Specification of the Patent granted to HENRY GARDiner, of the City of Norwich, Corn-Merchant; for a Method of preventing all Sorts of Corn and Seeds, and various other Merchandize, from receiving Damage by Heat on board Ships and in Warehouses; and of improving all such Corn, Seeds, and other Merchandize, as may have received Damage by Heat or otherwise, and rendering the Corn and Seeds so damaged much sweeter, and more fit for the Sustenance of Man and other Animals, and for the Purpose of Vegetation. Dated April 15, 1802.

With a Plate.

To all to whom these presents shall come, &c.

Now KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I the said Henry Gardiner do hereby declare, that my said invention is described in the annexed drawing, and the following descriptions thereof; that is to say: First, VOL. II.-SECOND SERIES. Ii

for

for preserving corn on board ships, in any part of a ship most convenient, fix an air-pump, which is to be made as follows,

Fig. 1, (Plate XI.) A, represents a cylinder, made of lead, with a projecting rim at top and bottom, under which are collars of iron.

Fig. 2, B, an iron plate, to be screwed to the projecting rim at the top of the cylinder, and having a collar of woollen cloth to make it air-tight. a, a hole in the centre of the plate, through which the piston-rod passes. b, a circular box, on the top of the plate, in which are collars of leather, screwed down by a brass nut, so as to make the piston-rod air-tight as it moves up and down, c, a valve of leather, covered with woollen cloth, fixed on the inside of the plate, and opening downwards, to admit air into the cylinder on the descent of the piston, d, a small spring, on the outside of the plate, to assist the return of the valve when the piston rises. e, a valve, fixed on the outside of the plate, and opening upwards.

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Fig. 3, C, an iron plate, to be screwed to the projecting rim at the bottom of the cylinder, having a woollen collar as at Fig. 2, ƒ, a valve on the inside of the plate, the same as c, Fig. 2, but opening upwards, to admit air into the cylinder on the ascent of the piston. g, a valve on the outside of the plate, but opening downwards, having a small spring for the same purpose as d, Fig. 2.

Fig. 4, D, a piston. h, an iron plate, to which two cup leathers are screwed, and made to exactly fit the inside of the cylinder, and into which one end of the piston-rod is fixed. k and n, a piston-rod in two parts. m, a brass cross, having an iron bolt through it horizontally, and into which one end of the piston-rods k and n are screwed.

Fig. 5, E, a receiver, made of lead, having a circular end or pipe G, the end r of which is to be screwed to the iron plate, Fig. 3, over the valve g.

Fig. 6, F, a circular pipe, also of lead, similar to G; one end of which is to be screwed to the iron plate, Fig. 2, over the valve e, the other end being screwed to the end o of the receiver.

Fig. 7 is a front view of the air-pump or machine for forcing air into ships, fixed in a wood frame.

Fig. 8 is a side view of the same machine.

References to Figs. 7 and 8, viz. a, a wheel; b, a pinion, or small wheel; c, the crank, by which the machine is worked, and which is made to fix on and take off at pleasure; dd, a double crank, on one end of which the wheel a is fixed; e, e, two levers, loaded with lead, as counterbalances to the crank; f, a clasp-rod, one end of which receives the double crank, and the other ends are fixed to the brass cross m, Fig. 4; g, a bar of iron," having a hole with a collar of leather in the centre, through which the piston-rod passes, and by which it is kept perpendicular; h, h, two iron stays, fastened to the frames, and screwed to the top of the cylinder, to keep it steady; k, k, &c. four iron stays to fasten the cylinder to the bottom of the frame, two in front and two behind, not visible in the plate. The capital letters A B C D EFG have the same reference in all the figures of the plate.

There must be a ventilating-bottom, formed of hollow perforated frames, as about to be described, which should lay a little above the keelson, about eighteen inches from the bottom of the ship; and the width of the ship must be measured at that depth, and the dimensions of the ventilating - bottom determined thereby. The frames should be of a convenient size for two men to lay down