ter school, the residences of the canons, and a number of private houses, which, like the rest of Naumburg, are well built. The suburb contains several hospitals and an infirmary. The population of the three divisions is nearly 12,000. The inhabitants of Naumburg carry on several manufactures, particularly stockings, gloves, caps, and the like, which they send to Russia, and even to Italy and Spain. Next comes leather, for which they have adopted the English mode of tanning; afterwards soap, starch, and gunpowder. Even shoe-making is carried on here on a large scale, and several of the wholesale shoemakers attend the Leipsic fairs. Some wine is produced in the environs. With these various articles Naumburg carries on a brisk trade to different places, and has two yearly fairs. 18 miles S. S. W. of Merseburg, and 28 W. S. W. of Leipsic. Long. 11. 40. E. Lat. 51. 8. 55. N. NAUMBURG, a town of the west of Germany, in Hesse-Cassel, on a small stream called the Elbe, 16 miles W. S. W. of Cassel. Population 1500. NAUMBURG, a small town of the west of Germany, in the electorate of Hesse, principality of Hanau. NAUMBURG ON THE QUEISS, a town of Prussian Silesia, in the government of Legnitz. It is surrounded with a wall, and has 1000 inhabitants. 11 miles N. W. of Louenberg. NAUNDORF, GROSS, a large village of Saxony, in the circle of Meissen, on the borders of Lusatia. NAUNTON, a parish of England, in Gloucestershire, 6 miles W. S. W. from Stow, on the Wold. Population 430. NAUSA, a settlement of Quito, in the province of Guayaquil. NAUSSA, a very convenient harbour in the island of Paros, in the Grecian archipelago. NAUTPORE, a town of Bengal, district of Purneah, situated on the western bank of the Cosah river. Long. 86. 58. E. Lat. 26. 17. N. NAVY HALL, a settlement of Upper Canada, on the river Niagara, at its union with the lake Ontario, opposite Niagara Fort. NAVY ISLAND, a small island on the north coast of Jamaica. Long. 76. 10. W. Lat. 18. 13. N. NAVY ISLAND, an island in the river Niagara, about three miles in circumference. 20 miles N. E. of Navy Hall. Poland, in the circle of Jaslo. It has manufactures of cotton cloth, table linen, and nankeens. NAXE RA, a small town in the north-east of Spain, in the province of Burgos, district of Rioxa, near the Ebro. It has three churches, three convents, and 3000 inhabitants, along with the title of a duchy. In 1365 a battle was fought here by Peter the Cruel, king of Castile, assisted by the prince of Wales, the Black Prince, and Henry, brother of Peter, assisted by the French, in which the former obtained the victory. 44 miles E. by N. of Burgos. NAXI, a settlement of South America, in Tucuman, 15 miles S. of Tucuman. NAXIA, or NAXOS, an island of European Turkey, in the Grecian archipelago, south of Mycone. Its superficial extent is 170 square miles; its population about 10,000. These are mostly Greeks, but a few are of Italian descent, this island having long been in possession of the Venetians, and the residence of governors appointed by them over the neighbouring islands. Naxos is hilly, but by no means unproductive, the plains and vallies yielding fruit, wine, oil, cotton, silk, wheat, and barley: the higher grounds afford pasture for cattle. The Turks have never taken formal possession of this island, but occasionally send a cadi to collect the taxes, amounting to about L.1000 a year. The inhabitants preserve their ancient laws, and choose their own rulers. They do not, however, preserve the virtues of their ancestors, being accounted both indolent and quarrelsome. They occupy one small town, and a number of petty villages. 5 miles E. of the island of Paros. Long. 23. 2. to 23. 19. E. Lat. 36. 56. to 37. N. NAXIA, the chief town of the foregoing island, is situated on a small bay of the south coast, with a harbour and a roadstead, the latter somewhat insecure. It is the seat of a Greek and of a Catholic archbishop. It has a castle; and some fisheries are carried on along the coast. NAY, a town in the south-west of France, department of the Lower Pyrenees, with 2400 inhabitants. 9 miles S. S. E. of Pau. NAY, a town in the east of France, in Auvergne. Population 1300. 6 miles W. of Le Puy. NAY, or NE, a small river in the southwest of France, which falls into the Charente, opposite to Cognac. NAYEMOU, a small town of Bondou, in Western Africa, 12 miles S. W. of Fatte NAYLAND. See Neyland. NAWAGORA, a market town in the south-conda. west of Poland, in the palatinate of Cracow. NAWDEA, a town of Hindostan, province of Bahar. Long. 85. 17. E. Lat. 25. 1. N. NAWSZY, a small town of Austrian VOL. IV. PART. II. NAYO, a small island in the Eastern sers, near the north coast of Celebes. Long. 124.24. E. Lat. 1. 24. N. 2 E NAYSZYN, a small town in the southwest of Russian Poland, in the government of Podolia. NAZAIRE, a small town in the west of France, situated near the mouth of the Loire. It has a population of 3000, and a small harbour. 33 miles W. of Nantes. NAZARETH, a town of the Netherlands, in East Flanders, near the Scheldt, with 4300 inhabitants. It is at some distance from the great road from Tournay to Ghent, and 9 miles S. W. of the latter. NAZARETH, a town, or rather village, of Palestine, situated in a valley of the same name. It is celebrated as the residence of our Saviour and his family, during the first thirty years of his life. The reverence justly claimed by this circumstance, has been improved by superstition, into the means of extorting large sums of money from the pilgrims to the Holy Land. A convent has been founded, containing about 14 friars of the Franciscan order. The church attached to it is erected over a cave, which is asserted to have been the residence of the Virgin Mary. In this cave are shewn her kitchen and fire-place; and, by way of miracle, a pillar is exhibited, the capital of which, separated from the shaft, is represented as self-supported in the air. Dr Clarke, however, could well observe, that it was fastened into the wall above, and they had not even attended to make the separated parts of the same species of stone. The church is handsome, but a great part of its exterior is modern. When the plague rages in Nazareth, the sick come eagerly to rub themselves against the church hangings and the pillar, believing thus to obtain a certain cure; but as all pious strangers make it a rule to kiss these objects, the disease was thus extensively diffused, till a rail was formed to exclude the patients, who still, however, remain stationed in the close vicinity, hoping thus to obtain a miraculous cure. The monks shew also the workshop of Joseph, and the precipice where Christ saved himself from the fury of the multitude. But the most venerated object is one entirely fictitious, called the table of Christ, being a stone from which he is asserted to have eaten before and after his resurrection. A great concourse is produced hither by the plenary indulgence for seven years granted by the pope to all its visitants. Nazareth forms part of the pachalic of Acre; and the oppression of Djezzar Pacha reduced it to a wretched state of indigence and misery. Many of the people were forced to emigrate; and some neighbouring Arabs said to Dr Clarke, "beggars in England are better and happier than we." 50 miles N. of Jerusalem. NAZARETH, a small river of Western Afri ca, which falls into the Atlantic near Cape Lopez Gonsalvo. NAZARETH, a town of the United States, in Northampton county, Pennsylvania. It is a pleasant town, regularly built of stone, and contains a Moravian academy. 62 miles N. of Philadelphia. NAZARETH, UPPER and Lower, two townships of the United States, in Northampton county, Pennsylvania. Population 748, 535. NAZE, or NESS, a hooked promontory on the coast of England, to the southward of Harwich, inclosing some small islands, from which the land declines to the west, and forms the north shore of the river Thames. NAZELLES, a town in the central part of France, department of the Indre and Loire, with 1000 inhabitants. 3 miles N. of Amboise. NAZIM, a river of Asiatic Russia, in the government of Tobolsk, and district of Berezof, which falls into the Obi, after a course of 160 miles. It receives a smaller river of the same name. NAZоOK, a large lake, situated in the mountainous part of Armenia, probably the Arethusa of the ancients. It is thirteen miles long and five broad, but is deficient in romantic beauty, from the want of wood. NE. See Nay. NEAB, or NEB, a river in the Isle of Man, which runs into the Irish sea at Reel Castle. NEAMUTSERAI, a town of Afghanistan, district of Puckoli. It stands among the mountains, on the western limit of Jansul, and belongs to Gool Shere Khan, an Afghan chief. Long. 71. 50. E. Lat. 33. 30. N. NEAPOLIS, in Thrace. See Cavallo. NEATH, a market and borough town of South Wales, in the county of Glamorgan, one of the principal towns in the county, and, from the mineral riches of the neighbourhood, a place of considerable trade. It is pleasantly situated on the eastern bank of the river Neath, about three miles from the Bristol channel, and about 400 or 500 yards from the river, to which it is joined by a navigable canal. The streets are very narrow and irregular, and the houses are incommodious, though a considerable number of them are very respectable buildings, inhabited by substantial tradesmen and merchants, or opulent individuals unconnected with business. The principal pub lic building is the town-hall, which stands in the middle of the market-place, and has a covered market underneath. The church is a large and handsome building, divided within into two aisles, having a chancel at one end, and at the other a substantial square tower, surmounted by an embattled parapet. The principal trade of Neath consists in the exportation of coals, which abound in the vicinity. The river is navigable as high as the town quays, for ships of 200 tons burden; and a navigable canal has been extended into the interior, to the borders of Brecknockshire, and communicating by a tram road with the iron works in the vicinity of Aberdare. In the neighbourhood of Neath are some iron forges, extensive tin works, and smelting works for copper. There is no manufactory here of any consequence. A considerable portion of the once splendid abbey of Neath, situated about a mile below the town, is still remaining, and is chiefly occupied by the families of the workmen employed in the neighbouring works. On an eminence overlooking the town and adjacent country, stands Gnoll castle, the ancient seat of the Macworths: it is a very elegant structure, and has a striking appearance. A little to the north of Neath, at Melincourt, on the Cleddau, is a beautiful cataract, where the water falls over a rock 150 feet high. Neath joins with Caerdiff, and the other boroughs in the county, in sending a member to parliament. Market on Wednesday and Saturday. Population 2740. 8 miles N. E. of Swansea, and 197 W. of London. Long. 3. 46. W. Lat. 51. 39. N. NEATISHED, a parish of England, county of Norfolk, 5 miles E. by S. from Coltishall. Population 532. NEATRAY, one of the smaller Hebrides, on the coast of Scotland, in the sound of Harris. NEAVIS, an extensive arm of the sea on the coast of Scotland, Inverness-shire. NEAUPHLE LE CHATEAU, a small town in the north of France, department of the Seine and Oise, containing nearly 1000 in habitants. 23 miles W. of Paris. NEBEL, a river of the north of Germany, in the grand duchy of Mecklenburg, which Passes by Gustrow, and falls into the Warnow near Schaen. NEBRA, a town of Prussian Saxony, in Thuringia, on the Unstrut. Population 900. 12 miles N. W. of Naumburg, and 4 S. of Querfurt. NECAU, a village of Biledulgerid, in Africa, 150 miles S. E. of Bene Mezzab. NECHORI, a large village of Greece, in Maguesia, situated on an eminence at a small distance from the sea, and containing about 300 houses. 9 miles E. of Meliais. NECKAR, a large river of the south-west of Germany, which rises in Wirtemberg, at the foot of the Black Forest, not far from the source of the Danube, traverses Wir temberg and the north part of Baden, and falls into the Rhine at Manheim. Heidelberg, Heilbron, Ludwigsburg, Tubingen, and Rottweil, are among the towns that stand on its banks. It is navigable for large lighters to Heilbron, and for boats to Connstadt; but the latter part of the course is attended with considerable difficulty, on account of the shallowness of the stream. NECKAR, one of the ten circles into which the grand duchy of Baden has been divided since 1810. It comprehends that part of the lower palatinate which lies to the east of the Rhine. It is divided into the two jurisdictions of Manheim and Heidelberg, and into nine bailiwics: the population is about 101,000. The capital is Manheim. The Neckar also gives name to an extensive circle or district of the kingdoin of Wirtemberg, agreeable to the division made in the beginning of 1818. It comprehends the west part of the kingdom. See Wirtemberg. NECKAR, LOWER, one of the twelve departments of the kingdom of Wirtemberg, lying to the north of the department of the Rothenberg, and adjacent to Baden. Its area is 510 square miles; its population 114,000. It is divided into the bailiwics of Backnang, Brackenheim, Heilbron, Neckarsulm, and Weinsberg. The capital is Heilbron. This department is distinct from the circle of the Neckar, a much larger division. NECKAR, MIDDLE, one of the twelve departments of the kingdom of Wirtemberg, lying on the Neckar, and divided into two parts by the north-west corner of the principality of Hohenzollern. It consists of the bailiwics of Herrenberg, Horb, Rottenburg, Sulz, and Tubingen. The last is the chief town of the department. NECKAR, UPPER, one of the twelve departments of the kingdom of Wirtemberg, almost surrounded by Baden and Hohenzollern. Its area is 580 square miles; its population 103,000. It is divided into the bailiwics of Balingen, Oberndorf, Rottweil, Spaichingen, and Tuttlingen. The chief town is Rottweil. NECKARAU, a village of the west of Germany, on the Rhine. The French erected here a tete du pont in 1799, which was forced by the archduke Charles on the 2d of December. Population 1000. 4 miles S. of Baden. The chief part of the village stands on an island in the Rhine. NECKAR-GARDACH, a village of the west of Germany, in Wirtemberg, near Heilbron. Population 900. NECKAR-GEMUND, a town of the west of Germany, in Baden, on the Neckar. This place was stormed by count Tilly in 1622, when it was plundered, and many of its inhabitants put to the sword. Population 2100. 5 miles E. of Heidelberg. NECKAR-STEINACH, a small town of the west of Germany, in Hesse-Darmstadt, on the Neckar. Population 1100. 9 miles E. by N. of Heidelberg. NECKAR-SULM, a small town of the west of Germany, in Wirtemberg, at the confluence of the Neckar and the Sulm. Population 2050. 6 miles N. of Heilbron. NECKAR-WAIHINGEN, a village of the west of Germany, in Wirtemberg, on the Neckar, near Ludwigsburg. Population 900. NECKER'S ISLAND, one of the smaller Virgin islands, near the north coast of Virgin Gorda. NECKER ISLANDS, a cluster of nine small islands in the North Pacific ocean, near the west coast of America, about 3 miles from Cape Blanco. Lat. 42. 50. N. NECKER ISLES, nine small islands or rocks in the South Pacific ocean, so called by M. Perouse, by whom they were discovered. The principal island is about 500 toises in length, and 60 in elevation at most. It does not exhibit a single tree; but there is a great deal of grass near the summit. The naked rock is covered with the dung of birds, and has a white appearance. Long. 164. 32. W. Lat. 23. 31. N. NECTON, a parish of England, county of Norfolk. Population 719. 3 miles E. from Swaffham. NEDA, a small town of the north-west of Spain, in Galicia. It has some iron and copper works. 5 miles E. of Ferrol. NEDDECK, a mountainous track in northern Africa, between Augila and Mourzouk, 70 miles W. of Augila. NEDDIK, CAPE, a cape of America, on the coast of Maine. Long. 70. 43. W. Lat. 48. 8. N. NEDEBE, the name of one of the natron lakes, on the western frontier of Egypt, 60 miles N. W. of Cairo. NEDELITZ, a small town of the southwest of Hungary, near the Drave, and 2 miles W. of Csakathurn. NEDERBRAKEL, a small town of the Netherlands, in East Flanders, containing 3500 inhabitants. 8 miles E. S. E. of Oudenarde, and 22 S. of Ghent. NEDERKRUCHTEN, a small town in the interior of the Netherlands, in Limburg, containing 3500 inhabitants. 14 miles E. S. E. of Ruremonde. NEDERWEERT, a small town in the interior of the Netherlands, in the province of Limburg. Population 3600. 12 miles N. W. of Ruremonde. NEDRIGAILOW, a town of the south of European Russia, in the government of Charkow. It contains 2800 inhabitants. Tobacco is raised in considerable quantities in the environs. 114 miles N. W. of Charkow. Long. 34. 20. E. Lat. 50. 54. N. NEDROMA, a village of Algiers, the ancient Celame, or Salamium, situated in a fine country, and surrounded with magnificent ruins. NEDSJED, an extensive division of Arabia, including nearly all the central parts of that region, and having on the west Hedsjas and Yemen, on the south Hadramaut, on the east Lahsa and Ommon. It is composed chiefly of vast mountains and deserts, and is the part to which the epithet of Deserta may most properly be applied. Many parts of it, however, are habitable, and covered with numerous hordes of that pastoral and nomadic race which is characteristic of Arabia. The track immediately bordering on Syria is flat and desert; but to the south rises a very extensive and lofty range of mountains, covered with extensive forests, and maintaining a numerous population. To the south of them, on the borders of Hadramaut and Ommon, the country again becomes desert. The whole of this track is almost a Terra Incognita, the existence of which has been chiefly felt by the swarms which have issued from it, to conquer and lay waste the neighbouring countries. Even in the time of Mahomet, Nedsjed gave birth to the anti-prophet Moseilama, who fixed his capital at Jemama, but was unable to cope with that celebrated competitor. The Wahabis in modern time have been more fortunate. Abd-el-Wahab, from whom it derives its name, was less the real founder of the sect than his son Scheik Mahommed. The doctrine, considered in itself, may properly be consider ed as a reform of the Mahometan religion. It establishes the unity of God, the authenticity of the Koran, and the reverence due to Mahomet as a sage and teacher; but it forbids paying worship to him, rejects all the traditions which have been added, and does not adimit the authority of any of his successors. The dogma, however, on which the votaries of this faith have most extensively acted, is that which directs them to exterminate all who dissent from the opinions which its author inculcates. Scheik Mahommed formed an alliance with Ebn Saoud, a brave and enterprising chief, who undertook to lead the armies of the confederacy, while the other was declared supreme pontiff. Under the command of Saoud, and of his successor Abdelaziz, the dominion of the Waliabi was widely extended. They have occupied the holy cities of Mecca and Medina, have made incursions into Syria and Palestine, and threatened Egypt. The vigorous sovereign, however, who now rules in the latter country, has seriously checked their progress on that side. They have fixed their capital at Derreia or Deraie. Nedjsed, as to internal government, is generally divided among a number of little chieftains, one of whom presides over almost every district and village. Its principal produce is fruit, particularly dates. Its towns carry on a considerable trade by caravans, with the countries on the sea coast. NEDSJERA, a village of Yemen, in Arabia, 14 miles N. W. of Sana. NEDSJERAN, a little principality of Yemen, in Arabia, situated three days journey to the east-north-east of Saade. It is well watered, abounds in corn and pasturage, and particularly in dates. It has a capital of the same name, which is often mentioned in Arabian history. NED THOMAS'S SHOALS, rocks in the Spanish Main, on the Mosquito shore. Long. 82. 14. W. Lat. 14. 4. N. NEEDE, a very large village of the Netherlands, in the province of Gelderland, with a population of 2000. 20 miles E. of Zutphen. NEEDHAM, a township of the United States, in Norfolk county, Massachusetts, on the river Charles. Population 1097. NEEDHAM MARKET, a market town of England, in the parish of Barking, Suffolk. It is situated on the river Orwell, is tolerably well built, has a market on Wednesday, and a fair on the 8th November. The petty sessions are held here. P'opulation 1301. 7 miles N. N. W. from Ipswich, and 74 N. E. from London. NEEDHAM'S POINT, a cape on the west coast of Barbadoes, to the south of Carlisle bay. NEEDLES, a cluster of pointed rocks, so called, on the coast of England, about 18 miles distant from Newport, in the Isle of Wight. Several of these rocks lie at a considerable distance from the land, as well as from each other. In a heavy storm about 40 years ago, one of them, which stood 120 feet above the level of the water, fell with a tremendous crash, to the great alarm of those within hearing. NEEHEEHOW. See Oneehow. NEELAB, a town of Hindostan, province of Lahore, on the eastern side of the Indus, but belonging to the Afghans. Long. 70. 53. E. Lat. 32. 50. N. NEELACUNDA, a town of Hindostan, province of Lahore, on the eastern side of the Indus, but belonging to the Afghans. Long. 71. 49. E. Lat. 32. 38. N. NEELGOUND, a fortress and district of the south of India, province of Bejapore, situated between two branches of the Malpurba river, taken from the Mahrattas by Tippoo Sultan, in the year 1785, by ca pitulation, the terms of which the tyrant immediately broke, and kept the governor a prisoner during his life. It was retaken by the Mahrattas in 1791, and now forms part of the British territories. Lat. not ascertained. NEELGUNGE, a town of Hindostan, province of Oude. The vicinity of this pl ce produces much indigo. Long. 70. 53. E. Lat. 26. 47. N. NEELGUR, a town of Hindostan, province of Orissa, and district of Cuttack. It was formerly the chief town of a considerable territory forming part of the country of the Moherbunge rajah, one of the British tributaries. This town communicates its name to the range of hills which extend to the west of Midnapore. Long. 87. 10. E. Lat. 21. 30. N. NEEM BUCU, a town of South America, in Paraguay, situated on the east bank of the Paraguay. Population 1730. Long. 58. 11. W. Lat. 26. 52. S. NEEMBUCU, a lake of Paraguay, formed in the flat plains of the Plata, by the collected waters of the torrents which flow from the mountains during the rainy season. It is in the 27th degree of S. Lat. NEEN SAVAGE, a parish of England, in Salop, 13 miles S. by W. from Bridgenorth. Population 464. NEERMUL, a town of Hindostan, province of Dowletabad, belonging to the Mahirattas. Long. 79. 5. E. Lat. 19. 5. N. NEERWINDEN, a village of the Netherlands, in South Brabant. Near this village marshal Luxemburg obtained a victory over king William III. of England, in 1693; and a century after, on 18th March 1793, general Dumourier was defeated here by the Austrians, under the prince of Saxe-Cobourg. Population 300. 16 miles E. of Louvain. NEFTA, a small town of Africa, in the southern part of the kingdom of Tunis, where it borders on the desert. It was called anciently Negeta. 60 miles S. of Gafsa. NEGADA, or ANEGADA, one of the Caribbee islands, in the West Indies. It is low and desert, encompassed with shoals and sand-banks. It is called Negada from its being mostly overflown by high tides. It is 50 miles north-west of Anguila, and abounds with crabs. Long. 63. 5. W. Lat. 18. 6. N. NEGAPATAM, a considerable seaport town of the south of India, district of Tanjore, and formerly the capital of the Dutch possessions on the coast of Coromandel. It is well fortified, and has a regular citadel, of a pentagon form, with wet ditches. The town lies to the north side of the citadel, near which is the mouth of a small |