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ABRIDGMENT OF THE DEBATES OF CONGRESS.

SEPTEMBER, 1850.]

Adjournment.

[31ST CONG.

before them, were ready to adjourn if he had | allay the excitement, restore harmony, and bring no further communication to make to them. about a better state of feeling in the country, remains to be seen. As an American citizen, devotedly attached to the institutions of my country, I sincerely hope it may; and I trust that the dangers with which we have been threatened will serve as

Mr. EWING, from that committee, reported that they had performed the duty assigned them, and that the President replied that he

had no further communication to make.

On motion, it was ordered that a message be sent to the House of Representatives, to inform the House that the Senate, having finished the business before them, are about to adjourn.

On motion, it was

“Resolved, unanimously, That the thanks of the Senate are due, and are hereby tendered, to the Hon. WILLIAM R. KING, for the ability, dignity, and impartiality with which he has performed the duties of President of the Senate pro tem."

Mr. KING, President pro tem., then rose, and

addressed the Senate as follows:

SENATORS: Our protracted session is about to close. The causes which have led to its unusual extension were of a character well calculated to produce an excited state of feeling, and occasionally to lead to altercations of a very unpleasant character. Whether the action of Congress will

a warning to all future Congresses to deal justly by every section, and to respect the constitutional of our Union. In discharging the duties imposed rights of all, if they would insure the permanency upon me as your presiding officer, I may, in the opinion of some, have been too strict in the enforcement of the rules adopted for the government of this body. Should this be the case, I can only say that it gives me no pleasure to exercise authority, and I have only been led to do so when the occasion called for it by an imperious sense of called me to preside. In taking leave of you, Senduty to the Senate, over which your kindness has ators, I can but express my grateful sense of the kindness and courtesy with which I have uniformly been treated. I wish you all a safe return to your respective homes.

He then proclaimed that the Senate was adjourned sine die.

INDEX TO VOL. XVI.

ABBOTT, AMOs, Representative from Massachusetts, 115.
See Index, vol. 15.

ARCHER, WILLIAM S., on the death of Judge Pennybacker,
80; on the three million loan bill, 105. See Index, vols.
14, 15.

Ardent Spirits in the Navy.-See Index, vol. 10.

A. B. Plot, The.-See Index, vol. 8, Edwards, Ninian, Ad- | Arkansas Territory.-See Index, vol. 6, Territories.
dress of.

ADAMS, GREEN, Representative from Kentucky, 116.
ADAMS, JOHN QUINCY, Representative from Massachusetts,
115; on the return of Santa Anna, 143; illness and death
of, 147, 148; obsequies of, 155; resolution relative to,
187. See Index, vols. 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15.
ADAMS, Mrs., resolution in favor of, free postage for, 157;
her reply, 158.

|

Arkansas, vote for President in 1848, 805.

Arkansas Western Boundary.-See Index, vols. 7, 8.
Armory, Western.-See Index, vol. 8.

Army Appropriations.-See Index, vol. 15.

Army Desertion, Prevention of.—See Indes, vol. 8, and
Index vol. 9, Desertion.

Army.-See Index, vols. 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 10, 15.

ASHE, WILLIAM S., Representative from North Carolina, 351.
Addresses of the Senate and House in answer to Presi- ASHLEY, CHESTER, Senator from Arkansas, 115; on the Su-

dent's Messages.-See Index, vols. 1, 2.

Adjournment of Congress.-See Index, vols. 7, 10.

Admirals in the Navy.-See Index, vols. 2, 12.
Africans captured.-See Index, vol. 9.

preme Court bill, 166; decease of, 190. See Index,

vol. 15.

ASHMUN, GEORGE, Representative from Massachusetts, 115,
351; on the French revolution, 178. See Index, vol. 15.

African Slaves and Slavery.-See Index, vols. 1, 2, and In- Assassination of the President, attempted.-See Index,
dex, vol. 6, Slavery.

African Squadron, Instructions to.-See Index, vol. 15.
Agriculture, Committee on.-See Index, vol. 8.
Alabama, vote for President in 1848, 305.

ALBERTSON, NATHANIEL, Representative from Indiana, 351.
ALEXANDER, HENRY P., Representative from New York, 851.
Alexandria, retrocession of.-See Index, vol. 15.
Algerine War.-See Index, vol. 1.

vol. 12.

Assaults on the President's Secretary.-See Index, vol. 10.
Assumption of State Debts.-See Index, vol. 14.
ATCHISON, DAVID R., Senator from Missouri, 115, 351, Presi-
dent of Senate.

ATHERTON, CHARLES G., Senator from New Hampshire, 115.
See Index, vols. 13, 14, 15.

ATKINSON, ARCHIBALD, Representative from Virginia, 116.

Allegiance, Foreign.—See Index, vol. 1; also Index, vols. Attorney-General, Office of.—See Index, vol. 10.
2, 5, 6, Expatriation.

ALLEN, CHARLES, Representative from Massachusetts, 351.
ALLEN, WILLIAM, Senator from Ohio, 115; on the Supreme

Court bill, 167; on the railroad across the Isthmus of
Panama, 295; on the Department of the Interior, 885.
See Index, vols. 12, 13, 14, 15.

ALSTON, ALBERT J., Representative from Alabama, 351.
Amelia Island.-See Index, vol. 6.

Amendment of the Constitution.-See Index, vols. 1, 2, 3, 5,
7, 8, 9, 12, 15.

AVERETT, THOMAS H., Representative from Virginia, 351.

B

BADGER, GEORGE E., Senator from North Carolina, 115, 851;
on the three million loan bill, 72, 78; on the Supreme
Court bill, 176; on the Oregon territorial bill, 210; on
the Oregon, Californian and New Mexican territorial
bill, 233, 234; on the Galphin claim, 608.

Amendment of the Journal of the House.-See Index, BAGBY, ARTHUR P., Senator from Alabama, 115; on the
vol. 7.

Amy Dardin's Horse.-See Index, vols. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 11.
ANDERSON, JOHN, the case of-See Index, vol. 6, Bribery.
ANDERSON, JOSIAH M., Representative from Tennessee, 351.
ANDREWS, GEORGE R., Representative from New York,
851.

Appointments, Executive.-See Index, vol. 5.
Apportionment.—See Ratio of Representation.

Oregon territorial bill, 208. See Index, vols. 14, 15.
Bahama Banks.-See Index, vol. 9.

BAKER, EDWARD D., Representative from Illinois, 351; on
the death of the President of the United States, 570.
See Index, vol. 15.

BALDWIN, ROGER S., Senator from Connecticut, 115, 851;
on the committee to prepare a Compromise, 434.
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.-See Index, vol. 10.

Appropriations, Naval.-See Index, vols. 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 11, Baltimore and Washington Railroad.-See Index, vol. 11.
13, 15.

Bank and State, Divorce of.—See Index, vol. 18.

Bank Notes in Payment of Duties.-See Index, vols, 7, 13. | Bounty Land Bill.-In the Senate, an explanatory act
Bank Notes, Tax on.-See Inder, vol. 14.

Bank of England.-See Index, vol. 11.

Bank of the United States.-See Index, vols. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
9, 11, 12, 13, 14.

Bankrupt Act.-See Index, vols. 2, 3, 7, 14.

Bankruptcy, Law of, applicable to Banks.-See Index,

vol. 13.

Banks, Deposit.-See Index, vols. 7, 12, 13.

BARNWELL, R. W., Senator from South Carolina, 558; on
the compromise bill, 583.

Barracks at New Orleans.-See Index, vol. 9.

passed, 609.

BOWDON, FRANKLIN W., Representative from Alabama,
116, 851.

BOWIE, RICHARD I., Representative from Maryland, 851.
BOWLIN, JAMES B., Representative from Missouri, 116, 851.
See Index, vol. 15.

BOYD, LINN, Representative from Kentucky, 115, 361.
BOYDON, NATHANIEL, Representative from North Carolina,

116.

BRADBURY, JAMES W., Senator from Maine, 115, 851; on Mr.
Bell's resolutions, 515.

BARRINGER, DANIEL M., Representative from North Caro- BRADY, JASPER E., Representative from Pennsylvania, 116
lina, 116. See Index, vol. 15.

BARROW, WASHINGTON, Representative from Tennessee, 116.
Batture at New Orleans.-See Index, vol. 4; do. at St.

Louis, see Index, vol. 6.

BAY, WILLIAM V. N., Representative from Missouri, 351.
BAYLY, THOMAS H., Representative from Virginia, 116, 351;
on the death of the President, 571.
BEALE, JAMES M. H., Representative from Virginia, 851.
BEALE, RICHARD L. S., Representative from Virginia, 116.
Beaumarchais, claim of.-See Index, vols. 8, 5, 6, 7, 8.
BEDINGER, HENRY, Representative from Virginia, 116. See
Index, vol. 15.

BELCHER, HIRAM, Representative from Maine, 115.
Belgium, Mission to.-See Index, vol. 11.
Belgium, Trade with-See Index, vol. 13.
BELL, JOHN, Senator from Tennessee, 115, 351.
Bennet, Henry, Representative from New York, 851.
BENTON, THOMAS H., Senator from Missouri, 115, 351; on
the death of Senator Barrow, 24; on the lieutenant-
general, 86; on the three million loan bill, 85; on the
heirs of John Paul Jones, 146; on the illness of John
Quincy Adams, 147; on the death of Mr. Adams, 155;
on the Supreme Court bill, 169; on the California claims,
174; on the Oregon bill, 249; on the railroad across the
Isthmus of Panama, 253, 294; on the Missouri resolu
tions on slavery, 380; on Mr. Clay's compromise reso-
lution, 399; on Mr. Bell's resolutions, 491, 504, 506, 508,
518, 521; on the Select Committee of Thirteen, 524, 526,
530, 533, 541, 542; on the line of the treaty of Utrecht,
594. See Index, vols. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 18, 14.
BERRIEN, JOHN MCPHERSON, Senator from Georgia, 115, 851;
on the three million loan bill, 41, 42, 44; on the Oregon
bill, 250; on the general appropriation bill, 317, 828, 344,
346; on the death of the President of the United States,
564. See Index, vols. 14, 15.

Bill for the Annexation of Texas.-See Index, vol. 15.
Bills, Money-See Index, vol. 1.

Brazil, affairs with.-See Index, vol. 10.
Breach of Privilege.-See Index, vols. 2, 4.
Breakwater on the Delaware.-See Index, vol. 8.
BRECK, DANIEL, Representative from Kentucky, 351.
BREESE, SIDNEY, Senator from Illinois, 115; on the death of
Senator Barrow, 24; on the death of Senator Ashley of
Arkansas, 195; on the territorial bill, 226. See Index,
vol. 15.

Brevet rank-See Index, vol. 9.
Bribery.-See Index, vol. 6.

BRIGGS, GEORGE, Representative from New York, 851.
BRIGHT, JESSE D., Senator from Indiana, 115, 351; on the

Oregon territorial bill, 207.

British Aggressions on Commerce.-See Index, vol. 3.
British Colonial Trade.—See Index, vols. 9, 11.
British Intrigues.-See Index, vol. 4.

British Invasion of American Soil.-See Index, vol. 18.
British Minister, conduct of.-See Index, vol. 4.
British Outrages at Schlosser.-See Index, vol. 14.
British Trespasses on the State of Maine.—See Indez,
vol. 13.

British West India Trade.-See Index, vol. 6.
BROCKENBROUGH on the three million loan bill, 63.
BRODHEAD, RICHARD, Representative from Pennsylvania,
116. See Index, vol. 15.

BROOKS, JAMES, Representative from New York, 851; on
the Franklin expedition, 546.

Brown, ALBERT G., Representative from Mississippi, 116,
351; on the election of Speaker, 864.
BROWN, CHARLES, Representative from Pennsylvania, 116.
BROWN, JAMES, descendants of—See Index, vol. 18.
BROWN, WILLIAM G., Representative from Virginia, 116
See Index, vol. 15.

BROWN WILLIAM J., Representative from Indiana, 351. See
Index, vol. 15.

BUCKNER, AYLETT, Representative from Kentucky, 116.
BUEL, ALEXANDER W., Representative from Michigan, 351.

BINGHAM, KINGSLEY S., Representative from Michigan, Buffalo and New Orleans Road.-See Index, vol. 11.
116, 351.

BIRDSALL, AUSBURN, Representative from New York, 115.
Bishop, Flaget.-See Index, vol. 11.

BISSELL, WILLIAM H., Representative from Illinois, 351.
BLACK, JAMES A., Representative from South Carolina, 116;
decease of, 161. See Index, vol. 15.
BLANCHARD, JOHN, Representative from Pennsylvania, 116.
Blank Ballots, shall they be counted!-See Index, vol. 4.
Blue Lights as signals to the enemy.-See Index, vol. 5.
BоCOCK, THOMAS S., Representative from Virginia, 116, 351.
BOKEE, DAVID A., Representative from New York, 351.
Books, purchase of.-In the Senate, a resolution to buy ten
thousand copies of Hickey's edition of the Constitution,
603; lost, 604. See Index, vols. 12, 13, 14.
BOOTH, WALTER, Representative from Connecticut, 351.
BORLAND, SOLON, Senator from Arkansas, 351; on the death

of Senator Ashley of Arkansas, 192; on the select com-
mittee of thirteen, 543.

BOTTS, JOHN M., Representative from Virginia, 116.
Bounty for Fishing Vessels.-See Index, vol. 3, Duties.

Burning of the Library of Congress.-See Index, vol. 5.
Burrows, LORENZO, Representative from New York, 851.
Bursting of the Princeton Gun.-See Index, vol. 15.
BURT, ARMISTEAD, Representative from South Carolina, 851
BUTLER, ANDREW P., Senator from South Carolina, 113,
851; on the three million loan bill, 79; on the death of
the Hon. James A. Black, 163; on the death of the Hon.
A. D. Sims, 281; on the territorial bill, 230, 245; on the
territory of Minnesota, 291; on slavery, 458; on the
death of Hon. John C. Calhoun, 468; on Mr. Bell's reso-
lutions, 489; on the Galphin claim, 606, 609.
BUTLER, CHESTER, Representative from Pennsylvania, 116,

851.

BUTLER, THOMAS B., Representative from Connecticut, 851
BUTLER, WILLIAM O., vote for as Vice President, 305.

C

CABELL, EDWARD C., Representative from Florida, 116,
851. See Index, vol. 15.

CABLE, JOSEPH, Representative from Ohio, 851.

CALDWELL, GEORGE A., Representative from Kentucky, 351.
See Index, vol. 15.

Caraccas, Relief of.-See Index, vol. 4.
CARTER, DAVID K., Representative from Ohio, 851.
CASEY, JOSEPH, Representative from Pennsylvania, 351.

CALDWELL, JOSEPH P., Representative from North Caroli- CASS, LEWIS, Senator from Michigan, 115, 351; on the three
na, 351.

CALHOUN, HON. JOHN C., Senator from South Carolina, 115,
351; on the three million loan, 55, 95; on the slavery
resolutions, 81; on the Supreme Court bill, 178; on Yu-
catan, 188; on the message on Yucatan, 202; on the Or-
egon territorial government, 245, 250; on the general
appropriation bill, 309, 311, 312; on the Department of
the Interior, 337, 338, 339; on the compromise, 403, 432;
on slavery, 441, 442; decease of, 462; obsequies of, 474.
See Index, vols. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15.
California and New Mexico.-Resolution relating to ter-
ritorial bills, 306, message on, 884.
California Claims.—In the Senate, the bill to ascertain and
pay, considered, 174; evidence of the claims, 174; con-
cerns public history, 174; the conquest achieved before
the Mexican war was known there, 175; Fremont com-
mences his third expedition, 175; his course, 175; offi-
cial report of first difficulty by the consul at Monterey,
175; hoisting our flag an act of protection, 176; Fre-
mont's reason for the act, 176; proceeds towards Ore-
gon, 176; meets Lieut. Gillespie, 176; despatches, 176;
turns back from Oregon, 176; letter of the Secretary,
177; attack of Indians, 177; arrival in the valley of Sa-
cramento, 178; future movements, 178, 179, 180; ex-
tracts from the depositions, 181, 182; conclusion of the
war, 184; the same men who began the war finished it,
185.

We may now inquire what we are likely to gain by
this war, 185; subject of territory, 186; population of
California, 186; revolution in France not reached its
termination, 186.

Charge made against the United States of commen-
cing a war of aggression, 186; the claim as based on
services rendered, 186; administration not responsible
for hostile acts of Fremont, 187; bill taken up, 292; de-
lay the postage bill, 292; substitute offered and agreed
to, 293; referred to a select committee, 293; report of
the committee, 293; motion to consider the report lost,
298.
California. In the Senate, a message from the President
transmitting the constitution of California, 879; prece-
dents relative to the admission of states, 898; Iowa,
Vermont, 398; ordered printed, 898; motion to refer to
a committee, 899.

In the Senate, vote relative to, 589; admission of, 590;
protest against, 590. See Slavery Compromise.
California Senators.—In the Senate, credentials presented,

596; constitutional provisions for the election have not
been complied with, 596; motion to refer to the com-
mittee on the judiciary, 596; important that the Sena-
tors should take their seats, 596; reference unnecessary,
596; no other case of the kind occurred since the for-
mation of the Government, 596; no State admitted with-
out a previous territorial Government, 596; further de-
bate, 597, 598; motion to refer lost, 599.
CALVIN, SAMUEL, Representative from Pennsylvania, 351.
CAMERON, SIMON, Senator from Pennsylvania, 115; on the

death of the Hon. John W. Hornbeck, 144. See Index,
vol. 15.

CAMPBELL, LEWIS C., Representative from Ohio, 351.
CAMPBELL, THOMAS J., chosen clerk of the House, 118, 382.
CAMPBELL, W. W., on the territorial government, 29. See
Index, vol. 15.

Canadian Refugees.-See Index, vols. 2, 5.
Canal in Illinois.-See Index, vol. 9.

Canal around Muscle Shoals.-See Index, vol. 9.
CANBY, RICHARD S., Representative from Ohio, 116.

million loan, 50, 59, 61; on the occupation of Yucatan,
199, 200; vote for as President, 305; on slavery, 488,
440, 443, 445, 447, 449, 452, 454; on Mr. Bell's resolu-
tions, 505, 508; on the select committee of thirteen,
536, 544; on the death of the President of the United
States, 562. See Index, vol. 15.

CATHCART, CHARLES W., Representative from Indiana, 116.
Caucus, Congressional.—See Index, vol. 5, and Index, vol.
7, Amendments of the Constitution.
CHALMERS on the writings of Alexander Hamilton, 22.
CHANDLER, JOSEPH R., Representative from Pennsylvania,
851; on the death of Hon. Daniel P. King, 587.
CHAPMAN, JOHN G., Representative from Maryland, 116.
See Index, vol. 15.

Charges d'Affaires, Appointment of-See Index, vol. 9.
Charitable Objects.-See Index, vol. 1.

CHASE, LUCIEN B., Representative from Tennessee, 116.
CHASE, SALMON P., Senator from Ohio, 851; on enticing
slaves from the District of Columbia, 601.
CHASE, Judge, official conduct and trial of.—See Index,
vol. 3.

Chesapeake and Delaware Canal.—See Index, vol. 10.
Chesapeake Frigate, Attack on.-See Index, vol. 8.
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal.-See Index, vols. 8, 9, 10.
Choctaw Lands, Encroachments on.-See Index, vol. 9.
Cholera, Asiatic.-See Index, vol. 11.

CILMORE, ALFRED, Representative from Pennsylvania, 851.
Claim, Agencies.-See Index, vol. 11.
CLAPP, ASA W. H., Representative from Maine, 115.
CLARK, BEVERLY L., Representative from Kentucky, 116.
CLARK, FRANKLIN, Representative from Maine, 115.
CLARKE, CHARLES E., Representative from New York, 351.
CLARKE, JOHN H., Senator from Rhode Island, 115, 351; on
the territorial bill, 225.

CLAY, HENRY, Senator from Kentucky, 351; on the com-
promise resolutions, 394, 395, 436; on the death of Hon.
John C. Calhoun, 471; on Mr. Bell's resolutions, 490,
499; on the select committee of thirteen, 523, 525, 581;
on the compromise report from the committee of thir-
teen, on the compromise bill, 554, 578, 584; on the com-
promise bill, 578. See Index, vols. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11,
12, 13.
CLAYTON, JOHN M., Senator from Delaware, 115; on the
aid for Yucatan, 197; on the Oregon bill, 221, 223; on
the compromise, 224; on the Oregon territorial govern-
ment, 242; on the railroad across the Isthmus of Pana-
ma, 296. See Index, vol. 15.

CLEMENS, JEREMIAH, Senator from Alabama, 851; on the
death of the Hon. John C. Calhoun, 474.
Clerk of the House.-See Index, vol. 10.
CLEVELAND, CHAUNCEY, Representative from Connecticut,

851.

CLINGMAN, THOMAS L., Representative from North Caro-
lina, 116, 851. See Index, vol. 15.

COBB, HOWELL, Representative from Georgia, 116, 851; on
Oregon, 205; chosen Speaker, 372; his address, 372.
COBB, WILLIAMSON R. T., Representative from Alabama,

116,851.

COCKE, WILLIAM M., Representative from Tennessee, 116.
See Index, vol. 15.

Cod Fisheries-See Index, vols. 1, 2, and Index, vol. 5, Du-
ties.

Coinage, Silver.-See Index, vol. 12.
Coin, Gold.-See Index, vol. 12.

Coins, Foreign Silver.- See Index, vols. 6, 7, 11.

COLCOCK, WILLIAM F., Representative from South Caro-
lina, 351.

COLE, ORSAMUS, Representative from Wisconsin, 851.
COLLAMER, JACOB, Representative from Vermont, 115. See

Index, vol. 15.

Collection District, Western.-See Index, vol. 8.
COLLINS, WILLIAM, Representative from New York, 115.
Colombia, Minister to.-See Index, vol. 11.
Colombia River.-See Index, vols. 7, 8, 10.
Colonization Society.—See Index, vols. 9, 11, 18.
COLQUITT, WALTER T., Senator from Georgia, 115; on the
three million loan bill, 76. See Index, vols. 14, 15.
Commerce of the United States.-See Index, vols. 1, 8.
Commerce of the West.-See Index, vol. 10.

Committee, Select, on the compromise resolutions, 545.
Compensation of Members.--See Index, vols. 5, 10, Pay of
Members.

Compensation of President and Vice-President.-See In-
dex, vols, 1, 2.

CONGER, HARMON S., Representative from New York, 115,

851.

Congress convenes at 1st session of 80th, 115; adjourns at
1st session of 30th, 256; convenes at 2d session of 30th,
255; 2d session of 30th adjourns, 350; 1st session 31st
convenes, 351; adjourns at end of 1st session of 31st,
610.

Connecticut, vote for President in 1848, 315.

CONRAD, CHARLES M., Representative from Louisiana, 851;
on the death of the President of the United States, 567.
Constitution, The-In the Senate, motion to amend the
appropriation bill to extend the constitution to the ter-
ritories, 806; the amendment, 306; is the amendment in
order? 806; exciting condition of things in California
and New Mexico, 807; the bill for these territories
probably cannot be reached this session, hence this mo-
tion, 307.

Importance of clear ideas of the question, 308; the
thing is impossible, 808; it is that the President shall
govern this territory as he sees fit until Congress makes
provision, 308; would the habeas corpus be established
in Cuba by the mere act of cession? 308; a territory as
such is no part of the United States, 809.

Does the Constitution of the United States extend to
the territories? 809; it is the supreme law of the land,
809; the territories are a part, 309; have we any au-
thority beyond the reach of the constitution? 309; if
the constitution is there it shields the South, 809; the
constitution has no half way operation in regard to any
section, 809.

How does the constitution get there? 310; Congress
has established principles in regard to the territories
utterly repugnant to the constitution, 310; the land
means the States, 810; no legislation necessary to ex-
tend the constitution, under this view, 310; this reason-
ing cannot be maintained, 310, the whole history of co-
lonial conquests shows the reverse, 811.

How does Congress get any power over the terri-
tories? 311; if the constitution does not extend to the
territories you have no right to do any act relating to
them, 311; all legislative enactments must be made in
accordance with this supreme law, 311; can you estab-
lish titles of nobility in California? 811.

Is a territory, while it remains a territory, a part of
the United States? 811; where is the judicial power of
the United States vested? 311; the clause of the consti-
tution gives Congress power over the territories, 811;
it is said Congress has no power to make internal im-
provements, but these are voted for the territories, 311;
our bistory full of illustrations, 812.

Whatever belongs to the United States they have au-
thority over, 812; the strongest intellect cannot main-
tain the opposite of this proposition, 312; we cannot be
deprived of our equal participation in those territories

without being deprived of the rights the constitution
gives us, 812.

Constitution or no constitution there, as the laws of
California stand, there is no right to carry slavery
there, 812; you cannot extend the constitution to these
territories, 313.

We have the power to extend it, 818; it erects Call-
fornia into a State at once, 818; the most summary
mode to dispose of this question, 818; the objection
that the constitution does not extend to the territories,
and that Congress cannot extend it there, 314; inevi
table consequence of this doctrine, 315; if the constitu-
tion does not extend over the territories, what does?
815; when any territory is acquired from a foreign gov
ernment it becomes a part of the United States, 816;
opinion of Washington, 816; case of Kentucky, 816;
reason for objection to this amendment, 317.

The constitution cannot operate of its own force in
the territories, 318; object of the constitution also to
establish certain great principles, 318; portions extend
to the territories, and portions of it do not, 318; the es-
tablishment of territorial government is evidence to
that extent of the extension of the constitution to the
territories, 818; cases before the Supreme Court, $19;
the proposition to continue the Mexican laws in force,
819; the distinction between provisions of the constita-
tion applicable to territories, and those which are not,
820.

If the principles of the constitution extend to the
territories, why do you want a special act? 820.

The constitution is the supreme law of the land, 321;
upon what principle can we restrict it to part of the
land? 321; we are bound by the principles of the con-
stitution in legislating for the territories, 321; how did
the criminal code of the United States get to the North-
West territory? 322; it does not require an express act
to extend our criminal code, 822; the question of the
duties of officers of the Government under the con-
stitution growing out of their oaths of offices, settles
this point, 822; what oath do these officers take? 323;
how does your treaty operate in California and New
Mexico? 823; would the people in these countries be
traitors if they committed the act of treason? 823;
whence does this question grow? 824; let the people of
the territory settle their own institutions, 324; the
North is saying these people shall not have the power
to mould their own institutions, 324; why restrict
them? 325; why refuse to extend the shield of the con
stitution over them because it may protect slavery?

825.

Are gentlemen willing to compromise this question?
826; we might as well adopt the Wilmot Proviso, as af-
firm the Mexican law prohibiting slavery, 826; will you
also affirm the privileges of the Catholic church? 826.

The proposition of this amendment, an established
precedent, 326; explanation, 827; it is denied that the
laws of a conquered country remain in force until they
are specially repealed, 828.

The issue of slavery or no slavery is not involved,
828; give time for reason and patriotism to resume
their sway, 328; the postponement of the decision of
the slavery question at this session much more propi-
tious for the Union than its decision, 829; first amend-
ment rejected, 380.

Modification offered to the other amendment, 80;
further debate, 331; amendment adopted, 831.

In the House, the appropriation bill with the amend-
ment of the Senate considered, 333; amended in the
House, 833; further amendment relative to the coast-
wise slave trade adopted, 833.

In the Senate, committee of conference report they

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