NARANJA, a village of Fez, in Africa, 75 miles N. of Fez.

NARANJAL, or NARANJOS, two islands of the Pacific ocean, in the gulf of Panama. The largest is 5 leagues long from north to south, and is in general desert; 5 leagues from the coast of Panama.-There is a river of this name in Peru, which enters the Pacific ocean, near the mouth of the river Guayaquil, in the gulf of its name. Lat. 2. 28. S.-It is also the name of several inconsiderable settlements in South Ame

rica.

NARANJO, a small river of the island of St Domingo, which falls into the sea, in the great bay of Samana.-There is another river of this name in Cuba, which enters the sea on the north coast.-It is also the name of a settlement in Peru.

NARANJOS, a cluster of small islands among the Philippines, 12 miles N. E. of Masbate. Long. 123. 54. E. Lat. 12. 29. N.

NARANSAS, PUNTA DE, a cape on the north coast of the island of Cuba. Long. 75. 30. W. Lat. 43. 20. N.

NARASINGHAPOOR, a town of the south of India, province of Mysore, situated on the banks of the river Cavery, immediately below its junction with the Capini. The town consists of about 300 houses; and the soil in the vicinity is very productive. The inhabitants cross the river in circular baskets covered with leather, called donies. Long. 77. 5. E. Lat. 12. 8. N.

NARBETH, a market town of South Wales, in the county of Pembroke, pleasantly situated on an eminence, in a narrow vale. It derives its chief consequence from its situation on the great western road, along which the mail coach passes every day in both directions. It has increased considerably since this took place; and the inclosure of its common has also been greatly in its favour. It possesses some remains of an ancient castle. Population 1979. Market on Thursday. 9 miles N. of Tenby, and 255 W. of London. Long. 4. 43. W. Lat. 51. 48. N.

NARBONNE, an ancient town in the south of France, department of the Aude, situated in a hollow between mountains, on two canals, of which the one communicates with the great canal of Languedoc, and the other with the sea. Both are said to have been dug by the Romans. Narbonne was, under them, the capital or central station of southern Gaul, called from it Gallia Narbonnensis; but, notwithstanding its celebrity, few monuments of its antiquity now remain. The cathedral, which is admired for the elegance of its architecture, and the boldness of its vaults, contained, before the revolution, some marble monuments, the

most conspicuous of which was the tomb of Philip the Bold. The palace of the archbishop is an ancient building, and has, from its structure, and the number of its towers, the appearance of a fortress. Narbonne was once strongly fortified; but at present a wail flanked with bastions is its only defence. It has some trade in corn, and an extensive traffic in honey and wax, the produce of the neighbourhood. Its manufactures consist of stockings and leather. It is the see of an archbishop, and has a population of above 9000. 37 miles N. E. of Perpignan, and 70 S. W. of Montpellier. Long. 3. 0. 22. E. Lat. 43. 11. 22. N. NARBOROUGH, a parish of England, county of Leicester, 5 miles S. W. from Leicester. Population 635.

NARBOROUGH ISLAND, a small island in the South Pacific ocean, near the coast of Chili, discovered by sir John Narborough. It af fords wood and water, but is without inhabitants. Long. 76. 12. W. Lat. 45. 12. S.

NARCONDAM, an island of the bay of Bengal, situated 27 leagues to the eastward of the Great Andaman. It is very small, but so high, that its peak may be seen at a great distance, and serves as a land-mark, from which ships passing this way generally take a fresh departure. It is uninhabited, and covered with wood. Long. 94. 12. E. Lat. 13. 25. N.

NARDEN. See Naarden.

NARDO, a small town in the south-east part of the kingdom of Naples, in the Terra di Otranto, with a population of 3500. It is the see of a bishop. 30 miles W. of Otranto, and 50 E. S. Ê. of Tarento.

NARE, a river of New Granada, in the province of Antioquia, which enters the Magdalena on the west, not far from the town of Honda.

NAREA, a barbarous country, situated to the south of Abyssinia, in possession of the Galla.

NARENTA, or NARENZA, a considerable river of Dalmatia, which has its source in the Turkish province of Bosnia, flows through the Austrian part, and, after a very winding course to the westward, runs into the Adriatic at Fort Opus. The land on both sides of this river is fertile, but low and marshy. At certain seasons these marshes produce noxious exhalations, which are so pernicious as to destroy the fish and water fowl that frequent them. To the inhabitants they are equally injurious, and in consequence this fertile track is thinly peopled.

NARENTA, or NARENZA, a small town in the north-west of European Turkey, in Bosnia, on the above river. In the time of the Romans, it bore the name of Narona, and was the capital of an Illyrian province, It was afterwards occupied by Sclavonians,

who were called Narentani. In 987, it came under the power of Venice. In 1479, the inhabitants submitted to the Turks; but by this time the ancient town of Narona had disappeared, and the present Narenta had taken its place. It was for a time a Venetian fortress, but is now dismantled and insignificant. 75 miles N. N. E. of Spalatro.

NAREW, a considerable river in the northeast of Poland, which rises in the government of Grodno, flows westward to Novogorod, where it turns to the south, and joins the Bug, after which their united streams flow westward, till they meet the Vistula at Nowydwor. Its banks were the scene of fighting between the French and Prussians in February 1807.

NARGEN, or NARGO, a small island of Russia, in the gulf of Finland, near Revel. It is mostly covered with wood. Long. 24. 36. E. Lat. 39. 30. N.

NARIAD, a town of Hindostan, province of Gujerat. This place, with the surrounding districts, were ceded, in 1803, by the Mahratta chief called the Guicowar, to the British, in part payment of the subsidiary force; and these territories were then estimated at 175,000 rupees. Long. 72. 59. E. Lat. 22. 42. N.

NARIKEE, a town of Hindostan, province of Agra, belonging to the British. Long. 78. 20. E. Lat. 27. 18. N.

NARLAH, a town of Hindostan, province of Orissa, district of Midnapore. Long. 87.35. E. Lat. 22. 11. N.

NARN, a river of Lower Austria, which joins the Danube on the north side, at Eitzendorf.

NARNALLAH, a town and fortress of Hindostan, province of Berar, belonging to the rajah of Nagpore. It is a place of consider able strength, being built of stone, and situated on the top of a mountain. Long. 77. 30. E. Lat. 21. 40. N.

NARNI, a town of Italy, in the States of the Church, 40 miles north of Rome, in the delegation of Spoleto. It is beautifully situated on a hill, in the middle of a fertile district, and has a population of 5000, with some good buildings; but its streets are steep and winding. The river Nera, which flows at a small distance from the town, is crossed by the remains of a magnificent bridge, built in the reign of Augustus, and little inferior to the Pont du Gard. It is constructed of enormous hewn stones, put together without cement: the middle arch is about 100 feet in span. Narni is the see of a bishop.

NARNOUL, a district of Hindostan, province of Agra, situated principally between the 28th and 29th degrees of N. Lat. It Belongs to several independent Hindoo chiefs,

but the greatest proportion of it to the Machery rajah. The principal towns are Narnoul and Rewary.

NARNOUL, the capital of the above-mentioned district, and residence of an independent Hindoo chief. Long. 76. 8. E. Lat. 28.4. N.

NARO, a considerable town in the south of Sicily, in the Val di Mazzara, situated on a river of the same name, about 15 miles from the sea coast. It stands in a fine country, is a strong military position, and contains a population of 12,000 inhabitants, employed partly as mechanics and manufac turers, partly in cultivating the surrounding country. It is thought to be the Motyum of Diodorus, but is seldom visited by travellers. 11 miles E. of Girgenti.

NAROL, a small town of Austrian Poland, in the circle of Zolkiew.

NAROVA, a river of Russia, which issues from the lake of Peipus, and falls into the gulf of Finland, near Narva. Near its mouth it has a waterfall, 25 feet in height.

NAROVTSCHAT, a small town of the interior of European Russia, in the govern ment of Pensa. It stands near the rivers Scheldai and Laguschevka, and has 2700 inhabitants. It has some trade in the productions of the country, and three large annual fairs. 70 miles N. W. of Penza.

NARR, DER HORE, a great mountain of Austria, in the circle of Salzburg. Elevation 11,324 feet above the sea.

NARRAGANSET BAY, a bay of the Atlan tic ocean, on the coast of the United States, which intersects the state of Rhode island. It is about 28 miles long and 10 broad, and contains Rhode island, with various other smaller islands.

NARRAGUAGUS, a bay on the coast of Maine, joining Machias bay. It receives a river of the same name.

NARRAGUAGUS, a post town of the Unit ed States, in Washington county, Maine, on the Narraguagus.

NARROWS, THE, a channel of the United States, between Long island and Staten island, connecting New York bay with the Atlantic, 9 miles S. of New York. The channel is 1905 yards wide, and is well defended by forts and batteries.

NARROWS, THE, a strait about three miles broad, between the islands of Nevis and St Christopher's, in the West Indies.

NARSINGAH, a town of Hindostan, province of Orissa, belonging to an independent Hindoo chief. Long. 85. 20. E. Lat. 20. 41. N.

NARSINGUR, a town of Bengal, district of Midnapore. It formerly possessed a good fortress, which commanded the high road from Pachete to Jellasore; but with the other innumerable forts in this district,

has been allowed to fall to decay. The town, however, continues to flourish, being favourably situated for the inland trade. Long. 86. 40. E. Lat. 22. 34. N.

NARSIPOOR, a town of Hindostan, in the Northern Circars, and district of Ellore, situated on the southern branch of the river Godavery, about 10 miles from the sea. Long. 81. 50. E. Lat. 16. 21. N.-There are several other places of the same name. NARVA, a small town of the north-west of European Russia, in the government of St Petersburg, on the river Narova. Its houses are built of brick, and stuccoed white; so that it has more the appearance of a German than of a Russian town, and in fact a number of its inhabitants are of Gerinan descent. In the suburb called Ivangorod, are the remains of an extensive fortress built by the czar Ivan Vassilievitz, which overhangs the Narova in a very picturesque manner. Narva was one of the Hanse towns, and still has a brisk traffic in corn, timber, and flax, which it exports, and in salt, which it imports. Near this town, in the year 1700, Charles XII. of Sweden, at the head of 9000 men, obtained a most complete victory over 32,000 Russians, commanded by Peter the Great. Narva was retaken by the czar, five years after. Population 3600. 83 miles W. S. W. of St Petersburg.

NARUNGPORE, a town of Hindostan, province of Allahabad, and district of Ghazypore. It is delightfully situated on the western bank of the Ganges, nearly opposite Buxar.

NARWAR, a district of Hindostan, province of Agra, situated principally between the 25th and 26th degrees of northern latitude, belonging to the Mahrattas. The face of the country is hilly and woody, but the soil in many parts is very rich, and with proper management, extremely productive. The Sinde is the principal river, and the chief towns are Narwar, Collarass, and Shepoory. Some lions have been found in this district.

NARWAR, the capital of the above mentioned district, situated on the south-east side of the Sinde river, formerly a place of much note, and governed by a Hindoo prince. It was first taken by the Mahometans in 1251; but afterwards recovered its independence. In the beginning of the 16th century, it was again subdued by the emperor Sekunder Lody, and from that period remained subject to the court of Delhi, till conquered by the Mahrattas; and is now in possession of Sindia. Long. 78. 12. E. Lat. 25. 41. N.

NARYM, a small town of Asiatic Russia, capital of a district, traversed by the small river Narymka. It is situated on the Obi, near its confluence with the Ket. It was

originally only a simple ostrog or palisadoed fort, built in 1569, and since removed to a different spot, on account of the marshes by which it was surrounded. It contains now a church, and 100 inhabitants, who are placed there only to collect tribute from the wandering tribes in its neighbourhood. 220 miles N. of Tomsk. Lat. 59. 13. N.

NASACARA, a town of Xino, in Japan, 15 miles E. of Kokura.

NASAS, RIO, a river of New Spain, in the province of Durango, which empties itself into the Lake Cayman. It is nearly dry in the summer season, but at some periods it is impassable. Its banks abound in excellent grapes, and its course is said to extend about 200 miles.

NASBINALS, a small town in the south of France, department of the Lozere, containing 1600 inhabitants. 28 miles W. by N. of Mende.

NASCA, a town of Peru, in a district of the same name. It has a fine harbour; but the town is in a state of decay. The surrounding country is fertile in vines and sugar canes, and is watered by a river of the same name. 190 miles S. E. of Lima. Long. 75. 6. W. Lat. 14. 48. S.

NASCARA, a small river in the south part: of the kingdom of Naples, in Calabria Ultra, which falls into the gulf of Squillace.

NASCHITZA, or NASSITZA, a small town. of the Austrian states, in Sclavonia, county of Verocza. 26 miles W. by S. of Eszek.

NASEBY, a village and parish of England,. in Northamptonshire. It was in the vicinity of this village that the unfortunate battle was fought, in 1645, between Charles I. and Oliver Cromwell, which terminated in the total discomfiture of the royalist army. Population 598. 12 miles Ñ. N. W. from Northampton.

NASH, a county of the United States, in North Carolina. Population 7268, including 2897 slaves.

NASHAUN, an island of the United States, one of the Elizabeth islands, Massachusetts, east of Buzzard's bay, and north-west of Martha's Vineyard.

NASHUA, a river of the United States, in Worcester county, Massachusetts, which runs north-east into the Merrimack at Nashua village. Length 40 miles.

NASHVILLE, a town of the United States, and capital of Davidson county, Tennessee, pleasantly situated on the south side of the Cumberland river, which is navigable for vessels of 30 or 40 tons, nine months of the year, and at certain times for ships of 400 tons. It is regularly laid out, and contains a court-house, a jail, a market-house, two banks, a young ladies' academy, a public li brary of 1200 volumes, a cotton and woollen manufactory, a rope-walk, two distil

leries, and three houses of public worship, one for Presbyterians, one for Methodists, and one for Baptists. It is a thriving and wealthy town, the largest in the state, and is situated in a fertile and populous country, and has a flourishing trade. Two newspapers are published here. There is a steam-boat navigation between Nashville and New Orleans, from which place it is distant by land through Natchez 586 miles, through Maddisonville 480 miles. Population in 1818, between 3000 and 4000. 250 miles S. W. of Lexington. Long. 87. 8. W. Lat. 35. 45. N.

NASHWACTISH, a river of New Brunswick, which runs into the St John, Loug. 66. 46. W. Lat. 46. 4. N.

NASIELSK, a small unfortified town of Poland, 27 miles N. by E. of Warsaw, with 1200 inhabitants. The Russian ariny, under Kamenskoy, were driven from their intrenchments here by Bonaparte, on 25th December, 1806.

NASKEAG, a cape on the coast of Maine, the eastern point of Penobscot bay.

NASO, a small river of the island of Sicily, in the Val di Demona.

NASQUIROU, a river on the coast of Labrador, to the west of Esquimaux river.

NASSAU was formerly the name of several principalities in the German empire, all of which are now united under one head, and form an independent duchy in the Germanic confederation. Its boundaries are the Prussian territory on the Lower Rhine, and the different states of the princes of Hesse. It lies in the west of Germany, between 49. 55. and 59. 49. of N. Lat. and has an area of 2186 square miles. The population in 1818 was 303,000. It is divided into the three districts or governments of Wisbaden, Weilburg, and Dillenburg; and these are subdivided into bailiwics. The residence of the duke is at the small town of Idstein.

The surface of the duchy of Nassau is hilly throughout, and in some places the elevations are considerable. It contains nothing that can properly be called a plain; but along the rivers there are low level tracks, of limited width. The chief mountain ranges are the Westerwald and the Taunus. The rivers are the Rhine to the west, the Maine to the south, and the Lahn in the interior. In this duchy are found some of the principal watering places in Germany, there being good mineral springs at the towns of Ems, Schlangenbad, Wisbaden, Lower Selters, Upper Lahnstein, and other places. Vast quantities of mineral water are exported from Selters.

Climate and Products.-The climate of the duchy of Nassau is temperate on the banks of

the Rhine and Maine; but in the north, where the Westerwald elevates the surface, the air is often cold and piercing. The culture of the vine and the rearing of cattle form the chief employments in this duchy. Corn is not raised in sufficient quantity for the consumption. The corn districts lie along the rivers Lahn and Aar; but the best wines are raised on the banks on the Rhine; hock and bleichert being both well known, the former in England, the latter in Germany. The mountains abound in game; also in the more substantial treasures of the mineral kingdom. There are mines of salt; likewise of lead, iron, and silver. The smelting and manufacturing of the metals is conducted on rather a large scale: the other manufactures are paper mills, tanneries, with tobacco, vinegar, and pot-ash works. A good deal of coarse linen is wove throughout the duchy.

The inhabitants of this duchy are almost equally divided between the Protestant and Catholic faith in 1814, there were 120 Lutheran, 97 Calvinist, and 152 Catholic churches. The prince himself was a Calvinist, but the two Protestant parties have long professed the greatest liberality of sentiment; and in August 1817, they agreed to lay aside their distinctive appellations, and to unite in one body under the title of Evangelical Christians.

The duke of Nassau holds the thirteenth place at the smaller assembly of the German diet. In the plenum or full assembly (see Germany), he has two votes. His duchy is one of the few German states which have received a representative assembly. Justice is administered by the high court of appeal at Dietz, by another court at Wisbaden, and by inferior offices in the country. The military is between 2000 and 3000 men; the revenue nearly L.180,000.

The political changes in Germany since the French revolution, have been attended with various modifications of the Nassau territory. In 1802, the representative of the house of Orange received in this quarter an additional domain, as an indemnity for the stadtholdership. In 1806, an accession of territory was given to both branches, on the formation of the confederation of the Rhine. In 1815, there took place with Prussia certain mutations of territory. As to title, the Nassau family, after long being counts, were made princes of the empire in 1688 and 1737. În 1806, they were de clared dukes, which in Germany is a distinct, and in general a higher title.

NASSAU, a small town of the west of Germany, in the duchy of Nassau, on the Lahn. Near it are the ruins of the ancient castle of Nassauberg, which gave name to

the family of Nassau. This is the only place that belongs in common to the king of the Netherlands and the duke of Nassau. Population 1500. 10 miles W. S. W. of Limburg.

NASSAU, or POGGY ISLANDS, a chain of islands which lie off the whole length of the west coast of Sumatra, at the distance of 20 or 30 leagues. The north extremity of the most northern island, which is called the Northern Poggy, is situated in Lat. 2. 18. S., and the south extremity of the most southern island in Lat. 3. 16. S. They are separated from each other by a narrow strait called Se-cockup. These straits are about two miles in length, and a quarter of a mile over, and make safe riding for ships of any size, which lie perfectly secure from every wind, the water being literally as smooth as in a pond. In the passage are scattered several small islands, each of which consists of one immense rock, and which may have been originally connected with the main island. The face of the country is rough and irregular, consisting of high hills, of sudden and steep ascent, and covered with trees to their summits, among which the species called bintangur or puhn, fit for the largest masts, abound The sago tree grows in plenty, and constitutes the chief article of food to the inhabitants, who do not cultivate rice. The use of betel is unknown to them. Cocoa-nut trees, bamboos, and the common fruits of Sumatra, are found here. The woods are impervious to man; the species of wild animals that inhabit them are but few, namely, the large red deer, hogs, and several kinds of monkey, but there are neither buffaloes nor goats; nor are they infested with tigers or other beasts of prey. They have the common domestic fowl; but pork and fish are the favourite animal food of the natives.

Both these islands are inhabited. The natives, however, are but few in number. They are divided into small tribes, each tribe occupying a small river, and living in one village. On the southern island are five villages, and on the northern seven. The population does not exceed 1400, the interior being uninhabited. Their houses are built of bamboos, and raised on posts; the under part is occupied by poultry and hogs; and, as may be supposed, much filth is collected there. Their arms consist of a bow and arrows. The former is made of the nibong tree, and the string of the entrails of soine animal. The arrows are of small bamboo, headed with brass, or with a piece of hard wood cut to a point. With these they kill deer, which are roused by dogs of a mongrel breed, and also monkeys, whose flesh they eat. Some among them wear

krises. They are strangers to the use of coin of any kind, and have little knowledge of metals. The iron bill or chopping-knite, called parang, is in much esteem among them. It serves as a standard for the value of other commodities, such as articles of provision. On the northern island, near the entrance of the straits, are a few houses, inhabited by some Malays from Fort Marlborough. They reside here for the purpose of building large boats, the timber and planks for which are found close at hand.

NASSAU, the naine of a fort maintained by the Dutch at Mouree, on the Gold coast of Africa.

NASSAU, a river of East Florida, which runs into the sea, Long. 81. 42. W. Lat. 30. 44. N.

NASSAU, the capital of the island of New Providence, one of the Bahamas, situated on the north part of the island. It was taken by the Spaniards in 1782, but was restored to the English in the following

year.

NASSAU, a township of the United States, in Rensselaer county, New York. Population 2510.

NASSAU BAY, a bay on the south coast of Terra del Fuego, discovered by the Dutch in 1624. Its west point is situated in Lat. 55. 39. S.

NASSAU, CAPE, a cape on the coast of Surinam. Long. 59. 30. W. Lat. 7. 40. N. NASSAU, FORT, a fortress of Brabant, on the Scheldt, between Tolen and Bergen op Zoom.

NASSENFELS, a market town of Bavarian Franconia, on the Schutter, 4 miles N. of Neuburg. In the neighbourhood are found Roman antiquities, such as remnants of fortifications, coins, &c.

NASSENFUSS, a market town of Austrian Illyria, in Lower Carniola, 5 miles N. of Rudolfswerth.

NASSENHUBEN, a village of West Prussia, in the neighbourhood of Dantzic.

NASSICZE, a market town of the Austrian states, in Sclavonia, 47 miles E. N. E. of Gradiska.

NASSINGTON, a parish of England, in Northamptonshire, 2 miles S. S. W. from Wandsford. Population 482.

NASSIRABAD, the name of two towns in Hindostan, province of Oude. There are several other places of the same name, which means the place of victory. It was also the title of many noblemen, after whom some of these towns were called.

NASSOGNE, a petty town of the Netherlands, in the province of Liege, near the source of the river Fosse. Population 900. 21 miles S. E. of Dinant.

NASSUCK, a town of Hindostan, province