TERRITORY.-ADMISSION OF THE "STATE OF OHIO" INTO THE

FEDERAL UNION.-A.D. 1795 To 1804.

Argument.-Security of the frontier Population after the Treaty of Greenville.-Am-

icable Intercourse with the Indians.-Emigrants advance upon the Muskingum, Sci-

oto, and Miami Rivers.-Population of Northwestern Territory in 1796.-Of Cincin-

nati in 1797.-Population advances into the Virginia Military District.-Nathaniel

Massie, Pioneer of Scioto Valley.-Chillicothe first Settled-Tribute to Memory of

Massie. First Mail-route opened from Wheeling to Limestone.-Population ad-

vances to the "Western Reserve."-" County of Wayne" organized.-Old French

Settlements near Detroit.-Traits of Character in French Population.-Retrospect

of Northwestern Territory in 1796.-Extension of Settlements up the Scioto and

Muskingum Valleys.-" Adams County" organized.-"Ross County" organized.-

Condition of Chillicothe in 1798.-Extreme Settlements north of Chillicothe.-Her-

man Blannerhasset emigrates to Ohio in 1798.-His Traits of Character.-Blanner.

hasset's Island.-Steubenville laid off and settled.-Territorial Population in 1798.-

Second Grade of Government assumed.-First Territorial Legislature.-Public Sur-

veys.-Counties of Trumbull and Fairfield organized.-Belmont County organized.-

Indiana Territory organized into a separate Government.-Congress authorizes a

Convention to form a State Constitution.-Convention assembles and adopts a Con-

stitution.-"State of Ohio" admitted into the Union.-State Government organized

March 1st, 1803.-Character and Merits of Governor St. Clair.-New Counties organ-

ized.-Governors of Ohio.-Subsequent Increase of Population and Extension of

Civil Government.-Population in 1840.-Character of Emigration to Ohio.

THE MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY" FROM ITS FIRST ORGANIZATION TO

THE COMMENCEMENT

Argument.-Original Extent of the Mississippi Territory.-First Governor and Terri-

torial Judges.-Authority and Jurisdiction of the same -Arrival of the United States

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