are many excellent literary performances. They are striking evidences of the extent of his reflective exercises, and of the strength of his mental powers. His poetical pieces, as well as his compositions in general, bear witness of his refined understanding, as well as of the goodness of his heart. Some of his literary productions in the English and German languages have from time to time met the public eye. His poetical attempts in the French, and some of the dead languages, were not unsuccessful. In addition to these he had made considerable progress in English versions of some of the Lalin and Greek poets. Many of his compositions however have received the finishing touch of the author; and though a selection for publication has been contemplated, it yet, from various causes, has not been made. But unsearchable is the wisdom, impervious are the designs of the Great and Incomprehensible Jehovah, whose goodness is infinite, but whose ways are past finding out! To blind and erring man it might have seemed, that this accomplished scholar, this pious servant of Christ, was designed for extensive usefulness, and secured to his friends and to the church a fair and deceitful prospect of length of days. Yet God, in his unfathomable providence, had otherwise determined. Few had been the years of this precious youth, when the eternal Father called him to receive his crown. Being seized with a fever, which seemed in its ravages to defy all the powers of the healing art, Mr. S. was conscious of his approaching dissolution,-he looked towards it with the placid mien, and calm resignation of a Christian. He panted for the inheritance of the saints in light. Without a murmur, he desired that mortality might be swallowed up of life," that he might "be with Christ, which is far better." Extending towards heaven his enfeebled arms, and exclaiming with a voice in which his whole soul appeared to give utterance :—I call to my God-I die-I am ready.-He breathed his last, on the 30th of January, 1815, in the 25th year of his age! No sorrow drown'd his lifted eyes, He left a widow, and an infant son. On the first day of February, the mor1 frame of the deceased was entombed in the Lutheran Church in Hagerstown. The earth which encloses his lifeless remains was bedewed with the tears of thousands, for he was universally respected and beloved. On this melancholy occasion, the Rev. Mr. Moller, of Chambersburg, delivered an appropriate and pathetic discourse upon the passage in Hebr. 13. 7. Remember them which have the rule over you, who have spoken unto you the word of God: whose faith follow, considering the end of their conversation. His elucidation was excellent, and his exhortation emphatic. He spoke comfort, though grief frequently impeded his utterance. The bitterness of the cup which bemoaning relatives and sorrowing friends were thus compelled to drink, was allayed by the sweets of that holy and cheering religion which they profess. Theirs was the rich, and Christian comfort, that they sorrow not as those who have no hope. They know that the lamented youth, who fell asleep, had lived as a Christian, and died in the peace of a faithful candidate for immortal life. Ere a fatal disorder laid hold of Mr. Array'd in glorious grace, In the realms of eternal delight, many will appear as the witnesses of his ardent zeal, of his glowing earnestness, of his unfeigned fidelity; and will be his crown of rejoicing in the presence of the great Shepherd and Bishop of their souls, for having been instrumental in leading them to be reconciled to God, and preparing them through faith and patience to inherit the promises. The subject of the preceding memoir, was a brother to the Rev. T. C. Schaeffer, Pastor of the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation in this city,-and to Mr. F. G. Schaeffer, of the house of Schaeffer & Maund, booksellers, Baltimore. ART. 8. TRANSACTIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE. HE Annual Commencement of this Institution, took place on the 27th of TH August. The following young gentlemen received the degree of A.B.; Silas Allen, George Bancroft, Apollos D. Bates, Ira T. H. Blanchard, Daniel H. Brailsford, Samuel Brimblecom, George S. Bulfinch, Sewell Carter, Thomas Carter, Jacob Chapin, David L. Child, Jona H. Cobb, Peter Collin Coggeshall, Joseph Coolidge, Penuel Corbet, Asa Cummings, Caleb Cushing, Samuel A. Eliot, George Emerson, Moses K. Emerson, Richard Farwell, Edwin Fay, Benjamin Fessenden, James D. Green, John O. Green, Samuel Hart, William S. Hastings, Daniel G. Hatch, Frederick Hobbs, Henby H. Huggeford, Francis Jenks, Joseph H. Jones, Edward A. Lummus, Samuel G. May, Clough A. Miles, Sylvanus L. Mitchell, Horatio Newhall, Richard G. Parker, John L. Payson, Baxter Perry, Henry Prentiss, Caleb Reed, Micajah Rogers, Stephen Salisbury, Wm. F. W. Sargent, Robert Schuyler, James W. Sever, Samuel E. Sewall, Oliver Sheafe, Wm. Smith, Samuel P. Spear, John P. Spooner, Thomas R. Sullivan, Thomas Thompson, Edward A. H. Turner, Stephen H. Tyng, Robert F. Walcutt, Lynde M. Walter, Geo. G. Warren, Benj. Waterhouse, John D. Wells, Aaron White, Paul Willard, Francis W. Winthrop, Alva Woods, Jotham B. Wright 67. The following gentlemen were admitted to the degree of Master of Arts, in course. John Allyn, Andrew Bigelow, Francis Arthur Blake, Samuel Dexter Bradford, Gamaliel Bradford, Martin Brimmer, Gorham Brooks, Thomas Bulfinch, John Ingalls Carlton, Isaac Eames Cobb, William Amory Codman, Ephraim May Cunningham, John Call Dalton, Waldo Elint, Ebenezer Gay, Thomas Russell Gerry, Benjamin Apthorp Gould, Wil liam Parkinson Green, Francis William Pitt Greenwood, Ebenezer Hobbs, Samuel Johnson, Alva Lamson, Jairus Lin coln, John Wendell Mellen, Pliny Merrick, Arthur Middleton, Joseph Pierce Nichols, Isaac Osgood, Adolphus Frederick Packard, Thomas Walley Philips, Jonathan Porter, Aaron Prescott, William Hickling Prescott, Charles Samuel Putnam, Francis Dallas Quash, John Gray Rogers, Edward Sprague Swett, John Thaxter, James Walker, John Walsh, Thos. Wetmore, George Wheaton, Martin Whiting, Charles Wild-44. Admitted out of Course. To the degree of Bachelor of ArtsJohn Emerson and Samuel Green, of the Class of 1816. To the degree of Master of ArtsIsaac Sparhawk Gardener, 1800, A.B. 1816-Simeon Putnam, A. B. 1811-Nathaniel Whitworth White, A. B. 1812— Winslow Warren, A. B. 1813-John West, A. B. 1813-Samuel Bacon, 1808, A. B. 1816. Admitted ad Eundem. Samuel M. Burnside, A. M. Dartmouth College, 1808-John Parker Boyd Storer, A. M. Bowdoin College, 1815-Alfred Bixby, A. B. Union College, 1817. The degree of Doctor of Medicine was conferred in course, as follows:On Alfred Baylies-John Ingalls Carlton, A. M.--Frederick Cushing, A. B. Ebenezer Hobbs, A. M.-Samuel Johnson, A. M.-Amos Nurse, A. M.-Seth Washburn, and on James Barr, of the Medical Class of 1816. The Honorary Degree of Doctor in Medicine on Francis Vergnes. The Degree of Doctor of Laws was conferred on His Excellency John Brooks, and the Hon. Jeremiah Mason, of N. Hampshire. The degree of Doctor in Divinity was, conferred on the Rev. Nathaniel Thayer, and the Rev. Daniel Chaplin. YALE COLLEGE. The Annual Commencement of Yale College (New-Haven,) was celebrated on the 10th ult. The following young gentlemen, alumni of the college, were admitted to the degree of Bachelor of Arts: Augustus Alden, Ebenezer, Andrews, Ebenezer Bailey, John Beard, John P. Beers, Ebenezer Blackman, Nehemiah Brown, Chauncey Bulkley, Augustus L. Chapin, George Chase, R. John Cheseborough, Willard Child, Smith Clark, William L. Clark, Lyman Coleman, William H. Delancey, Baxter Dickinson, Joseph W. Edmiston, Joseph Fowler, William C. Gay, C. Champion Gilbert, John Grammer, Jared Griswold, J. P. Hall, William B. Hart, Robert Hartshorne, Isaac A. Hawley, Loammi I. Hoadly, Anson Hubbard, Rufus Huntington, Samuel Ingersoll, Joel Jones, James H. Linsley, Peter Lockwood, David N. Lord, Wyllys Lyman, George Marvin, James F. Mason, Charles J. M'Curdy, Sam'l. H. Mead, Abraham Ogden, Thomas B. Osborne, Benjamin E. Payne, Robert B. Patton, Samuel Perhins, Horace S. Pratt, Jared Reid, Samuel Robinson, Edward Rutledge, Jonathan Silliman, Nathan R. Smith, Rufus F. Spalding, Lewis R. Starr, William B. Stilson, Roswell Stone, Edward Taylor, William U. Titus, Richard Warner, Thomas T. Whittlesey, Edmund Wilkins, Robt. W. Withers.-64. The following gentlemen, alumni of the college, were admitted to the degree of Master of Arts in course. Elisha Averill, Charles W. Capers, Henry D. Chapin, Donald Chester, William B. Calhoun, John Dickson, Samuel H. Dickson, Theodore Dwight, Charles B. Goddard, Ralph W. Gridley, Charles Jesup, John R. Kane, John Law, Joshua Leavitt, Whitman Mead, Ebenezer Munger, David L. Ogden, Abraham T. Rose, George E. Spruill, William L. Storrs, Joseph P. Taylor, Cornelius Tuthill, Nathaniel S. Wheaton.-23. The following gentlemen, alumni of the College, were admitted to the degree of Master of Arts out of course. William Shelton, 1788, Asa Chapman, 1892, John Gadsden, 1804, Hezekiah Chaffee, Hezekiah Sanford, 1809, Eleazer T. Fitch, Hervey Talcott, 1810, Henry Robinson, 1811, Solomon Brown, 1812, John Avery, Thomas Devereux, Joy H. Fairchild, Charles Hawley, David L. Hunn, Reuben Sherwood, William C. Woosley, 1813. Ezra Fisk and Elisha P. Swift of Wil liams' College, and Hart Talcott of Darimouth College, were likewise admitted to the degree of Master of Arts, The honorary degrees of Master of Arts were conferred on Samuel R. Andrews, the Rev. Harry Croswell, of NewHaven; the Rev. Israel Day of Killingly, the Hon. Wm. C. Bradley of Vermont. the Hon. Henry Chapion, and Gen. Joseph G. Swift, of the United States Military Academy at West Point. The degree of Doctor of Divinity was conferred on the Rev. Benoni Upson of Berlin, and the degree of Dr. of Laws on the Hon. Jonathan Ingerroll, Lieutenant Governor, and the Hon. Zephaniah Swift, Chief Judge of the Superior Court of the State of Connecticut. The degree of Dr. of Medicine was conferred on the following gentlemen, alumni of the Medical Institution-Nehemiah Cutler, George Hooker, David S. Edwards, Melines G. Leavenworth, Charles Miller, and Ellice Murdack. The honorary degree of Dr. of Medicine, on the recommendation of the Medical Society, was conferred on William Shelton, Philemon Tracy, Simeon Field, and Penuel Hutchins. DARTMOUTH COLLEGE. The Annual Commencement of Dartmouth College, (Hanover) was celebrated on the 22d of August. The degree of Bachelor of Arts was conferred on the following young gentle men-John Adams, Silas Blaisdell, John Boardman, Mantin Brainard, Abel Caldwell, Carlton Chase, Elias Cobb, Jonathan P. Cushing, Henry W. F. Davis, Benjamin Door, Thos. W. Duncan, John Dunklee, Amassa Edes, Nathan Fisk, William Godell, Adam Gordon, Charles F. Gove, James Howe, Benj Huntoon, James Marsh, David Page, Truman Perrin, Henry Safford, Ichabod Sargent, Michael B. Sargent, Jacob Scales, Marshall Shedd, Henry Smith, John Smith, Lemuel Smith, Lyndon A. Smith, Daniel Temple, Zebina Thayer Francis Vose, Artemas Wheeler, Leon ard Wilcox, Benjamin Woodbury, Ebenezer Woodward, and Moses Whitney.--$9. The following gentlemen were admitted to the degree of Master of Arts. In course-Ebenezer Bowditch__Caldwell, Horace Hatch, George Kent, Rufus Nutting, Ebenezer Perkins, Joseph Tracy, Samuel Israel Wells. Out of course.~ Asa Keyes, A. B. 1810, James M'Keen Wilkins, A. B. 1312, Joseph Barlow Felt, A. B. 1813.-Benjamin Chase, A. B Middlebury, 1814, and Erastus Root, A. B. Burlington, 1814, were admitted to the degree of Master of Arts.-12. The following gentlemen received the degree of Doctor in Medicine; Henry Bond, A. M. 1816, Isaac Colby, Horace Hatch, A. M. John Poole, Rebulon Rood, Erastus Root, A. M. John Witherspoon Scott, Asa Story, Thomas Wells, John Wheeler, Charles Woodward Wilder. 11. Honorary Degree-The degree of Master of Arts was conferred on Professor Hosea Hildrith, of Exeter Academy, A. D. Harv. 1805. The degree of Doctor in Medicine was conferred on Dr. James Harvey Pierpont of Portsmouth, and Dr. Matthias Spaulding of Amherst, N. H. and the degree of Doctor of Laws on James Monroe, President of the United States. BOWDOIN COLLEGE. The Annual Commencement of Bowdoin College, (Brunswick,) was celebrat'ed on the 3d uit. Bachelor of Arts.-Ebenezer Cheever, Nathan Cummings, Samuel Johnson, James M'Keen, Joseph Green Eoody, Charles Packard, Phineas Pratt and John Widgery. Master of Arts.-Robert Page, Henry Smith, James Bowdoin, Charles N. Coggswell, John A. Douglass, Charles Dummer, Stephen Emery, John Eveleth, Samuel Hales and William H. Hilton, The degree of Doctor of Laws was conferred on the Hon. Samuel S. Wilde. An honorary degree of Master of Arts was conferred on Simon Greenleaf, Esq. The degree of Bachelor of Arts was conferred on Henry Robinson, A. B. Yale College, Charles Briggs, A. B. Harvard University, Dudley Atkins, A. B. Harvard University. esophagus, details in illustration, the particulars of two interesting cases of this disease, as they have recently fallen under his notice. Dr. Hosack also laid before the Society a paper from Mr. C. A. Busby, architect, giving an account of a recent invention of his, intended to assist artists and amateurs in taking accurate perspective views, and called, from its small dimensions and particular use, the Pocket Perspectograph. It consists of a square tube two inches long, and three quarters of an inch across internally; closed at one end, except a puncture, and divided into twenty-five squares, with a piece of silk thread at the other extremity. The method of taking views with this little instrument, is by applying the closed end to the eye, and looking through the puncture (which is placed in one of the angles) when the objects to be delineated are distinctly seen through the squares at the opposite end. The particular intersections being noticed, are easily tranferred to paper, divided into squares of any dimensions. All the care necessary in using this Pocket Perspectograph, is to direct the angle of the tube, corresponding with the puncture constantly to the point of sight in the scenery before the orbit; and as it manifestly takes in but one fourth of a view at one and the same moment, it must be turned in four directions to complete a drawing in doing which, it will perform one revolution about the above-mentioned angle. The instrument, Mr. Busby observes, might take in a complete view, at once, by making it an inch and half in diame ter, dividing it into one hundred squares, and placing the puncture in the centre of the closed end. But he had found, experimentally, the present form to be preferable. It admits of being more LITERARY AND PHILOSOPHICAL SO- easily directed to the point of sight, and CIETY OF NEW YORK. Sitting of September, 1817. The Vice President, Dr. Hosack, laid before the Society, a communication in the form of a letter, which he had received from Colin Chisholm, M. D. F. R. s. an honorary member of this association, dated Bristol, October 25th, 1815. In this communication Dr. Chisholm offers remarks upon the cases of morbid anatomy, read before this society, in June 1815, by Dr. Francis, and published in its Transactions; and while Dr. C. expresses his entire assent to the physiological and pathological views given by Dr. Francis, as to the formation of strictures of the the intersections of objects are more readily noted when the number of squares does not exceed twenty-four. Mr. Busby also presented a machine invented by himself, since his arrival in this country, with which any one, if ignorant of perspective, may take correct views of the most complicated objects. This invention is quite simple in its construction and operation, but nevertheless, is not of a nature to be satisfactorily explained without a diagram. The apparatus is portable, its weight being about. two pounds. Mr. Busby produced views of several public buildings in this country, taken by himself with these instru ments, both of which are, at present, lodged in the society's apartments for the inspection of members and their friends. The thanks of the society were voted to the authors of these communications, and the papers referred to the counsel. The society acknowledged the recep tion of several works of importance for their library; of Desaguiliers' Philosophy, 3 vol. 4to. from John Pintard, Esq.; of Busby's Lucretius, 2 vol. 4to. in behalf of the author Dr. Busby Mus. Doct. Cantab. by Dr. Hosack, of Milbert's Picturesque Views of the Isle of France, 3 vol. through the hands of Dr. Mitchill; of Essays on the Sallows, Osiers. 1 vol. 8vo. by Dr. Wade of Dublin, through the hands of Dr. Francis. Resolved, That this Society have received, with the deepest sorrow, the painful intelligence of the death of their revered, and honorary member, the celebrated American Geographer and Historian-the distinguished friend and wellwisher of the United States, CHRISTOPH DANIEL EBELING, late Professor of History in the Gymnasium of Hamburgh. Resolved, That we are highly sensible of this bereavement, and deeply deplore the great loss which this country, as well as Society at large, sustains, in the death of so excellent a man. Resolved, That we hereby express the bigh and grateful veneration in which the New-York Historical Society hold the memory of the late Professor C. D. Ebeling. Resolved, That these resolutions be made public, and that a copy thereof be transmitted to the professors in the Gymnasium of Hamburgh. LYCEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Sitting of August 11. Dr. Mitchill laid on the table a dissertation in the Latin language, published at Gottingen in 1815. The subject is the anatomy of the marsh-snail, or Limnei Stagnalis; and the author Solomon Stiebel of Frankfort on the Maine. It is dedicated to the Austrian Professor Blu menbach; and is an excellent example of zootomy. Dr. Mitchill also placed before the members a copy in the German tongue of the celebrated É. F. F. Chladnis' Essays on Masses of Stone and Iron, fallen to the Earth. It was received from the learned author, illustrated with marginal notes in manuscript. The author first gives the history of metallic stones and iron masses from the days of Livy, Plutarch, and Pliny, those which fell in Daul (India) în 1814; in Langres (France) in 1815, and Glastonbury (England) in 1816. Hethen relates the experiments made to analyze them; showing that they (the iron stones) occasionally contain lead and copper; and lastly, a collection of oriental authorities concerning atmospheric iron and stone, collected by Professor Gilbert, Mr. Joseph Von Hammer, Subbi Mohamed Effendi, &c. C. S. Rafinesque, Esq. from the Committee appointed to examine the petrefac tion presented at the last meeting by Mr. Schaeffer, reported that this singular specimen from the Alleghany Mountains, appears to belong to the genus glomeris, of Latreille, in the family of the Myriapoda, along with Julus and Scolopendra, and probably to an unknown and extinct species. This species may be called glomeris Eurycephalus, or broad headed glomeris, and described as follows:Head very broad, granular, eyes large, convex dotted-body with 2 long longitudinal furrows above, and narrow smooth rings-back convex, eleven feet on each side, seven rings in the tail with out feet. Mr. Knevels presented a collection of American fresh water shells, chiefly those described by Mr. Say. A number of fish caught in the Straits of Bahama, were offered in the name of D. Frazer, Surgeon to the U. S. Navy.— Several of them were considered as undescribed species. Sitting of August 18. Dr. Mitchill communicated to the Lyceum a specimen of pectinite found in this island, and presented by Mr. Bruce. Dr. Eddy offered some stalactites brought from a cave in the vicinity of Bennington, Vermont. Dr. Mitchill presented the bukler of the testudo serpentania or snapper, accom panied by an interesting account of the animal. It was taken at North Hempstead in June last; when alive it weighed 10 pounds. In dressing it for cooking, a steel file, such as is used in sharpening |