plying a channel beneath that roof to conduct the liquid arising from that condensation into the ultimate condenser. When steam is used, the vessels or stills may be made of metal, wood, brick, stone, slate, or of any other substance or substances capable, or made capable, of containing the liquid to be distilled, and of resisting the action of steam. The mode of drying coffee and sugar consists in exposing those substances to the action of air, raised to the necessary degree of heat, by passing over or in contact with a body or bodies heated by steam. If therefore any space or receptacle, admitting and discharging occasionally the external air, be allotted for drying coffee or sugar, and that space or receptacle be heated by the access of steam, so that none of the steam shall come into contact with either of those substances, that construction of an apparatus will produce the effect that I mean to describe as my invention. Figs. 7, 8, 9, shew what I consider to be the most convenient and expeditious mode of effecting this purpose. This apparatus may be applied to the drying of other substances, such as grain, gunpowder, &c. &c. In witness whereof, &c. REFERENCES TO PLATE I. Fig. 1, longitudinal section of the boiler, stills, and refrigeratory. Fig. 2, plan of the boiler and stills. Fig. 3, transverse section of the stills No. 1 and 2, and refrigeratory. Fig. 4, section of two round stills, one placed upon the other. Fig. 5, plan of the round stills. A, boiler for water. B, fire. C, flue. D, wash-stills. E, low wine still, or in Fig. 4 low wine still, or a preparatory wash still, or a refrigeratory. F, rectifying still. G, refrigeratory. H, cistern for supplying A. i, main steam pipe. k, branches, one to each still. 7, a shelf or gutter to collect and convey to the ultimate condenser what is produced from internal condensation. m, spaces in the shelf. n, roofs extending over the spaces. o, manholes. p, charging pipes. 4, passage to the ultimate condenser. r, locks to regulate the admission of steam. Fig. 6, A, water heated by fire. B, C, subjects to be distilled. Fig. 7, longitudinal section of the coffee-heater. Fig. 9, plan. a, box, trunk, or chamber. b, c, entrance and exit for steam. d, cavities for steam, constructed of metal, quite steam-tight. e, aperture for the admis on of air, and discharge of the cylinders. ƒ, aperture for the escape of air. g, cylinder to receive the substance to be dried. h, space for warm air. i, regulator of air admitted. Operation. Steam from a closed-boiler being introduced through b, fills the cavities, and passes off through c, and in its passage warms the air contained in h, supplied through e, and discharged through f; by the revolution of the cylinder placed in the current of air thus warmed, the substances within it are dried. Specification Specification of the Patent granted to ROBERT BEatson, of Kilrie, in the County of Fife, North Britain, Esquire, late of His Majesty's Corps of Royal Engineers; for his improved Method of applying the Power of Wind and Water to horizontal Mills, and the same Principle to other Purposes. Dated October 31, 1797. With a Plate. To all to whom these presents shall come, &c. Now KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I the said Robert Beatson do hereby declare that my said invention of an improved method of applying the power of wind and water to horizontal mills, and the same principle to other purposes, principally depends on a peculiar method of constructing and disposing those surfaces upon which wind, water, air, or any other fluid shall act; by which means, and by opposing alternately a resisting and a non-resisting surface, their whole force or impulse acts in a direct manner upon the resisting side of a wheel, vane, sail, or other surface, in proportion to its extent; and when the non-resisting side is returning against, or opposed to, either of these powers, there is very little resistance, however large the original opposing surface may be. And vice versa, when such surface, constructed upon these principles, is required to act against any fluid, the resistance will be considerable on the one side, and very small on the other. When applied to horizontal windmills, the power of those mills, even with the same quantity of sail or acting surface, may be increased or diminished as shall be required; and upon this principle windmills may be constructed in any form of building, or in the same form of buildings as at present, and the same principle may be applied to several other |