they still hold, and possesse in de fance of so sacred a mandate) the said Province of Mary-land, and sent an impious Agent home to Parlie whilest they plundred; but he hath long since given up his account to the great avenger of all injuries: Although sticklers (somewhat more powerfull, but by many degrees more brazen fac't then his spirit could bare him forth to appear now labour to justifie these inhumanities, dis orders, contempts, and rebellions; so that I may say with the Prophet Jeremiah; How doth the Citty sit solitary that was full of people? How is she become as a widdow? She that was great amongst the Nations, and Princesse amongst the Provinces? How is she become tributary. Thus have they brought to desolation, one of the happiest Plantations that ever Englishmen set foot in, and such a Country (that if it were again made formall might harbor in peace and plenty all such as England shall have occasion to disburthen, or desire to forsake England.

Text-Force: Historical Tracts, Vol. III., tract XIV.

IV. GEORGE FOX'S VISIT, 1672-3

". . . from whence, the third of the eighth month, we went to the general meeting for all Maryland friends.

This meeting held five days. The first three we had meetings for publick worship, to which people of all sorts came; the other two were spent in the men's and women's meetings. To those publick meetings came many Protestants of divers sorts, and some Papists; amongst whom were several magistrates and their wives, with other persons of chief account in the country. Of the common people, it was thought there were sometimes a thousand at one of those meetings; so that though they had enlarged their meeting-place, and made it as big again as it was before, it could not contain the people. I went by boat every day four or five miles to the meeting, and there were so many boats at that time passing upon the river, that it was almost like the Thames. The people said, 'There were never so many boats seen there together before'; and one of the justices said, 'He never saw so many people together in that country.' It was a very heavenly meeting, wherein the presence of the Lord was gloriously manifested, friends were sweetly refreshed, the people generally satisfied, and many convinced; for the blessed power of the Lord was over all: everlasting praises to his holy name for ever! After the publick meetings were over, the men's and women's began, and were held the other two days; for I had something to impart to them, which concerned the glory of God, the order of the gospel, and the government of Christ Jesus. When these meetings were over, we took our leave of friends in those parts, whom we left well established in the truth. . . .

After this we sailed about ten miles to James Frizby's, a justice of peace; where, the sixteenth of the eighth month, we had a very large meeting, at which, besides friends, were some hundreds of people, as it was supposed. Amongst them were several justices, captains, and the sheriff, with other persons of note. A blessed heavenly meeting this was; a powerful, thundering testimony tor truth was borne therein; a great sense there was upon the people, and much brokenness and tenderness amongst them. We staid till about the eleventh hour in the night, that the tide turned for us; then taking boat, we passed that night and the next day about fifty miles to another friend's house. The two next days we made short journies, visiting friends. The twentieth we had a great meeting at a place called Severa, where there was a meeting place, but not large enough to hold the people. Divers chief magistrates

were at it, with many other considerable people, and it gave them generally great satisfaction. Two days after we had a meeting with some that walked disorderly, and had good service in it. Then spending a day or two in visiting friends, we passed to the Western-shore, and the twenty-fifth had a large and precious meeting at William Coale's, where the speaker of their assembly, with his wife, a justice of peace, and several people of quality, were present. Next day we had a meeting, six or seven miles further, at Abraham Birkhead's, where many of the magistrates and upper sort were; and the speaker of the assembly for that country was convinced. A blessed meeting it was; praised be the Lord! We travelled next day; and the day following, the twenty-eighth, of the eighth month, had a large and very precious meeting at Peter Sharp's on the Clifts, between thirty and forty miles distant from the former. Many of the magistrates and upper rank of people were present and a heavenly meeting it was. One of the governor's council's wives was convinced; and her husband was very loving to friends. A justice of peace from Virginia was convinced, and hath a meeting since at his house. Some Papists were at this meeting, one of whom threatened, before he came, to dispute with me; but he was reached, and could not oppose. Blessed be the Lord, the truth reached into the hearts of people beyond words, and it is of a good savour amongst them!

I went after the meeting to a friend's about four miles off, at the head of Anamessy River, where the day following the judge of the country and a justice with him came to me, and were very loving, and much satisfied with friends' order. The next day we had a large meeting at the justice's in his barn, for his house could not hold the company. There were several of the great folks of that country, and among the rest an opposer; but all were preserved quiet and well. A precious meeting it was; the people were much affected with the truth; blessed be the Lord! We went next day to see Captain Colburn, a justice of peace, and there we had some service. Then returning again, we had a very glorious meeting at the justice's where we met before, to which came many people of account in the world, magistrates, officers, and others. It was a large meeting, and the power of the Lord was much felt, so that the people were generally well satisfied and taken with the truth; and there being several merchants and masters of ships from New-England, the truth was spread abroad; blessed be the Lord!

Of the Indians, was one called their emperor, an Indian king, and their speaker, who sat very attentive, and carried themselves very lovingly. An establishing, settling meeting it was. This was the twenty-third of the first month.

The twenty-fourth we went by water ten miles to the Indian town where this emperor dwelt; whom I had acquainted before with my coming, and desired to get their kings and councils together. In the morning the emperor came himself, and had me to the town; where they were generally come together, their speaker and other officers being with them, and the old empress sat among them. They sat very grave and sober, and were all very attentive, beyond many called Christians. I had some with me that could interpret to them. We had a very good meeting with them, and of considerable service it was; for it gave them a good esteem of truth and friends; blessed be the Lord!"

Text-Journal of George Fox, Philadelphia edition, pp. 456-7, 462-3. ·

V. ANGLICANISM ESTABLISHED.

2, 1692

THE ACT OF JUN

An Act for the Service of Almighty God and the Establishment of the Protestant Religi within this Province

Foreasmuch as in a well Governed Commonwealth Matters of Religion and th Honour of God ought in the first place to be taken in serious consideration, and nothin being more acceptable to Almighty God, then the true and Sincere worship and Se vice of him according to his Holy Word Bee it therefore Enacted by the King an Queens most Excellent Majestys by and wth the advice and consent of this preser Generall Assembly and the Authority of the same That the Church of England withi this Province shall have and Enjoy all her Rights Liberties and Franchises wholl inviolable as is now or shall be hereafter established by Law, . . .

Bee it Enacted by the King and Queens most Excellent Majestys and by and wit the advice and consent aforesaid. That from and after the publication of this Law n Person or Persons within this Province shall work or do any bodily Labour or Occupa tion upon any Lord's Day commonly called Sunday, nor shall command or wilfull suffer or permitt any of his or their children Servants or Slaves to work or labour a aforesaid (the absolute works of necessity and mercy allways Excepted) Nor shall suffe or permitt any of his her or their Children Servants or Slaves or any other under their Authority to abuse or Prophane the Lords Day by drunkenness, Swearing Gaming fowling fishing, hunting or any other Sports Pastimes or Recreations whatsoever And if any person or persons within this Province from and after the Publication hereof shall offend in all or any the premisses, he she or they so offending, shall forfeit and pay for every offence one hundred pounds of Tobacco. . . .

And be it likewise Enacted by the Authority aforesaid that no ordinary keeper Master or Mistress of a family from and after the time aforesaid either directly or indirectly by any Colour or pretence whatsoever (unless in case of absolute necessity) shall or may uppon any Lords day as aforesaid sell any strong Liquor whatsoever to any person whatsoever or knowingly or wittingly suffer or permit in or about his her or their house or houses, any Tippleing Drunkeness or gameing Exercise or pastime whatsoever as aforesaid being convicted thereof by two Sufficient Witnesses under the penalty of two thousand pounds of Tobacco,

Bee it Enacted by the Authority aforesaid that the severall Commissioners and Justices of each respective county within this Province shall . . . divide and lay out their severall and respective Counties into severall districts and Parishes so many as the conveniency of each respective county and the scituation of the same will afford and allow of, . . . (and that) each Parish do within some convenient time within two months as by the Justices of County Courts aforesaid shall be appointed, meet together at the most convenient place in the said Parish to be also appointed by the Justices aforesaid, and there make choice of six of the most able men of the said respective Parishes to be a Vestry for each respective Parish as aforesaid, who are hereby Authorized Impowered and required to take care of preserve and Imploy all such Tobaccos, Wares, goods and Merchandizes as by this Act or any other Act hereafter to be made, or by any other waies or means whatsoever shall be given or granted raised or allowed to the use of the Church or Ministry of the said Parish to which

they belong... (and) That a Tax or assessment of forty pounds of Tobacco p pole be yearly and in every year raised and levyed upon every Taxable Person within each Parrish aforesaid, and to be collected and gathered by the Sherriff of the County in manner and form as the publick or County Levies hitherto have and still are collected and gathered which said Sheriff is to make punctuall payment of the said Tax or Assessment to the Vestrymen of each Parrish as aforesaid.

Text-Archives of Maryland, Proceedings and Acts of the Assembly of Maryland, 1684 1692, pp. 425-430.

CHAPTER IV

PLYMOUTH COLONY IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY

Bibliography

"Mourt's Relation" written in large part by Governor Bradford and Edward Winslow, printed in London in 1622, is a journal of the period September 6, 1620 to December 11, 1621. An excellent edition is that of Dr. H. M. Dexter 1865). "John Pery's Lost Description of Plymouth Colony in the Earliest Days of the Pilgrim Fathers . . . edited (1918) by C. Burrage is a welcome supplement. Robert Cushman's "Sermon" of December 9, 1621, (Young's "Chronicles," p. 255 f.), and "New England's Trials" (1622) by Captain John Smith (Arber Edition, p. 249 f.), give supplementary details. Events from November 1621 to September 1623 are given in "Good Newes from New England" by Winslow (in part Young "Chronicles," p. 271 f., complete in "Pilgrim Notes and Queries," Vol. IV, No. 2-8 f.). In 1630 Governor Bradford began his "History of Plymouth Plantation' which, while somewhat cursory in its first six chapters, becomes more exhaustive at the point of the Pilgrims' departure from Leyden, carrying the narrative with lessening detail through to 1646. The manuscript of Bradford's great work, located (1855) in the Bishop's palace, Fulham, was issued first (1856) under the able editorship of Mr. Deane, and later (1908) in "Original Narratives of Early American History" edited by Wm. T. Davis.

In his "Brief Narration" (Young, "Chronicles" p. 379 f.) appended to "Hypocrisie Unmasked" (1646) Winslow has given the reasons for the Plymouth enterprise, Robinson's doctrinal views, and a report of his farewell address to the Pilgrims. "New England's Memorial

"(1669) by Nathaniel Morton, a nephew of Governor Bradford and secretary of the Colony from 1645, adds little to the content of his "much honored" uncle's history, but brings the narrative in calendarlike fashion down to 1668. Through access to Governor Bradford's manuscripts, Cotton Mather in his "Magnalia" (1702) was able to incorporate "A Life of Bradford" (Book II, Chapter I). These manuscripts enabled Rev. Thomas Prince in his "Chronological History of New England" (1736) to write a lifeless journal of the Plymouth colony.