to be seen from the street. Taking the street railway car at Second street, we ride down to Christian street, then walk down to Swanson street, and turbing to the right a few steps brings us to "Gloria Dei," better known as "the old Swedes' Church," built in 1699; the engraving shows the western front, and, passing into the "Graveyard,' we find the only noticeable change is in the increased number of " grave-stones;" OLD PINE STREET CHURCH IN 1876. "GLORIA DEI," OLD SWEDES' CHURCH IN 1700. among the graves around we observe the tomb of Alexander Wilson, "the Ornithologist." The next point of interest which attracts us is the old associate of Christ Church, St. Peter's Church, at the corner of Third and Pine streets; but we defer speaking of it till our next, and pass on up Pine street one square, to the Third Presbyterian Church, "Old Pine Street Church," as it is affectionately called, which, as an inscription on its front advises us, was "Founded in 1768;" our two engravings show the present and the past appearance of this old church; in the "Graveyard," conspicuous among the noted names we find that of David Rittenhouse. Not far from here is the First Presbyterian Church; though not a "Centennial" building, it arrests our steps a moment by its plain and simple beauty, and as we see the street railway passing along Seventh street, we cannot but recall the fact that some of the strongest inducements to the selection of the site were: "It possesses all the advantages of light and air derived from a corner situation, without the usual disadvantage of noise, and it will be the most quiet situation, because a chain across towards the square and another across Seventh street will prevent any carriages from coming within a square on the northern, eastern or western sides." The "Pennsylvania Hospital" next invites inspection; but of this grand old institution we shall speak hereafter. Its buildings and grounds cover the entire block bounded by Pine, Ninth, Spruce and Eighth streets. A building on the Spruce street side of the grounds is occupied by "the Historical Society of Pennsylvania," and among its many wellchosen volumes, its rare and precious curiosities and relics of the olden time, and its choice portraits, visitors can spend many profitable hours; the rooms are open from 10 o'clock A.M. to 10 P.M. every weekday, and all are welcome. There are many other edifices which no visitor to the city must fail to see; for instance, the libraries, including the venerable Philadelphia Library, and the schools, for which our city is famous; but we defer these for the present, and follow the fashion by going out with the human tide which already daily flows towards the Fairmount Park. The cars of the several street railway lines which run "direct to the Centennial Grounds" are so thronged, that we take a less direct route, which offers the temptation of a walk through a most interesting portion of the noble Park. Leaving the alluring rooms of the Historical Society, we walk a half square to Eighth street, and enter a Green street and. Fairmount Avenue car, or walk a half square to Ninth street, and enter a Fairmount car of the Union Line-either of these bears us to the historic Lemon Hill, whereon stood the mansion of Robert Morris, the great and good PatriotFinancier of the United States in its earlier days, whose ethics were of the antique sort which led him to give of his own for the public weal rather than take of the public's for his own weal-indeed, to tell the truth, at the time when he managed the National ExTHE THIRD PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, WASHINGTON SQUARE chequer those were the only ethics which were practicable, as the public crib was empty except as he filled it. | walk about amid its still charming scenery, and through s He called his home here "The Hills," and loved its cool, shady, tranquilizing retirement. We cannot tell the story of his remarkable experiences in his suburban home, but as we OLD PINE STREET CHURCH IN 1776. delightful shades, we cannot but recall the joys of his earlier, and the sorrows of his later, days on "The Hills." But the feet of other patriots of our country's heroic age hallowed the soil of this old Hill, welcomed hither as guests by the noble host. The old mansion fittingly passed away soon after the old patriot's troubles culminated in his enforced residence in a far different abode, the "Debtors' Prison," and before he passed from his cross to his crown; but the Hill is still vocal with testimony of the man whose fame made it famous. We can afford space now to speak of but one other of the historic "places" of which the vast Park is made up We cross the elegant and substantial Girard Avenue Bridge, and pass along Belmont Avenue through and beyond the Grounds, and, at the summit of a gently sloping hill, we find the renowned Belmont Mansion, where was born Richard Peters, where he spent a long and useful hfe, and where he died at a ripe old age. The mansion still stands, the main building an changed, except that it has been wilted by being converted into a "Cafe" or Restaurant," and, if we feel so inclined, 44 we may dine in the same building, though not at the same table, where more than a hundred years ago, and until within fifty years, were wont to dine eminent legislators, soldiers, jurists, etc.; we realize that the proverbially hospitable Judge Peters no longer presides, but we find in Mr. Proskauer a genial gentleman and courteous host. But, besides the old Morris and Peters estates, the Park i comprises a number of grand old estates, each of which carries us back in its history and marvelous legends to the early days of the Revolution, and still farther back to the period of the Proprietary Government. Mount Pleasant tells of John Macpherson who built the stately manson, and of his son, who resigned a commission in the British army because "he would never serve against his countrymen," and joined the Continental army on the Hudson in 1779. Though not one of the great military heroes of the War, we are told he "stood high in the confidence of Washington;" in the insurrection of 1794 he orga nized and comVOL VI.-25 manded the "Macphersons's Blues." Mount Pleasant tells us, too, of Benedict Arnold's brief residence here, and of his illustrious successor in the occupancy of the mansion, the gallant Baron Steuben. There were also the celebrated Estates of Rockland, . Fountain Green, Belleville, Ormis ton, etc. We cannot, however, in these brief Memoranda, attempt to tell the marvels of the Fairmount Park, or even to describe its beauties, which no lover of nature will fail to discover for himself. The vast Exhibition will largely engross the attention of visitors to our good old city; but none should go away without exploring the Park in its every part. The hand of man has done little in attempts to enhance the beauties bestowed by nature; indeed, man cannot enhance them, for it is true of our Park, that its "beauty unadorned is adorned the most." "THE HILLS" MANSION OF ROBERT MORRIS ON LEMON HILL IN 1776. terres, garden-beds, lawns, etc., with lakes, fountains, flow ers, and a multitude of decorative ornaments-when we note that no two of the one hundred and sixty edifices withia the enclosure are similar in plan, construction or decorator, we are not surprised at the wonderful beauty of the picture spread out before us. Descending from our elevated stand The Grounds, the Buildings, etc.-Independently of the historic associations with which Fairmount Park abounds, and which enhance its natural features of appropriateness, there is no other place in our extensive country which could possibly be better adapted to the purposes of an International Exposition unrivaled by any that have gone before. No visitor can fail to accord to those who selected the site, fault-point, we pass to a more minute inspection of the building, less judgment, discrimination and sagacity. Taking our stand at the margin of the Belmont or Twentyfourth Ward Reservoir, we have a capital view of the entire and are impressed at every turn with the taste, skill, judgment. and remarkable fitness in every particular of those who har been the active supervisors and directors of the planning or i Centennial Grounds; our engraving of this view purposely exhibits only the Centennial Buildings proper and the United States Government Building-to attempt to show, in a single picture, all the buildings and annexes, would serve to confuse, rather than assist, the beholder; but having the main edifices under our eye, and locating the others by these, the view is of real value, as it affords not only a correct idea of the relative position of the buildings, but at the same time shows the locality of the grounds by presenting a view of the Railroad, the Girard Avenue and the Callowhill Street Bridges, the Fairmount Waterworks, and the city stretching out beyond. carrying out of plans, and of the perfecting of the Exhib in all its details. Our engravings of the five Centennial Buildings proget show them in the following order: page 388, the Main E hibition Building and the Machinery Hall; page 389, the Art Gallery, or Memorial Hall; page 390, Horticultur Hall and Agricultural Hall. We shall not, in speaking of these, describe their respective sites, as the Diagram on this page and the view on the next sufficiently indicate thera. The immense surface extent of the Main Exhalanc Building, covering as it does 1,880 feet in length by 464 in width, imparts to it, in the picture at least, a low, squally The Grounds cover an area enclosed of two hundred and look, which is only removed when we stand beside it so thirty-six acres; there are thirteen entrances to the enclosure., The ground is almost covered with buildings, the intervening spaces being handsomely laid off in walks, terraces, par look up at its altitude. The central dome is 120 feet sqar at the base, and, springing on iron trusses of neat and gracef design, rises to a height at its apex of 96 feet above the pave ment. This dome is flanked by four towers, each rising from a base 48 feet square, to a height of 120 feet. At each corner of the building there is a tower rising 72 feet to a level with the main roof. There are, in all, 672 columns supporting the immense expanse of roof; they stand at an average distance of 22 feet apart, upon substantial foundations of solid masonry; they are of rolled iron, bolted together in segments. The nave is 1,831 feet long by 102 wide, with two side avenues each 100 feet wide, and two aisles each 48 feet wide. The transept, intersecting the nave stand the vast extent of the struc ture, and can study its interior arrangement and its decorations without our going more into the details. This Building is devoted to the following exhibits: Departr.ent I. Mining and Metallurgy, comprising Classes 100-109, Minerals, Ores, Stone, Mining Products; 110-119, Metallurgical Products; 120-129, Mining Engineering. Department II. Manufactures, comprising Classes 200-205, Chemical Manufactures; 206-216, Ceramics, Porcelain, Pottery, Glass, etc.; 217-227, Furniture, etc.; 228-234, Yarns and Woven Goods of Vegetable or Mineral Materials; 235-241, |