coast of the island of Stronga. Long. 2. 26. W. Lat. 58. 59. N. ODOJEV, a town of European Russia, with 1800 inhabitants, situated on the river Upa, 52 miles W. of Tula.

ODON, a small river in the north of France, which falls into the Orne at Caen. ODRAU, a town of Austrian Silesia, on the Oder, 36 miles W. by S. of Teschen. It is surrounded with a double wall. Population 2200.

ODROWAZ, a market town in the south of Poland, in the palatinate of Sendomir, 10 miles E. of Konskie.

ODUCHAPA, a river of Quito, in the province of Loxa, which runs west, and enters the river Leon, in Lat. 3. 26. S.

ODY, a village of the Netherlands, in the province of Utrecht, 5 miles S. E. of that city.

Og, a small island of Denmark, situated a little to the north of Laalaud. Long. 11. 31. E. Lat. 54. 58. N.

OEDISFELD, a town of Prussian Saxony, on the river Aller, 37 miles N. N. W. of Magdeburg, and 22 N. E. of Brunswick. Population 1200.

OECHSEN, a large village of the west of Germany, in Hesse-Cassel, on a small river of the same name.

OEDA, a village of Persia, in Farsistan, 50 miles W. of Yezd.

OEDELEM, a town of the Netherlands, in the province of West Flanders. Population 3000. 6 miles E. S. E. of Bruges.

OEDELFINGEN, or OETELFINGEN, a village of the west of Germany, in Wirtemberg, 3 miles N. W. of Mergentheim. Population 1300.

OEDENBURG, or SOPRONY-VARMEGYE, & palatinate in the west of Hungary, adjacent to Austria, the lake of Neusiedl, and the river Raab. Its area is 1300 square miles, and its population 165,000, composcd of a mixed race, of German and Magyar descent, with Croats, and some Jews. To wards the east, this county is flat, but the rest of it is intersected by three ranges of mountains, so that it affords a great variety of soil. Its climate is, however, mild throughout; and it produces much rye and wheat, with fruit in profusion. Near the capital, and in the vicinity of the small town of Rust, there is produced a red wine, in great request, and inferior only to Tokay. The chief mineral products are coal and lime, which are both exported to the adjacent provinces.

OEDENBURG, OF SOPRONY (the Sopronium of the Romans), the capital of the palatinate of the same name. It stands in a very pleasant district, is neatly built, has one Lutheran and two Catholic churches, a cathedral chapter, a Catholic and Lutheran

gymnasium, and 12,500 inhabitants, partly of Hungarian, partly of German descent. It is almost the only place in Hungary that has a manufacture of fine woollen, and even this is very limited in its extent. It possesses also, what in this country is a singularity, a sugar refinery. Here are likewise manufactures of glass and potash ; but Oedenburg derives its chief importance from its markets for corn and cattle, being an intermediate station between Hungary and Austria. The number yearly sold is 40,000 head of cattle, and 80,000 hogs. Of the latter, a large proportion are driven from the frontiers of Turkey. 37 miles S. S. E. of Vienna.

OEDENHEIM, a town of the west of Germany, in Wirtemberg, near Heilbronn, with 1500 inhabitants.

OEDENROODE, ST, a town of the Netherlands, in North Brabant, on the Dommel. Population 2800. 12 miles S. S. W. of Bois le Duc.

OEDERAN, OF CEDERN, a town of Saxony, on the river fiolzeibach, 27 miles W.S.W. of Dresden. It is neatly built, and has 2000 inhabitants.

OEDT, a town of the Prussian province of Cleves and Berg, government of Cleves, with 1000 inhabitants.

OEFFINGEN, a village of the west of Germany, in Wirtemberg, near Tutlingen. Population 800.

ÕEнNSBACH, a village of the west of Germany, in Baden, 6 miles S. W. of Achern, with 900 inhabitants.

OEHRHOLM, a village of Denmark, in the island of Zealand, about 9 miles from Copenhagen, with a very large manufactory of paper.

OEHRINGEN, a town of the west of Germany, in Wirtemberg, on the river Ohr, 38 miles N. N. E. of Stutgard. Population 3400. It is the residence of the prince of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein, and has a high school, with a seminary for the education of schoolmasters. Here is also a brisk traffic in coin and cattle.

This

OELAND, a long and narrow island in the Baltic, on the south-east coast of Sweden, and separated from the town of Calmar by a narrow strait called Calınar sound. island is 70 miles in length, but in general only six in breadth; its area is 300 square miles; its population 22,000. A great part of the interior is inclosed by an oval chain of sand hills, and consists of a red chalk stone, with a slight covering of mould. This unproductive track is used only as common pasturage, but the strip of country along the coast is under tillage. It is, however, far from fertile, the corn not producing more than two, or at most three returus. The inhabitants, accordingly seek

thal. It has 2300 inhabitants, and large corn and cattle markets. 6 miles W. by S. of Gessenay.

OEYRAS, a small town of Portugal, at the mouth of the Tagus. It has a manufacture of silk stuffs, and an elegant mansion or palace which belonged to the marquis of Pombal. In the neighbourhood are warm baths. 8 miles E. of Lisbon.

OFALU, OF ALTDORF, a town of the north of Hungary, on the river Poprad, and the borders of Galicia. Population 1000. 18 miles N. by W. of Kesmark.

OFANTO, the modern name of the Aufidus, a river in the south-east of Italy, which, after flowing through Apulia, falls into the Adriatic, several miles below the fatal plain of Cannæ,

OFARA, a town of Niphon, in Japan, 100 miles N. W. of Jedo.

OFFAK HARBOUR, a port on the north coast of the island of Waygoo, or Waygiow, with a deep entrance half a mile wide. Long. 127. 44. E. Lat. 0. 10. N.

OFFENBACH, a considerable town in the west of Germany, in the grand duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt, and the chief place of the principality of Isenburg-Birstein. It is partly surrounded with a wall, and divided into three parts, called the Old, the New, and the French district. It is neatly built, has three Protestant churches, a synagogue, a palace where the prince resides, and contains 8000 inhabitants. This is the principal manufacturing town in the grand duchy, or rather the only town entitled to the name. The articles made here are very various; snuff and tobacco, wax, japanned goods, musical instruments, and carriages: also trinkets, such as necklaces and work baskets. The printing of books is likewise carried on here; and the wine produced in the vicinity forms an article of traffic. It stands on the Maine, 4 miles E. S. E. of Frankfort.

OFFENBACH, a village of the Bavarian circle of the Rhine, 4 miles N. E. of Lauterach, and 33 W. N. W. of Worms. Population 1200.

OFFENBURG, a town of the west of Germany, in Baden, and the chief place of the circle of the Kinzig. It is surrounded with walls, has a theatre, and contains 2900 inhabitants. 11 miles S. E. of Strasburg. . OFFENBURG, or OFEN-BANYA, a small town of Transylvania, in the county of Weissenburg, situated on a hill which contains mines of silver and antimony. Also a less productive mine of gold.

OFFINGEN, or MARKT-OFFINGEN, a town of Bavaria, 7 miles N. of Nordlingen, containing 1300 inhabitants.

OFFLEY, GREAT, a parish of England,

in Hertfordshire, 3 miles W. S. W. from Hitchin. Population 754.

OFFLEY, HIGH, a parish of England, in Staffordshire, 3 miles S. W. from Eccles hall. Population 548.

OFFOLANKA, one of the smaller Friendly islands. Long. 185. 31. E. Lat. 19. 35. S.

OFFRA, a town on the Slave coast of Africa, 10 miles inland from Praya.

OFFRANVILLE, a town in the north of France, department of the Lower Seine, with 1500 inhabitants. 3 miles S. of Dieppe.

OFTERDINGEN, a village of the west of Germany, in Wirtemberg, near Babenhausen, with 1400 inhabitants.

OGBOURNE, ST ANDREW'S, a parish of England, in Wiltshire, 1 mile N. from Marlborough Population 351.

OG BOURNE, ST GEORGE's, a parish of England, in Wiltshire, in the neighbourhood of which are the vestiges of some Roman eucampments, called Barbury and Liddington castle. Population 400. 2 miles N. from Marlborough.

OGDEN, a township of the United States, in Genesce county, New York.

OGDENSBURG, a thriving village of the United States, and capital of St Lawrence county, New York, situated at the confluence of the Oswegatchie with the St Lawrence. It has a safe and spacious harbour. It contains the county buildings, and has a considerable trade. 212 miles N. W. of Albany.

OGEECHEE, a river of the United States, in Georgia, which rises near the Appalachian mountains, passes by Lexington, Louisville, and Georgetown, flows southeast nearly parallel with the Altamaha, into Ossabaw sound, at Hardwick. Length 200 miles.

OGELSTROMEN, a river of the north of Sweden, which rises among the mountains bordering on Norway, and runs into the Angermann near Liden.

ÖGENTO. See Ugento.

OGESIMA, a small island of Japan, in the strait between Niphon and Xicoco.

OGGERSHEIM, a town of the Bavarian circle of the Rhine, 4 miles W. N. W. of Manheim. Population 900.

OGGIONE, a sinall town of Austrian Italy, in the Milanese delegation of Bergamo, situated on a lake.

OGHAO, a small island in the South Pacific ocean, west of Annamooka.

OGINSKI CANAL, a canal in Russian Lithuania, which joins the Schara and Jasolda, both head branches of the Niemen and Dnieper. It thus forms a part of a circuitous water communication between the Baltic and the Euxine.

OGLASA. See Monto Christo. OGLETHORPE, a county of the United States, in the north-west part of Georgia. Population 12,297, including 5435 slaves. Chief town is Lexington.

OGLIO, a considerable river of Austrian Italy, which has its source in the Alps, flows through the lake of Iseo, traverses the fertile plains between the Brescian and the Cremonese, and joins the Po near Borgoforte, about 8 miles from Mantua. It is navigable in the lower part of its course, as far as Ponte-vico, and receives in its progress the waters of the Cherio, the Milla, and the Chiese, besides a number of smaller streams. It gave name to a department of the temporary kingdom of Italy.

OGMORE, a hamlet of Wales, in Glamorganshire, anciently a place of note, having a castle as early as the time of William Rufus, some remains of which are still discernible. At a small distance from it are several pits filled with water, said to have sunk of themselves. One of them, which is deemed unfathomable, is of a circular form, and seven feet in diameter.

OGMORE, a small river of England, which rises on the borders of Brecknockshire, and running south, falls into the Severn, a few miles west of Cowbridge.

OGOGNO, CAPE, a cape of the north of Spain, on the coast of Biscay. Long. 2. 40. W. Lat. 43. 26. N.

OGOROO, One of the smaller Friendly islands, 15 miles N. of Annamooka.

OGOUA, a village on the Slave coast of Africa, containing from 200 to 300 houses. The inhabitants subsist by fishing, and are civilised and industrious.

OGUELLA, or OUGUELLA, a small town in the south of Portugal, in the province of Alentejo. It is situated on a mountain, and is remarkable for a spring, the water of which is said to be noxious to all animals except frogs.

ÖGULIN, a town of the Austrian states, in Military Croatia, and the chief place of a regimental district in the generalat of Carlstadt. Population 900. 32 miles E. of Fiume. The district has an area of 920 square miles, with 42,000 inhabitants.

OGURRAPOORA, a town of Hindostan, province of Orissa, belonging to an independent Hindoo chief. Long. 85. 35. E. Lat. 21. 23. N.

OHAIN, a large village of the NetherIands, in South Brabant, with 1600 inhabitants, and several breweries and distilleries. It is at a short distance from Waterloo, to the east.

OHAMANENO, a harbour in the island of Ulietea, one of the Society islands. Long. 151. 38. W. Lat. 16. 45. S.

OHAMENE HARBOUR, a bay on the east coast of the island of Otaha.

OHANG JAVA, a cluster of islands in the Pacific ocean, discovered by Tasman. One of them is of considerable length, the rest little better than large rocks. Lat. 4. 36. N.

OHATOA, one of the Navigator's islands, probably the same which is by La Percuse called Ozolava; which see.

OHERURUA, a harbour of the Pacific ocean, on the west coast of the island of Otaha. Long. 151. 30. W. Lat. 16. 38. S.

OHETEROA, an island, about twelve miles in circumference, in the South Pacific ocean, without either harbour or anchorage, and only a bay on the west coast, which is foul and rocky. The inhabitants are active, and well made, of a dark brown complexion: they form circles round their arms and legs, but have no figures on the other parts of their body. Their clothing is made of the bark of a tree, and curiously coloured; some wear bonnets, adorned with the fea thers of birds, others wear white stuff like a turban. Their arms are lances, made of very hard wood, called etoa, and long pikes. This island was discovered by captain Cook in 1769. Though not 20 miles in circumference, it is populous. It differs from the Society islands, that it has no reef of coral surrounding it. Long. 150. 47. W. Lat. 22. 27. S..

OHETUNA, a harbour on the south-east coast of the island of Ulietea.

OHEVAHOA, an island in the South Pacific ocean, which has a circuit of 15 or 16 leagues. It is steep and craggy; but its deep vallies, and the sides of its hills, are clothed with trees and verdure. Long. 139. 2. W. Lat. 9. 42. S.

OHIO, one of the United States of America, bounded north by Michigan territory, east by Pennsylvania, south by the river Ohio, which separates it from Virginia and Kentucky, and west by Indiana. Long. 80. 35. to 84. 47. W. Lat. 38. 30. to 42. N.; 216 miles long, and 216 broad; containing 39,128 square miles.

The counties, number of towns, with the population for 1815, will be found in the following table:

52

312 323,774 The interior and northern parts of the country, bordering on Lake Erie, are generally level, and in some places marshy. Nearly one-third of the eastern and south eastern part is very hilly and broken. The hills are exceedingly numerous, but they seldom rise into considerable mountains. The most elevated part of the state is a chain of hills extending along the 41st degree of lat., from which the waters flow in opposite directions, northwards to Lake Erie, and southwards to the Ohio. Immediately upon the banks of the Ohio, and several of its tributaries, are numerous tracks of interval or meadow land, of great fertility. In the interior, on both sides of

VOL. W. PART II.

the Scioto, and on the Great and Little Miami, are perhaps the most extensive bo dies of level and rich land in the state. In many parts there are large prairies, particularly on the head waters of the Muskin guin and Scioto, and between the Scioto ail the two Mianies. Some of these prairies are low and marshy, producing large quantities of coarse grass, from two to five feet high, some of which is of a tolerably good quality other prairies are elevated, and are frequently called barrens, not al→ ways on account of their sterility, for they are often fertile. The most elevated tracks of country between the rivers, are the wettest and most marshy in the state; and the driest land is that which borders on the various streams of water. Many of the finest trees of the American forests are found in this state. The high and dry lands are covered with oak of different kinds, red, white, and black; hickery, walnut, ash, poplar, dogwood, red and white, mulberry, sassafras, cucumber tree, and some yellow pine; the low lands with button wood, white pine, hemlock, butternut, tu→ lip tree, locust, honey locust, black alder, black willow, papaw, beech, elm, cedar, and cypress. Some of the sycamore trees, in the neighbourhood of Pittsburg, are from 10 to 16 feet in diameter. The maple tree, which abounds in this region, grows to a prodigious size, and is very valuable on account of the sugar which the sap yields. In addition to its forest trees, the state of Ohio possesses a very rich shrubbery. In its forests are found many species of plums, haws, wild grape vines, whortleberry,' spice wood, hazel, alder, blackberry, raspberry, and dewberry. Herbaceous vegetables are extremely numerous; many of them are valuable as medical plants, some as food; and many afford an ornament to the woods, by their flowers.

Wheat is the staple production. Other sorts of grain, various kinds of fruit, grass, hemp, and flax, are extensively cultivated. From 70 to 100 bushels of Indian corn, it is said, have in many instances been produced in a year, from one acre.

Coal is found in great quantities in the eastern parts. Iron ore has been discovered and wrought pretty extensively in several places, particularly on the south of Licking river, 4 miles west of Zanesville, on Brush creek, and in some other places. Salt springs are found on some of the eastern waters of Muskingum, and on Salt creek, 28 miles south-east of Chillicothe, where there are considerable salt-works.

The climate is generally very mild. The heat of summer is not greater than in the state of Vermont; and the winter is very moderate, though subject to sudden changes

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