Trade of Mexico, the Guianas, Brazil, Buenos Ayres, &c. First, beyond the equator, we come to Brazil. The domestic exports of this state are: Hides..... Coffee.... Cotton. .... Sugar. Dyewoods.. Horse hair $2,000,000 All other... 535 .value.... $250,000 The domestic exports of Peru are: .value... 400,000 Chinchilla and nutria skins ..value. 150,000 17,000,000 1,000,000 3,000,000 All other Total.. Uruguay, the last of the states north Cotton.. of the Plata, exports as follows: Ox and cow hides. Horse-hides Horns. Hair. Wool. Tallow Beef Grease. Sheep-skins Nutria-skins .number....430,000 Wool, &c...... ......number.... 60,000 All other ..arrobas.... 18,000 Total... .$9,000,000 arrobas. 36,000 The domestic trade of Equador is .quintals....200,000 7,000 growing. It already includes 70,000,000 .... arrobas. .......number.... 17,000 pounds of cocoa a year, and the demand ..number.... 6,000 exceeds the supply. The exports of the state are principally Proceeding up the Paraguay, we reach the frontiers of Bolivia. This state is entirely shut in from the Pacific; but it has a navigable water course to the Atlantic by the Amazon. Three miles of cutting, as stated, would also give them command of a river route to the mouth of the Plata. The inhabitants are not naturally indolent; but their want of enlightenment, which only can be had by frequent and general intercourse with the world, retards the development of their inherent energies. Their trade is entirely local. They neither import nor export, except through contiguous countries; and statistics of this trade we are not in possession of. Buenos Ayres, which is south of the Plata river, and intercepts the trade of the Paraguay and Parana rivers, exports: If we are to have reciprocity, let it be a reciprocity founded in justice to the whole Union-that will invite the products of the basins of the continent to seek one great midway sea-and not a reciprocity confined to a single section, value.... $600,000 and designed to benefit but a single invalue.... 500,000 terest. .value.... 4,000,000 ART. II.-NEW-YORK IN EIGHTEEN HUNDRED AND FIFTY TWO-FIFTY-THREE: PROGRESS OF THE STATE-COMMERCE OF THE CITY-RAIL-ROADS-CANALS-EXPENDITURES -DISEASES-MORTALITY-PRICES AND RECEIPTS OF COMMODITIES-SOURCES OF POPULATION AND IMMIGRATION, ETC. WE had occasion last autumn, when speaking of the approaching World's Fair, in New-York, to express our opinion upon the causes which have led to the empire greatness of that city, and to commend the wide and liberal policy which she has pursued. On previous occasions we presented the facts and statistics of her growth from year to year, and many speculations pertaining to her future, all of which were condensed into the volumes of the Industrial Resources. Nothing remains now but to add to this material the facts and figures of the year which has closed, in order to make it complete upon almost all of the points to which either interest or instruction can attach, and we are enabled to obtain these from the voluminous reports of the Herald, the Courier and Enquirer, and official papers before us. We begin with some particulars relating to the state, for which we are indebted to the late annual message of Governor Seymour: The number of patients in the State Asylum at Utica was: Commencement of the year Total number treated......... Males. Females. Total. 220....215....435 .200....190....390 420.... .405....825 ployed in the workshops. The introduction of new trades has been attended with great advantage to the inmates. The imposition of heavy assessments for grading the streets around the buildings of the institution, will require increased pecuniary aid from the legislature. We have the following statement from the commissioners of emigration: Whole number of aliens who arrived at the port of New-York, May 5th, 1847, 1,336,960. Number arrived during this year, up to December 15th, 295,272. Number of persons admitted to Immi There have been discharged during grant Refuge Hospital, Ward's Island, the year: during the year, about 15,000. Number of persons admitted to Marine Hospital, Staten Island, 8,511. Number of persons relieved in the various counties in the state, and chargeable upon the commutation fund, about 13,138. Number of persons lodged and relieved temporarily in the city, 18,391. Number of persons for whom employ. ment was found in the city, various parts of the state, and in other states, 517 from the office in this city under the charge of commissioners, 14,612. 488 1,005 Number of persons forwarded to various places at expense of commission469 ers, 4,962. 562 Of those admitted, 99 were natives, and 389 foreigners. Of those discharged, 71 were natives, and 270 foreigners. Of those who died, 29 were natives, and 99 foreigners. The number of pupils now in the New-York Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb, is two hundred and fifty-nine; of this number one hundred and eighty-five are supported by the state. At the last session of the legislature, the number of pupils thus supported was increased thirty-two, adding one from each senate district-making the whole number of state beneficiaries one hundred and ninety-two. This institution continues to improve its system of instruction, to increase the value of its results, and to gain in the estimation of the public. The Institution for the Blind is successfully conducted. There are one hundred and fifty-three blind persons in the establishment; forty-two are em Number of persons for whom special bonds have been demanded during the year, under the amended act of July, 1851, about 1,000. The commissioners state that six years' experience has shown that the commutation of $1 50 for each person is sufficient to provide for the support of the poor and helpless emigrant, but not enough to cover the expenses of procuring buildings for their reception.Since May, 1847, the state has been relieved from all expense of both sick and destitute from abroad. Large numbers of emigrants have been aided in getting employment here, or in going to other states where their labor was in greater demand. The commission is indebted $170,000 for land and the erection of buildings. On the 30th of September the public funds devoted to education amounted to the following sums: The Common-School Fund. "United States Deposit Fund.... "Literature Fund. $2,354,530 00 4,014,420 00 272,980 92 $6,641,930 92 Benevolent Institutions-Educational Funds-State Prisons. 537 Pupils instructed in the district schools during the whole year.. Total 7,035.. 8,765 Amount paid for teach ers' wages. Amount paid for district libraries.. The total amount expended for common schools was 1850. 43,306.. 869 759 155 .1,783 This is an increase of sixty-nine above 39,059 the returns of last year. The number 68,742 of female convicts is about eighty. The expense of maintaining the prisoners beyond the amount of their earn170,005.. 178,330 ings, with the cost of indispensable im212,578.. 211,367 provements, will make the following ap196,561.. 200,473 propriations necessary. 1,507,077..1,570,131 For the prison at Auburn 1851. $1,350,345 92..$1,681,316 00 66 Total. The officers are confident that after the contemplated improvements are paid for, these establishments will sustain themselves. The annual report of $1,884,826 16..$2,249,814 02 the inspectors will contain a detailed Amount paid for build- and interesting statement of the expenses and condition of these prisons. Great interest is felt by a large class From these statistics it appears that of our mechanics in the success of the about one quarter of the population of Clinton Prison. The character of the the state are receiving, in our district labor of the convicts at that place conschools, the education that is to fit them flicts less with the interests of some of to perform their duties as citizens of our our citizens, than the employments purrepublic. Their characters and success sued in the other prisons. This estabin life will be greatly influenced by the lishment has heretofore been quite exkind of instruction they receive in these pensive to the state, and has been reschools. We cannot estimate their im- garded as an unsuccessful experiment. portance too highly. They will exert a The prisoners have been engaged in vast, perhaps a controlling, influence digging, separating, and preparing iron upon the future prosperity of our coun- ores for the use of the neighboring furtry. Every consideration of prudence, naces. The depressed state of iron patriotism, and benevolence, demands manufactures has lessened the demand that our common-school system should for the ore, and the prices at which it is be encouraged and supported, that the sold. The original plan of the prison employment of competent teachers may contemplated the erection of the necesbe secured. This could be done by giv- sary works for making iron, and manuing them a just compensation for their facturing it into some of its ruder forms. services, and by a proper appreciation, The legislature, at its last session, made on the part of the legislature and the an appropriation for furnaces for smeltpublic, of the dignity and value of their ing and manufacturing iron. These are labors. not yet completed, but they will soon be finished, at a cost not exceeding the From Foreign Ports. amount appropriated. The inspector in charge of the prison is confident that when the establishment From California.... Total . ...310.335 12,158 322,493 Number of passengers for the last 1841 1844 1846 57,337 1847. 100,110 74,949 1848. ..191,909 46,302 1849. 221,799 61.002 1850. 226,287 82,960 1851. 299,081 .310,335 ..115,230 1852. is completed, according to its original thirteen years: Arrivals at New-York of vessels from foreign ports, together with the number of passengers arrived, for the year ending December 31, inclusive: for: January.. 2,419,296.. 26,693.. 358,244.. 2,898,058 Total. February. 3,352,943.. 93,932.. 322,272.. 3,551,543 611,994 March... 4,313,245..100,557.. 357,230.. 4,244,044.. 67,719. 353,262.. 200,266 4,249,924..106,818.. 545,973.. 1,834,893 3,566,369..125.500.. 482,594.. 3,556,355 2,971,499 2,965,542.. 20,759.. 325,732 2,340,820.. 46,464.. 220,978.. 2,935,833 3,289,429..128,184.. 317,888.. 2,122,495 .... April October.. 3,497,874.. 82,886.. 484,801.. 2,452,301 809,813 3,529,447.. 27,634.. 541,296 19 Dec...... 2,947,848.. 54,805.. 518,352.. 1,180,305 Total..40,716,781..881,951..4,828,622..25,096,255 Monthly Summary of Importations for 1852. Dutiable Duties and Neapolitan. 1.. 3.. Prussian 2.. 18.. 14.. 34 4 4 6.. Free Goods. Specie, &c. 8,584,311.. 2,126,586 7,024,952.. 1,747,468 9,302,034.. 2,237,931 8,410,448 . 2,077,291 Italian 2.. 7.. 9 May June 2 July 789,046.. 380,584.. 1,062,947.. 429,747.. 915,154.. 150,067.. 11,453,117.. 2,876,319 56,907.. 13,711,421. 3,434,325 6,096,996.. 1,464,107 7,626,181.. 1,915,577 1.. Sept. 834,343.. 66,789.. 11,095,827. 2,691,064 14.. 23 Oct. 215,143.. 62,690.. 7,775,614.. 1,921,878 1.. 1 Νον. 891,382.. 80,766.. 7.167,851.. 1,692,034 Hanoverian.. Brazilian.. Bavarian 3..-. 829,147.. 112,815.. 8,421,669.2,357,649 $12,105,352..2,408,615..106,670,411..26,542,229 1 Of which the following are some of the Total.........206.956 .860..1253..544.3,228 principal articles : The whole number of passengers rived during the same period: 4 Dec. Vessels-Passengers—Imports and Exports, &c. Summary of Imports. Mdse. Warehoused during 1852. Months. Dutiable. Jan Feb.... March April May.. June.. July August Sept.... Oct Nov.... Dec..... Duties. 955,880 539 1,923,929 The average length of each of 25 voy3,580,838 ages from Liverpool to New-York, of the. 1,683,554 CUNARD ships, was 12 days, 11 hours and 8,926,690 36 minutes. 6,398,104 703,387 The shortest passage was made by the 3,045,320 Arctic, in February, when she went out to Liverpool in 9 days, 17 hours, and 10 2,183,047 Mdse, withdrawn from Dutiable. 1,003,383.. 230,793.. 1,788,977.. 639,229 Dunes. $1,281,594. 355,690.. 1,584,652. 472,591 916,519. 241,399.. 1,605,849.. 491,949 732,422.. 203,413.. 1,255,429.. 419,548 553,109.. 124,659.. 1,380,371.. 477,824 640,722.. 170,106.. 911,479.. 314,855 minutes. The longest passage was made by the Niagara in the same month, when she put into Halifax on her way to NewYork, making the voyage in 20 days, 16 hours, and 20 minutes. The shortest passage by a CUNARD ship was the Asia's, in August, when 423,919.. 110,901.. 1,095,800 363,452 she reached New-York in 10 days, 4 466,962. 128,293.. 1,329,991.. 448,797 hours, and 52 minutes. 623,263.. 164,312.. 1,254,358.. 462.774 594,426.. 169,531.. 1,256,570.. 466,727 596,068.. 167,445.. 1,047,972.. 358,109 935,257.. 242,223.. 903,841.. 329,245 Total..$8,667,641..3,308,965.. 15,415,289..5,145,099 Specie and Gold Dust entered at New-York by California steamers for 1852, exclusive of passengers. October November. December Total.. 1843.. 4,601,346 The average length of each of 23 voyages from New-York to Liverpool, of the COLLINS Ships, was 10 days, 19 hours, and 1850. 14 minutes. 1851. 2,081,590.. 2,755,593 2,268.662....1,362,319 3,634,942....2,869,810....1,744,283 3,252,184. 2,796,230.. 1,447,905 3,268,226....2,894,732. 1,579,946 3,273,899. ..3,076,617.. .2 033,668 3,329,787.. .3,582,733....1,977,151 Value of the Total Movement. 1837 1838. 1839. 1842. 1841.. 1843. 55,809,228 1845 Value of Imports at the Ports of Boston, New-York, Philadelphia, and Ballimore. |