Millais, Sir John Everett (1829-1896), one of the most accomplished and refined painters of our time, was born at Southampton. He was elected President of the Royal Academy on the death of Lord Leighton. INVENTORS, ETC. Hill, Rowland (1795-1879), the originator of the " penny post system. Cooke, W. Fothergill (1805-1879), a retired Indian officer of some mechanical genius, and Wheatstone, Charles (1802-1875), Professor of King's College, London, were the joint inventors of the Electric Telegraph (1845). The first submarine telegraph was laid down in 1851 from Dover to Calais, and the gigantic enterprise of laying a cable across the Atlantic was successfully accomplished in 1866. Το Brunel, Isambard K. (1805-1859), was one of the greatest engineers of his day. He was the engineer of the Great Western Railway, and the strenuous supporter of what is called the "Broad Gauge" of Railway, which, however, has been superseded by the "Narrow Gauge.' him is owing the introduction and adoption of the screw as a propelling power in the place of the paddle-wheel. He also designed the magnificent steamship called the Great Eastern. Faraday, Michael (1791-1867), born at Newington, Surrey, a distinguished chemist and natural philosopher. Kelvin, Lord, Huxley, and Tyndall, leaders in the great Scientific Revolution. Edison, Thomas Alva, was born in Ohio, U.S. A., in 1847. He is one of the greatest of living electricians, and has patented no less than four hundred inventions in connection with the electrical science, the phonograph being one. Röntgen, Professor, is of Dutch extraction. He is the discoverer of the famous Röntgen Rays. Lister, Lord, was born in 1827. He was led by Pasteur's researches to discover the antiseptic method in surgery, i.e. using carbolic acid so as to keep wounds free from microbes, and "in this way he made surgery scientific." He was created a Baron in 1897. Livingstone, David (1817-1873), a famous African explorer, discovered the Victoria Falls on the Zambesi, and Lake Nyassa. Stanley, H. M., the renowned African traveller, was born at Denbigh in 1841, and became reporter on the New York Herald in the American Civil War. In 1871 he found Livingstone, and afterwards crossed the Continent of Africa from Zanzibar to the Congo. His best known work is In Darkest Africa. Speke, Captain (1827–1864), an Indian officer, and Baker, Sir Samuel, two famous African explorers; the former discovered Victoria Nyanza, the latter Albert Nyanza. Adullamites, 223 Athlone, capture of, 13 Aughrim, battle of, 13 Australian colonies, 225 Austerlitz, battle of, 146 Austrian Succession, war of, 71 Afghanistan, war with, first, 201; second, Badajos, storming of, 153 Almenara, battle of, 38 America, war with, 155 American civil war, 220 colonies, quarrel with, 104 Stamp Act, 103; repealed, 106 Amherst, General, 89 Arkwright, Sir Richard, 123, 280 Army, reduction of, 23 Purchase, Abolition of, 228 Arnold, General, 114 Ashantee war, first, 179; second, 229 Ashbourne's, Lord, Act, 238 Assassination Plot, 21 Assaye, battle of, 122 Assiento, the, 41 Baker, Major, 11 Sir Samuel, 289 Balaclava, battle of, 212 Balmerino, Lord, 76 Bank of England established, 19 Barclay, Sir George, 22, 262 Bedford, Duke of, 103 Belleisle, battle off, 77 Bentinck, William, 5 - Hole of Calcutta, 86 Blucher, Marshal, 157 Board of Control, 121 Bolingbroke, Henry St. John, Viscount, 40, Bologne, 143 Bulgarian atrocities, 231 Burke, Edmund, Burmese war, 179 119, 126, 166, 274 Burnet, Bishop of Salisbury, 261 Burnes, Sir Alexander, 201 Burns, Robert, 278 Busaco, battle of, 153 Bute, John Stuart, Lord, 101, 272 Byng, Admiral Sir George, 55, 271 John, 79, 271 Cabul, retreat from, 201 Cairo, Convention of, 136 Calendar, reform in, 92 Campbell, Sir Archibald, 179 Sir Colin (Lord Clive), 217, 286 Camperdown, battle of, 132 Canning, George, 152, 171, 282 Cardigan, Lord, 213 Carlyle, Thomas, 287 Carnot, President, 243 Caroline of Brunswick, trial of, 170 Castlebar, 141 Cato Street conspiracy, 169 Cawnpore, massacre of, 217 Charles, Archduke of Austria, 25 Charter, the People's, 196 Chatham, Earl of. See Pitt Chesterfield, Lord, 67, 106 Churchill, John. See Marlborough Clare Election, the, 175 Cobbett, William, 162, 280 Colborne, Sir J., 196 Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 278 Colonial Empire, extension of, 225 Comprehension Bill, 6 Compton, Sir Spencer, 65 Concord, 110 Congress at New York, 10 -, General, at Philadelphia, 110 Convention, proceedings of, 3 -, Captain, 280 Coomassie, expedition to, 245 Cotton famine in Lancashire, 222 County Councils, 241 Coup d'Etat, or Massacre of Dec. 2, 210 Craftsman, the, 62 Craggs, 59 Crefeld, battle of, 83 Crompton, Samuel 123, 283 Cumberland, Duke of, 269 Cutts, General, 17 Galway, Earl of, 38 Dundee, Viscount (John Graham of Claver- Garibaldi, 220 Dubba, battle of, 203 Dubois, Abbé, 55 Dumouriez, 127 house), 8, 261 Garrick, David, 279 Gatton, 100 General Warrants, 106 George I., character of, 50 II., character of, 65 III., character of, 98; his political views, 99 Ghent, capture of, 36 Gibbon, Edward, 279 Gibraltar, capture of, 37; siege of, 116 Ginkel (Lord Athlone), 13, 260 Gladstone, the Right Honourable William Glencoe, massacre of, 8 Goderich, Lord, 174 Godolphin, Sidney, Lord, 5, 259 Goldsmith, Oliver, 278 Gordon, Lord George, 160 General, 236, 286 Gough, Sir Hugh, 203, 208 Grafton, Duke of, 272 Graham, John, of Claverhouse. See Dun- dee La Hogue, battle of, 15 Labourers' Dwellings Act, Cross's, 230 Land League, Irish, 234 Leuthen, battle of, 81 Lexington, skirmish at, 110 Liberal Unionists. 239 Lichfield House Compact, 189 Ligny, battle of, 157 Lille, siege of, 36 Lincoln, Abraham, 220 Liverpool, Lord, 154, 274, :--and Manchester Railway, 191 Livingstone, David, 288 Locke, John, 20, 261 Luneville Treaty of, 135 Luttrell, Colonel, 108 Luxembourg, Marshal, 17 Lyndhurst, Lord, 184 Lytton, Lord, 287 Macadam, 191 Jellalabad, 202 Jena, battle of, 147 Jenkins' Ear War, 69 Jenner, Dr. Edward, 280 32 Jennings, Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough, Macarthy, Sir Charles, 179 Macaulay, Zachary, 161 Jervis, Admiral, 130 Lord, 287 |