'ABLE. v. a. M Mob cap. M. MACA Wrap; envelope. See Macarónian. adj. Macaronic: (the latter Their heads and faces are mabled in fine linen, intentions.-Theodore Hook. Gilbert Gurney. Macádamizing. verbal abs. See extract. Macadamising [is] a method of making roads introduced by Sir J. Macadam, which consists in placing stones, broken into fragments, on a convex surface. The road ought to be completed by passing a heavy roller over it, and this is enforced in Paris; but in London the work of smoothing down the broken stones is left to be completed by the carts and carriages which pass over it, greatly to their detriment, and to the profit of the contractor.Brande and Cox, Dictionary of Science, Literature, and Art. Macaróni. s. [Italian, maccheroni.] He doth learn to make strange sauces, to eat anchovies, maccaroni, &c.-B. Jonson, Cynthia's Revels. Macaroni... was first prepared in Italy, and introduced into commerce under the name of Italian or Genoese paste. The wheat for the purpose must be ground into a coarse flour, called Gruau or Semoule by the French, by means of a pair of light millstones, placed at a somewhat greater distance than usual. Ure, Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines. After careful and repeated trial of different modes of dressing various kinds of maccaroni, we find that in preparing them with Parmesan cheese, unmixed with any of a more mellow nature, there is always a chance of failure, from its tendency... to gather into lumps.... The Neapolitan maccaroni, of which the pipes are large, should always be selected for the table in preference to the Genoa, which is less in size but more substantial... We have already noticed the ribbon maccaroni ... though we have mentioned the maccaroncini, which, though not much larger than a straw, requires more time to render it soft.... Naples maccaroni to boil nearly or quite three-quarters of an hour: Genoa macca roni nearly one hour, sometimes longer; macaroncini, twenty to twenty-five minutes; Naples vermicelli, about twenty minutes.-Eliza Acton, Modern Cookery, p. 579: ed. 1850. 2. Droll; fool. There is a set of merry drolls whom the common people of all countries admire, and seem to love so well, that they could eat them, according to the old proverb; I mean those circumforaneous wits whom every nation calls by the name of that dish of meat which it loves best. In Holland, they are termed pickled herrings;' in France, Jean potages; in Italy, 'maccaronies;' and in Great Britain, Jack puddings.'-Addison, Spectator, no. 47. 3. Fine gentleman; fop; fribble. You are a delicate Londoner; you are a maccaroni; you can't ride.-Boswell, Tour to the Hebrides, p. 84. Sure never were seen two such beautiful ponies; All others are clowns, but these macaronies; And to give them this merit I'm sure is not wrong, Their manes are so smooth, and their tails are so long. Sheridan, School for Scandal. [From macaroni being considered the peculiar dish of the Italians, the name seems to have been given to the dandies or fine gentlemen of the last century, when the accomplishment of the Italian tour was the distinction of the young man of fashion.-Wedgwood, Dictionary of English Etymology.] The macaronian is a kind of burlesque poetry, con- Macarónic. adj. Having the nature of, re- MACE E'en her minutest motions went as well As those of the best time-piece made by Harrison; Byron, Don Juan, i. 17. I saw this and the other lean domestic dandy with an icy smile on his old worn face-this and the other Marquis Chatabaques, Prince Mahogany, or the like foreign dignity, tripping into the boxes of said females, grinning there awhile, with dyed moustachios and Macassar-oil graciosity, and then tripping out again; and, in fact, I perceived that Colletti and Cerito and the Rhythmic Arts, were a mere accompaniment here.-Carlyle, Critical and Miscellaneous Essays, The Opera. Macáw. s. Bird so called, member of one The Macaw-tree [is] a species of the palm-tree, very common in the Carribee islands, where the negroes pierce the tender fruit, whence issues a pleasant liquor; and the body of the tree affords a solid timber, supposed by some to be a sort of ebony. -Miller. Mace. s. [from N. Fr.] Massive staff with a club head so called." About the year 1512, Martin Coccaie of Mantua, Macaroón. s. [Italian, introduced through 1. 2. Sweet cake so called, made of flour, al- Meringues, macaroons, and ratafias, will bear a Macaroni, as fop, &c.: (note the difference Like a big wife, at sight of loathed meat Macassar. s. and adj. either simply as Ma- b. c. Used as a weapon in war. The Turkish troops breaking in with their scymitars and heavy iron maces, made a most bloody execution. Knolles, History of the Turks. Death with his mace petrifick smote. Milton, Paradise Lost, x. 294. Dryden, Translation from Ovid. Spenser, Faerie Queen. As if to evince the rigour of her disposition, Lady Margaret, on this solemn occasion, exchanged the ivory-headed cane with which she commonly walked, for an immense gold-headed staff which had be longed to her father, the deceased Earl of Torwood, and which, like a sort of mace of office, she only made use of on occasions of special solemnity. Supported by this awful baton of command, Lady Margaret Bellenden entered the cottage of the delinquents.-Sir W. Scott, Old Mortality, ch. vii, Figuratively. O murderous Slumber! Shakespear, Julius Cæsar, iv. 3. Mace. s. [from Low Lat. macis.] Spice so called; botanically, a large and remarkable growth from the funiculus (i.e. the part connecting the seed with the seedvessel) of the nutmeg; arillus of the nutmeg. The nutmeg is inclosed in a threefold covering, of which the second is mace: it is thin and membranaceous, of an oleaginous, and a yellowish colour: it has an extremely fragrant, aromatick, and agreeable smell, and a pleasant but acrid and oleaginous taste.-Sir J. Hill, Materia Medica. Water, vinegar, and honey, is a most excellent sudorifick: it is more effectual with a little mace added to it.-Arbuthnot. Mace... is dried in the sun, after being dipped in brine, before packing, to prevent the risk of moulding.... It contains two kinds of oil; the one of which is unctuous, bland, and of the consistence of butter; the other is volatile, aromatic, and thinner.-Ure, Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines. Royal letters came down authorising Papists to hold offices without taking the test. The clergy were strictly charged not to reflect on the Roman Catholic religion in their discourses. The Chancellor took on himself to send the macers of the Privy Council round to the few printers and booksellers who could then be found in Edinburgh, charging them not to publish any work without his license.-Macaulay, History of England, ch. vi. Mácerate. v. a. [Lat. maceratus, pass. part. of macero; maceratio, -onis; macer = lean.] 1. Make lean; wear away. Recurrent pains of the stomach, megrims, and other recurrent head-aches, macerate the parts, and render the looks of patients consumptive and pining. -Harvey, Discourse of Consumptions. 2. Mortify; harass with corporal hardships. No such sad cares, as wont to macerate Spenser, Translation of Virgil's Gnat. Sorrow which contracts the heart, macerates the soul, subverts the good estate of the body, hindering all the occupations of it, causing melancholy, and many times death itself.-Burton, Anatomy of Melancholy, p. 25. Covetous men are all fools: for what greater folly can there be, or madness, than for such a man to macerate himself when he need not.-Ibid. Out of an excess of zeal they practise mortifica Subtle Machiavelians, and those which are frequently called the prudent.-Sir M. Sandys, Essays, p. 46: 1634. The changing of the Trojan fleet into waternymphs is the most violent machine in the whole Eneid, and has given offence to several criticks.Addison, Spectator. The marvellous fable includes whatever is supernatural, and especially the machines of the gods.Pope. Machinery. s. The Arabians were also famous for other machineries of glass.-T. Warton. As our Saviour said, to forewarn all revolters, Remember Lot's wife;' so say I, to forewarn all arch-politicians, and cunning Machiavelians of this world, Remember poor Naboth's vineyard.-Junius, 1. Enginery; complicated workmanship; Sin Stigmatized, p. 626: 1639. self-moved engines. Máchiavelism. s. System of politics, or statesmanship, inculcated in the writings of the famous Florentine, Niccolo Macchiavelli ; in which the principle of the Expedient, as opposed to the Right, is carried to a length which has made the term nearly synonymous with immorality. [Butler, Spence, and others have pretended that Old Nick is derived from Nicholas Machiavel, the Florentine politician of infamous memory; and that 'as cunning or as wicked as Old Nick,' first referring to his character, afterwards was applied to the father of evil. But the evil being was called Old Nick long before Machiavel was born. Nocca or Nicken was a deity of the waters, which the ancient Danes and Germans worshipped.- Todd, in voce Nick.] O France! what in such singular circumstances could poor Rohan's creed and world-theory be, that he could perform' thereby? Atheism? Alas, no; not even atheism only Machiavellism.-Carlyle, Critical and Miscellaneous Essays, Diamond Necklace. tions; they macerate their bodies, and impair their Machinate. v. n. [Lat. machinatus, pass. health.-Fiddes. 3. Steep almost to solution. A vessel... wherein the meat must be macerated for a certain season.-Smith, Portrait of Old Age, p. 84. In lotions in women's cases, he orders two portions of hellebore, macerated in two cotyle of water. -Arbuthnot. Máceration. s. 1. Act of wasting, or making lean. Long fastings, and macerations of the flesh.Howell, Familiar Letters, iv. 36. 2. Mortification; corporal hardship. The faith itself, being clear and serene from all clouds of ceremonies, yet retaineth the use of fastings, abstinencies, and other macerations and humiliations of the body, as things real and not figurative.-Bacon, Advancement of Learning, b. ii. What maceration is there here, with fears and jealousies?-Bishop Hall, Of Contentation, § 26. Envy is not pleasure, but the maceration of the body.-Felltham, Resolves, ii. 56. Conventual discipline might enslave or absorb the greater number by its perpetual round of ritual observance; by the distribution of day and night into short portions, to each of which belonged its prayer, its maceration, its religious exercise.-Milman, History of Latin Christianity, b. viii. ch. v. 3. In Medicine. Soaking of materials of which a part only is soluble, as powders and other coarse mixtures. Sometimes it applies to things which from being rigid are rendered limp and flexible; sometimes to certain operations preliminary to solution, rather than to solution itself. Maceration is an infusion either with or without heat, wherein the ingredients are intended to be almost wholly dissolved.-Quincy. He took only a maceration of rhubarb, infused into a draught of white wine and beer.-Rawley, Life of Lord Bacon: 1657. They beat the whole plant in a mortar, roots, stalks, flowers, leaves and all, till it be reduced to a confused mass. Then after maceration, fermentation, separation, and other workings of art, there is extracted a kind of ashes or salt.-Gregory, Notes on Scripture, p. 126: ed. 1684. The saliva serves for a maceration and dissolution of the meat into a chyle.-Ray, On the Wisdom of God manifested in the Works of the Creation. Maceration is a preparatory step to which certain vegetable and animal substances are submitted, with the view of distending their fibres or pores, and causing them to be penetrated by such menstrua as are best adapted to extract their soluble parts. Water, alone, or mixed with acids, alkalis, or salts; alcohol and ether are the liquids usually employed for that purpose.-Ure, Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines. Machiavélian. adj. Having the character of Machiavelism. = part. of machinor How long will you machinate! Sandys, Paraphrase of the Psalms, p. 96. Machination. S. Artifice; contrivance ; scheme; devise: (generally in an unfavourable sense). If you miscarry, 2. In Poetry. Supernatural agency in poems; the gods, in the ancient drama, being introduced on the stage by some contrivance which the Greeks called μnxavý, the Latins machina. Dryden... gives an account of his design of writing an epick poem on the actions either of Arthur or the Black Prince, and of the machinery he intended to have used on that occasion.-J. Warton. Machining. verbal abs. Machinery of a poem: (used adjectivally in the extract). Of Venus and Juno, Jupiter and Mercury. I say nothing; for they were all machining work.-Dryden, On Epic Poetry. Machinist. s. Constructor of engines or machines. Has the insufficiency of machinists hitherto disgraced the imagery of the poet? Steevens, On Shakespeare's Macbeth. For such [unactively cold and grossly humid] is the blood of the envious, the cause of that paleness and macilency in their looks and constitution.Sandys, Translation of Ovid, preface. (Rich.) Mácintosh. s. [from the name of the patentee.] Waterproof overcoat or cape so called. Generals might be seen sitting on powder-barrels on the beach, ... or retiring gloomily within the folds of their macintosh.-W. H. Russell, The [Crimean War, ch. xxiv. Oath by = Shakespear, King Lear, v. 1. Mack. s. [Macon Mahomet. Obsolete. O from their machinations free, Sandys, Paraphrase of the Psalms. Milton, Paradise Regained, i. 181. How were they zealous in respect to their temporal governors? Not by open rebellion, not by private machinations; but in blessing and submitting to their emperors, and obeying them in all things but their idolatry.-Bishop Sprat. Monmouth saw that his ingenious machinations had failed.-Macaulay, History of England, ch. xxii. Máchinator. s. One who plots or forms schemes. This is the design and the mischievous issue, which to cover and propagate, the cunning machinator pretends the exaltation of the freeness of that grace which he designs to dishonour and defeat. -Glanville, Sermons, serm. x. p. 380. Since then, he hath become an active and earnest agitator, a murmurer, and a machinator, and a leader among those who impugn our authority.-Sir W. Scott, Ivanhoe, ch. xxxvi. Machine. s. [Lat. machina; Fr.] 1. Any complicated work, in which one part 2. 3. contributes to the motion of another. We are led to conceive this great machine of the world to have been once in a state of greater simplicity, as to conceive a watch to have been once in its first materials.-T. Burnet, Theory of the Earth. As in a watch's fine machine, Though many artful springs are seen; The added movements which declare How full the moon, how old the year, Derive their secondary power From that which simply points the hour. Prior. Alma, iii. 258. With the accent on the first syllable. But who hath them interpreted, and brought In the hollow side Dryden, Translation of the Eneid, ii. 23. Instance of Machinery (in its second sense). Mahomet.] Is not my daughter Maudge as fine a mayd, And yet, by Mack, you see she troules the bowle. Historie of Albino and Bellamo, p. 130: 1638. Máckerel. s. [from Dutch, mackreel; Fr. maquereau.] Sea-fish so called, of the genus Scomber. Some fish are gutted, split, and kept in pickle; as ... Gay, Shepherd's Week, Wednesday, 67. Used adjectivally, or as the first element in a compound. Mackarel Gale. Gale such as blows with a mackarel sky. They set up every sail; The wind was fair, but blew a mackerel gale. Dryden, Hind and Panther, iii. 455. Mackarel guide. One of the numerous names of the garfish, garpike, sea-needle, or greenbone; Belone vulgaris. The garfish, included by Linnæus in the genus Esox, and thus associated with the true pike, was called sea-pike; and on account of its leaving the deep water in spring to spawn near the shore in the months of April or May, preceding the mackerel in their annual visit to shallow water for the same purpose, it has received also the name of mackerel guide. Other names, and they are not a few, have been suggested and bestowed upon it, either in reference to internal peculiarities or external form.Yarrell, British Fishes. Mackarel midge. British fish so called; Motella glauca. I yesterday had an opportunity of observing the actions of a little company of mackerel midges that had been left by the tide in a large pool. Sometimes they gamboled about, keeping the body permanently bent, at nearly a right angle, and moving the tail with great rapidity; at other times they kept under the shelter of a piece of seaweed, or other floating substance, and, passing across it repeatedly, seemed to delight in rubbing their backs against it. -Farrell, British Fishes. p. 177. Mackerel skies, and mare's-tails Make tall ships lower their sails. Anonymous Adage. As the second element in a compound. Horse mackerel. Name given to the scad ; fish so called; Caranx trachurus. The scad, or horse-mackerel as it is commonly called, in reference to its supposed coarseness and consequent inferiority, rather than to its size, is occasionally abundant on particular parts of our southern shore, and may be traced nearly all round the British coast.-Farrell, British Fishes. Máckins. S. See Mack. There is a new trade come up to be a vocation, I wis not what: they call 'em boets, a new game for beggars, I thincke, since the statute against gypsies. I would not have my son Dick one of these boets for the best pig in my stye, by the mackins! Boets? heaven shield him. - Randolph, Muse's Lookingglasse: 1643. (Nares by H. and W.) Mácon. s. [Mahound.] Mahomet. Praised, quoth he, be Macon whom we serve! = Fairfax, Translation of Tasso, xxii. 10. macrocosm. s. [Gr. μακοὺς + κόσμος : world.] Whole world, or visible system, in opposition to the microcosm, or world of man. See Microcosm. Throughout all this vast macrocosm. — - Watson, Quodlibets, p. 274: 1602. There is a very rigid and strict analogy and conformity between the macrocosm and the microcosm, the world and man.-Spencer, On Prodigies, p. 70. Mactation. s. [Lat. mactatio, -onis; macto = kill, slay, slaughter.] Slaughtering; more especially the act of killing for sacrifice. Rare. Here they call Cain's offering, which is described and allowed to be of the fruits of the ground only, Ovotar, a sacrifice, or mactation.-Shuckford, On the Creation and Fall of Man, preface, p. ciii. Mácula. s. [Lat.] Spot: (not uncommon, though with plural always Latin). And lastly, the body of the sun may contract some spots or macula greater than usual, and by that means be darkened. T. Burnet, Theory of the Earth. Spotted; stained. Rare. (The negative compound Immaculate common.) My love is most immaculate white and red.-Most maculate thoughts, master, are masked under such colours.-Shakespear, Love's Labour's lost, i. 2. 'Tis the time's plague when madmen lead the blind. Love making all things else his foes, This was the cause the poets sung, But who can help his frenzy? Dryden, Spanish Friar. His gestures fierce 3. Over-run with any violent or unreasonable desire (with on, after, of, perhaps better for, before the object of desire). 4. It is the land of graven images, and they are mad upon their idols.-Jeremiah, 1. 38. The people are not so very mad of acorns, but that they could be content to eat the bread of civil persons.-Rymer. Furious. They that are mad against me are sworn against me.-Psalms, cii. 8. Holy writ represents St. Paul as making havock of the church, and persecuting that way unto the death, and being exceedingly mad against them.Dr. H. More, Decay of Christian Piety. Like mad. Like one mad. A bear, enraged at the stinging of a bee, ran like mad into the bee-garden, and over-turned all the hives. Sir R. L'Estrange. So that the Belgians, hearing what a clutter the Albionians made of their victory, which they had got but by one spot of a die, they fell a making a bonfire and fireworks like mad, and rejoicing and triumphing for the great victory. The Pagan Prince: 1690. Run mad. Become mad. The world is running mad after farce, the extremity of bad poetry, or rather the judgement that is fallen upon dramatick writing.-Dryden, Preface to Cleomenes. Mad. v. a. madden. Make mad or furious; enrage; O villain! cried out Zelmane, madded with finding an unlooked-for rival-Sir P. Sidney. This mads me, that perhaps ignoble hands Dryden. Maculation. s. Stain; spot; taint. Rare. Mádam. s. [Fr. ma dame = my dame.] Term I will throw my glove to death himself, That there's no maculation in thy heart. Shakespear, Troilus and Cressida, iv. 4. [Lat. macula = stain.] Mácule. s. 1. See extract. Macle is the name of certain diagonal black spots in minerals, like the ace of diamonds in cards, supposed to proceed from some disturbance of the particles in the act of crystallization.-Ure, Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines. 2. In Printing. Slurred or duplicate impression, looking like a macule. Macule. If the joints of the tympan, or the head, or the nut of the spindle, be loose, or any accident happen in pulling, so that the impression be somewhat doubled, and not clear, it is said to be maculed.-Savage, Dictionary of Printing, p. 467. Mácule. v. a. In Printing. Slur. (For example see Macule, s.) Máculing. verbal abs. Act of one who macules; state of the thing maculed. Cards under the winter, to produce a spring, have often been the cause of maculing. The side of the tympan, or ear of the frisket, touching the cheek will also produce the same effect.-Savage, Dictionary of Printing, p. 467. Mad. s. [Dutch; Danish, madhe.] Maggot (the meaning in the extract being, Moles take maggots or grubs'.) of compliment used in address to ladies of every degree: (anciently spoken as in French, with the accent on the last syllable; also used for mistress, or lady, without being the term of compliment; and vulgarly it is now so used: as, 'She is a proud madam'). She became a gloryouse madame of the earth.Bale, Yet a Course at the Romysshe Foxe, fol. 38. b.: 1543. They have alwaies for lucre's sake gloriously garnished their holy mother, the madame of mischiefe. Id., On the Revelations, pt. i. sign. A. vi. b. Certes, madame, ye have great cause of plaint. Spenser, Faerie Queen. Madam, once more you look and move a queen! A. Philips, Distrest Mother, Mádapple. s. Generally in the plural. In Old Medical Botany, a poisonous plant of an uncertain genus. See Thornapple. Raging apples hath a round stalk of two foot high... Petrus Bellonius hath judged it to be Malinathalla Theophrasti. In the dukedom of Milan it is called Melangena; and of some Melanzana: in Latine, Mala insana, and in English, mad apples: in the German tongue, Dollopffel; in Spanish, Verangenes.-Gerarde, Herball, p. 345: 1633. Mádbrain. adj. Disordered in the mind; hotheaded. He let fall his book, And as he stoop'd again to take it up, This madbrain'd bridegroom took him such a cuff, That down fell priest and book. Mádcap. s. Shakespear, Taming of the Shrew, iii. 2. Well, I could not a-think what could make so shy an' resarved a gentleman as Mr. Aram admit these 'ere wild madcaps like at that hour.-Lord Lytton, Eugene Aram, b. iv. ch. xi. Used adjectivally. That last is Biron, the merry madcap lord; Not a word with him but a jest. Mádden. v. n. Shakespear, Love's Labour's lost, ii. 1. The nimble-footed madcap prince of Wales, And his comrades, that daft the world aside, And bid it pass. Id., Henry IV. Part I. iv. 1. Become mad; act as mad. The dog-star rages, nay 'tis past a doubt, All Bedlam or Parnassus is let out; Fire in each eye, and papers in each hand, They rave, recite, and madden round the land. Pope, Epistle to Arbuthnot. Mádden. v. a. Make mad. But when they were driven in by a second charge of the Macedonian horse, and the engagement was crowded within a narrower space, the elephants, pressed on all sides, began to grow unmanageable; many lost their drivers, and, maddened by wounds, turned their fury indiscriminately against friend and foe. Bishop Thirlwall, History of Greece, ch. liii. Mádder. s. [A.S. maddere.] Plant so called, of the genus Rubia; Rubia tinctorum. The flower of the madder consists of one single leaf, which is cut into four or five segments, and expanded at the top; the flower-cup afterwards becomes a fruit, composed of two juicy berries closely joined together, containing seed for the most part, hollowed like a navel; the leaves are rough, and surround the stalks in whorles.-Miller. Madder is cultivated in vast quantities in Holland: what the Dutch send over for medicinal use is the root, which is only dried; but the greatest quantity is used by the dyers, who have it sent in coarse powder.-Sir J. Hill, Materia Medica. The best roots are those which have the size of a writing quill, or at most, of the little finger. They are semi-transparent and reddish, have a strong odour, and a sinooth bark. They should be of two or three years growth. The madder taken from the ground and picked, must be dried in order to be ground and preserved.-Ure, Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines. Máddering. verbal abs. Process in dyeing by which the tissue is acted on by the madder. Galling is the next great step in the Turkey-red preparation.... The maddering comes next.-Ure, Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines. Mádding. verbal abs. State of that which Mádding. part. adj. Mad; maddened. Rare. Here grows melampode every where, Spenser, Shepherd's Calendar, July. Dryden, Translation of the Eneid, vii. 538. Run maddingly affrighted. Beaumont and Fietcher, Women Pleased, iv. 1. (Rich.) Madefaction. s. [Lat. madefactio, -onis; Act of making madefacio = make wet.] wet; state of that which is made wet. To all madefaction there is required an imbibition.-Bacon. Madeira. s. Wine so called from grapes grown in the island of Madeira. A cup of Madeira, and a cold capon's leg.-Shakespear, Henry IV. Part I. i. 2. Mádeleine. s. In Cookery. Pudding so called (used adjectivally). For Madeleine puddings take the same ingredients as for Sutherland puddings, but clarify an addi MADE tional ounce of butter; skim, and then fill some round tin pattypans with it almost to the brim: pour it from one to the other until all have received a sufficient coating to prevent the puddings from adhering to them, and leave half a teaspoonful in each; mix the remainder with the eggs, sugar, and flour, &c.-Eliza Acton, Modern Cookery, p. 357: 1550. Mademoiselle. s. [Fr. ma = my + demoiselle = young lady, miss.] Miss. Courtiers and court ladies with their grooms and mademoiselles.-Milton, Apology for Smectymnuus. I cannot fancy that miss in a boarding-school is more an economist than mademoiselle in a nunnery. -Goldsmith, Essays, xv. Madge. s. [Fr. machette = small kind of owl.] This word is generally, perhaps always, used in English as the first element in a compound, giving Madge-howlet; in which case the name looks as if derived from Margaret, in the manner of Jenny Wren, Robin Redbreast, and the like. That this, however, is not the case, is evident from the derivation. An I swallow this, I'll ne'er draw my sword in the sight of Fleet-street again while I live. I'll sit in a barn with Madgehowlet, and catch mice first. -B. Jonson, Every Man in his Humour, ii. 2. Mádhouse. s. House where madmen are cured or confined; asylum for lunatics. A fellow in a madhouse being asked how he came there, Why, says he, the mad folks abroad are too many for us, and so they have mastered all the sober people, and cooped them up here.-Sir R. L'Estrange. Mádid. adj. [Lat. madidus.] Wet; moist; dropping. Rare, rhetorical. Lord Monmouth was in height above the middle size, but somewhat portly and corpulent. His countenance was strongly marked; sagacity on the brow, sensuality in the mouth and jaw. His head was bald, but there were remains of the rich brown locks on which he once prided himself. His large deep blue eye, madid and yet piercing, shewed that the secretions of his brain were apportioned, half to voluptuousness, half to common sense. But his general mien was truly grand; full of natural nobility, of which no one was more sensible.-Disraeli the younger, Coningsby, b. i. ch. ii. Mádly, adv. In a mad manner. He waved a torch aloft, and madly vain, Her matted tresses madly spread, Ꮇ Ꭺ Ꭰ Ꭱ spondylium.. Madness. 8. Attribute suggested by Mad. Why, woman, your husband is in his old lunes again he so buffets himself on the forehead, that any madness I ever yet beheld seemed but tameness and civility to this distemper.-Shakespear, Merry Wives of Windsor, iv. 2. There are degrees of madness as of folly, the disorderly jumbling ideas together, in some more, some less.-Locke. He raved with all the madness of despair, Madonna. s. lady.] Title given to pictures of the Virgin Mary. 1. 2. The Italian painters are noted for drawing the Madonnas by their own wives or mistresses.-Rymer, View of Tragedy, p. 157. see Mádrepore. s. [Low Lat. madreus. Madrier and Mazer. From the likeness of a polished madrepore to certain woods with a starlike graining.] In Zoology. Animal production so called akin to the corals, consisting of carbonate of lime. It is secreted internally, constituting the skeleton, with a stellate, laminated structure, of certain polypes. See Polypary. The shallower parts of the tropical seas contain countless forms of madrepores, known to us, unfortunately, but too often, only by the detached fragments of their earthy skeletons, which the beauty of their appearance induces the mariner to bring to our shores.-Rymer Jones, General Outline of the Organization of the Animal Kingdom, § 144: 1861. I borrow the name of this order [Anthozoa Helianthoida] from Latreille, but give to it a wider application than it has in the classification of that illustrious naturalist, that it may embrace the madrepores and starred stones, which the observation of Le Sueur, confirmed as they have been by subsequent voyagers, demonstrate to be the production of zoophyte, similar, in all essential points, to the naked actinæ. Dr. G. Johnson, History of the British Zoophytes, vol. i. p. 181: 1847. (See, also, Lithophyte.) Dryden, Translation of the Eneid, vi. 794. Madríer. s. [Fr.] Plank, or piece of timber, whose grain is full of crooked and speckled streaks. To every sod which wraps the dead She turns her joyless eyes. Collins, Ode to a Lady, on the Death of Colonel Charles Ross. One deprived of his under Mádman. s. standing; lunatic. They shall be like madmen, sparing none, but still spoiling and destroying those that fear the Lord.-2 Esdras, xvi. 71. He that eagerly pursues any thing, is no better than a madman.-Sir R. L'Estrange. He who ties a madman's hands, or takes away his sword, loves his person while he disarms his frenzy. -South, Sermons. Agreeably to vulgar and popular notions, a person alleged to be insane, is expected to exhibit all the usual stereotyped, artistic, poetic, and melodramatic characteristics of madness.... No one would be considered as bona fide insane, that did not foam at the mouth, gnash the teeth, tear the hair, clench the fist.... If such were the ordinary characteristic manifestations of the forms of insanity, with which juries and judges have generally to deal.... I quite concur in the opinion, inferentially expressed, that the evidence of experts is quite superfluous, and may safely be dispensed with. But this is not the type of insanity usually submitted to legal adjudication. The annals of jurisprudence establish, beyond a doubt, that the criminal and homicidal lunatic almost invariably belongs to the class of quiet, cunning, subtle, clever, and what Esquirol terms reasoning madmen. How rare it is to see a person labouring under acute derangement of mind tried for a capital crime! In many criminal cases the lunatic although suffering from a dangerous and homicidal form of mental derangement, has suffi cient self-possession and control over his disordered thoughts to converse and comport himself like a person in healthy possession of his reasoning powers. This is a type of mental disease that so often deceives the judge and puzzles the jury.-Dr. Forbes Winslow, On certain Obscure Diseases of the Brain and Mind, p. 165. (See other examples under Mad.) Mádnep. s. [Lat. napus = turnip.] Plant so called (if this be the Heracleum Spondylium, the element mad meadow). It is called in Greek σpovôúλcov; in Latine likewise Madrier, in war, is a thick plank armed with iron plates, having a cavity sufficient to receive the mouth of the petard when charged, with which it is applied against a gate, or other thing intended to be broken down.-Bailey. A madrier [is] a long plank of broad wood used for supporting the earth in mining, carrying on saps, and the like.-Chambers. Mádrigal. 8. = The question as to the derivation of this word is mixed up with that as to its original meaning; and on both there is a conflict of opinion. One view connects it with mandra = cow or sheep pen; in which case the original character of the madrigal was pastoral. This is adopted by Wedgwood. Another makes it a love-song, sung in the morning, and corresponding to the Serenade of the evening; in which case the Spanish madrugar be up early, dawn, is the original. Dr. Burney objects to this, that for a song of this kind the Italians had the more definite term matinata. The next connects it with the Virgin Mary, a madrigal being a song to The Mother, or alla Madre; and this Dr. Burney, in his "History of Music' approves, stating that Dante has the form madriale. A decided degeneration of this doctrine is the hybrid etymology which to the Italian madre, attaches the gale in nightin-gale. In Spain, the town Madrigale has been suggested; and, in Provence, a district named Martigeaux. The immediate introduction of the word was from Italy-madrigale; its application being to a short lyric poem, on some light or amatory subject, neither so pointed as the epigram, nor so rigid in the way of metre as the sonnet; add to this that it was generally set to music, and for more than two voices. The end of the sixteenth century was the time when the madrigal, of recent introduction, was at the height of its popularity in England. Shallow rivers, by whose falls Shakespear, Merry Wives of Windsor, Milton, Comus, 494. Their tongue is light and trifling in comparison of the English; more proper for sonnets, madrigals, and elegies, than heroick poetry.-Dryden. A madrigal is a little amorous piece, which contains a certain number of unequal verses, not tied to the scrupulous regularity of a sonnet, or subtilty of an epigram: it consists of one single rank of verses, and in that differs from a canzonet, which consists of several strophes, which return in the same order and number.-Bailey. Hail Sternhold, then; and Hopkins, hail!-Amen. Give it a charge to blacken and traduce; Cowper, Table Talk. Menage says that the French owe the rondeau, the madrigal, and the modern form of the sonnet to this poet Clement Marot].-Dr. Burney, General History of Music, vol. iii. p. 41: 1789. Mádrigalist. s. Composer of madrigals. After this he [Della Valle] mentions the madrigalists of his own time, who had polished and improved that species of composition far beyond those of the preceding age.-Dr. Burney, General History of Music, vol. iv. p. 46: 1789. Mádwort. s. Plant so called. See Moonwort. Maestoso. s. [Italian = majestic.] In Music. Term directing the part to be played with grandeur, and consequently slow, but yet with strength and firmness. Máme. v. n. Stammer: (the word is still used in the north of England). [He] so stammered, or maffled in his talke, that he was not able to bring forth a readie word.-Barret, Translation of Suetonius in voce Stammer, Alvearie: 1580. Magazíne. s. 1. Storehouse; commonly an arsenal or armoury, or repository of provisions. 2. If it should appear fit to bestow shipping in those harbours, it shall be very needful that there be a magazine of all necessary provisions and ammunitions.-Sir W. Raleigh, Essays. Plain heroick magnitude of mind; Their armories and magazines contemns. Milton, Samson Agonistes, 1280. Some o'er the publick magazines preside, And some are sent new forage to provide. Dryden, Translation of the Georgics, iv. 232. His head was so well stored a magazine, that nothing could be proposed which he was not master of.-Locke. See extracts. We essayists, who are allowed but one subject at a time, are by no means so fortunate as the writers of magazines, who write upon several.-Goldsmith, Essays, ix. Of late [that is, in the year 1737] this word, Dr. Johnson says, has signified a miscellaneous pamphlet, from a periodical miscellany called The Gentleman's Magazine,' and published under the name of Sylvanus Urban,' by Edward Cave. This miscellany, which gave rise to the London,' the Lady's,' and various other Magazines, still continues, as Dr. Johnson said of it in his Life of Cave,' to enjoy the favour of the world, and is one of the most successful and lucrative pamphlets which literary history has upon record.-Todd. Have we any genius in the world now?' asked Lalage. You must look for them in the magazines,' said Singleton, with a laugh.-Hannay, Singleton Fontenoy, b. i. ch. vi. Magazine [is] the general designation for the periodical literature of a country, exclusive of the newspaper and review. The peculiar province of the two latter seems to be to give information-the one on politics and passing events, the other on literary and scientific subjects; while that of the maga zine is of a more miscellaneous character, embracing all the features of the newspaper and review, but at the same time containing in the form of tales, sketches, and poetry, &c., a great variety of what may be termed Original matter, the introduction of which would be foreign to the purposes of the others. The earliest publication of this kind in England was the Gentleman's Magazine,' which still exists. It appeared in 1731, and the success which followed its establishment immediately called into the field a host of competitors, which have so increased in number and variety as to form an era in literary history.-Brande and Cox, Dictionary of Science, Literature, and Art. Magazíner. s. One who writes an article for a magazine. Rare. If a magaziner be dull upon the Spanish war, he soon has us up again with the Ghost in Cock-Lane: if the reader begins to doze upon that, he is quickly roused by an Eastern tale.-Goldsmith, Essays, ix. Magazíning. adj. Dealing in, connected with, magazines. Urban, or Sylvan, or whatever name With monthly medley courts the curious age. Mage. s. Magician. Rare. The hardy mayd (with love to frend) Spenser, Faerie Queen, iii. 3, 14. Magellanic (Clouds). adj. [Magalhaens, the name of the celebrated Portuguese navigator who first doubled Cape Horn.] See extract. Mággoty. adj. 2. To pretend to work out a neat scheme of thoughts with a maggotty unsettled head, is as ridiculous as to think to write straight in a jumbling coach.-Norris. Mággotty headed. adj. Having a head full of fancies or crotchets. He [Aubrey] was a shiftless person, roving and magotieheaded, and sometimes little better than crased.-Life of A. Wood, p. 209. Mági. s. pl. [Lat.] Wise men of the East. Not only the philosophers among the Greeks, but even the magi in the extremest east.-Fotherby, Atheomastix, p. 36. The inspired magi from the orient came, Preferr'd my star before their Mithra's flame, And at my infant feet devoutly fell. Sandys, Christ's Passion, p. 2. Mágian, adj. Denoting the magi of the East. A future resurrection was the belief of the magian sect so famous all over the east.-Peters, On Job, p. 406: 2nd ed. 1757. Cyrus was a Persian, had been brought up in the religion of his country, and was probably addicted to the magian superstition of two independent Beings.- Bishop Watson, Apology for the Bible, p. 160. Magic. adj. [Lat. magicus, from magus.] 1. Acting or doing by powers superior to the known power of nature; enchanted; necromantic. The magellanic clouds, or the nubecula (major and minor), as they are called in the celestial maps and charts, are, as their name imports, two nebulous or cloudy masses of light, conspicuously visible to the naked eye, in the southern hemisphere, and the appearance and brightness of the light not much unlike the Milky Way of the same apparent size. When examined through powerful telescopes, the constitution of the nubeculæ, and especially of the Nubecula major, is found to be of astonishing complexity. The general ground of both consists of large tracts and patches of nebulosity in every stage of resolution, from light irresolvable with eighteen inches of reflecting aperture, up to perfectly separated stars, like the Milky Way, and clustering groups sufficiently insulated and condensed to come under the designation of irregular, and in some cases pretty rich clusters. But besides those, there are also nebulæ in abundance, both regular and irregular-globular clusters in every state of condensation, and objects of a nebulous character quite peculiar, and which have no analogue in any other region of the heavens. Such is the concentration of 2. the objects, that in the area occupied by the Nubecula major not fewer than 278 nebulæ and clusters have been enumerated, besides fifty or sixty outliers, which (considering the general barrenness of such objects in the immediate neighbourhood) ought certainly to be reckoned as its appendages, being about six and a half per square degree, which very far exceeds the average of any other, even the most crowded parts of the nebulous heavens. In the Nubecula minor the concentration of such objects is less, though still very striking, thirty-seven having been observed within its area, and six adjacent but outlying. The nubeculæ, then, combine, each within its own area, characters which, in the rest of the heavens, are no less strikingly separated-viz. those of the galactic and the nebular system. Globular clusters (except in one region of small extent) and nebulæ of regular elliptic forms are comparatively rare in the Milky Way, and are found congregated in the greatest abundance in a part of the heavens the most remote possible from that circle; whereas, in the nubecule they are indiscriminately mixed with the general starry ground, and with irregular though small nebulæ.-Sir J. Herschel, Outlines of Astronomy, p. 613: 1849. Magénta. s. [from the battle fought during the Austrian and Italian war in A.D. 1859, Mággot. s. 1. Grub. We fat all creatures else to fat us, and we fat ourseives for maggots.-Shakespear, Hamlet, iv. 3. Out of the sides and back of the common caterpillar we have seen creep out small maggots.-Ray, Wisdom of God manifested in the Works of the Creation. From the sore although the insect flies, It leaves a brood of maggots in disguise. Garth. 2. Whimsy; caprice; odd fancy. Colloquial. Used adjectivally. Taffata phrases, silken terms precise, Upon the corner of the moon Shakespear, Macbeth, iv. 1. Done or produced by magic. And the brute earth would lend her nerves, and shake Till all thy magic structures rear'd so high, Oh, that the chemist's magic art MAGI jugate foci of the lens, an enlarged image of it is formed upon a wall or screen at some distance behind. The tube is made to pull out, so that the distance of the lens from the slider can be increased or diminished at pleasure, and consequently an image formed of any size within moderate limits, by increasing or dimishing the distance between the lantern and the screen. The magick lantern was invented by Athanasius Kircher.-Brande and Cox, Dictionary of Science, Literature, and Art. Mágical. adj. 1. Acting, or performing by secret and invisible powers, either of nature, or the agency of spirits. 2. I'll humbly signify what, in his name, Shakespear, Antony and Cleopatra, iii. 1. By the use of a looking-glass, and certain attire made of cambrick, upon her head, she attained to an evil art and magical force in the motion of her eyes.-Tatler. Applied to persons using enchantment. Rare. Some of the natives are doubtless magical; and this reason I give for it: Another gentleman and myself one evening sitting under a tree to avoid a storm, (for at that time it thundered and rained excessively,) a negro stood by us trembling, whom we could see now and then lift up his hands and eyes, muttering his black art, as we apprehended, to some hobgoblin; but, when we least suspected, skipped out, and as in a lymphatick rapture, unsheathed a long skean or knife, which he brandished about his head seven or eight times, and after muttering as many spells put it up again; then kissed the earth three times: which done, he rose; and upon a sudden the skie cleared, and no more noise affrighted us. -Sir T. Herbert, Relation of some Years' Travels into Africa and the Great Asia, p. 27. Mágically, adv. In a magical manner; according to the rites of magic; by enchantment. In the time of Valens, divers curious men, by the falling of a ring magically prepared, judged that one Theodorus should succeed in the empire. Camden. Magician. s. One skilled in magic; en- What black magician conjures up this fiend Shakespear, Richard III. i. 2. Rogers, Lines on a Tear. Mágilp. s. [?] See extract. There she weaves by night and day A magic web with colour gay. She has heard a whisper say A curse is on her if she stay To look down on Camelot. She knows not what the curse may be, And so she weaveth steadily, And other little care hath she The Lady of Shalott. Mágic. s. Tennyson, The Lady of Shalott. 1. Art of putting in action the power of spirits; sorcery; enchantment. She once being looft, 2. The noble ruin of her magick, Antony, Shakespear, Antony and Cleopatra, iii. 8. The writers of natural magick attribute much to the virtues that come from the parts of living creatures, as if they did infuse immaterial virtue into the part severed.-Bacon. Mágic Lántern. s. See extract. The... magic lantern... is generally used as a toy, and affords amusement from the grotesque character of the figures; but is also employed to enlarge the diagrams employed in astronomical and other lectures, so as to be seen by an audience: for which purpose it is well adapted, both by its portability and the small cost of the whole apparatus. The principle of its construction is very simple. A lamp, with a powerful Argand burner, is placed within a closed lantern, and in the focus of a con cave mirror. At the opposite side of the lantern is fixed a tube containing a hemispherical illuminating lens and a convex lens, and between is a slit, through which the sliders of painted glass are introduced. In this manner the picture is placed in the axis of the tube, and strongly illuminated, in consequence of the light being concentrated upon it by the mirror. The picture being also in one of the con When linseed oil and mastic varnish are mixed together, they produce a gelatinous compound known under the name of magilp, and used by artists as a vehicle for colours.-Brande and Cox, Dictionary of Science, Literature and Art. Magisterial. adj. 1. Such as suits a magistrate. 2. 3. He bids him attend as if he had the rod over him; and uses a magisterial authority while he instructs him.-Dryden. But it is even more difficult to ascertain the rights which the imperial title conveyed in Rome itself, especially in one important particular. Rome became, it is clear, one of the subject cities of Charlemagne's empire. Even if the Pope had ever possessed any actual or asserted magisterial power, the events of the last year had shown that he did not govern Rome. He had no force, even for his personal security, against conspiracy or popular tumult.Milman, History of Latin Christianity, b. iv. ch. xii. Lofty; arrogant; proud; insolent; despotic; masterly. We are not magisterial in opinions, nor, dictatorlike, obtrude our notions on any man. - Sir T. Browne, Vulgar Errours. Pretences go a great way with men that take fair words and magisterial looks, for current payment. -Sir R. L'Estrange. Those men are but trepanned who are called to govern, being invested with authority, but bereaved of power; which is nothing else but to mock and be ray them into a splendid and magisterial way of being ridiculous.-South, Sermons. Chemically prepared, after the manner of a Magistery. Of corals are chiefly prepared the powder ground upon a marble, and the magisterial salt, to good purpose in some fevers: the tincture is no more than a solution of the magisterial salt. - Grew, Museum. |