nongahela, either by land or up the Ohio. The particulars of the defeated camps and of their novel adventure to New Orleans, have repeatedly been told to me by Jacob Sodousyk himself, who died but a few years since in Jessamine county -a man distinguished for his integrity and veracity. The first evidence of Harrod's arrival in Kentucky, in 1775, is found in a letter written by Col. Floyd, when near Cumberland Gap, to Col. Preston, dated April 21, 1775, and forwarded to him by James McAfee, who was then returning from Kentucky. He states that "Capt. Harrod, with fortytwo men, had arrived at his last year's settlement before the McAfees left those parts." Yet it is known that Captain Harrod did not stop at Harrodsburg, but went on some eight *miles further to the Boiling Spring, near Danville, where he occasionally camped or resided during that season, though he neither built cabins nor a fort there until 1779 or 1780. It is further evident, from the journal of the Convention of Delegates, which met at Boonsborough on the 23d of May, 1775, that Captain Harrod appeared there as a Delegate, not from Harrodsburg, but from the Boiling Spring, the place of his subsequent residence until death, as also the continued residence of his widow to the present day. On the 8th of September, 1775, Hugh McGary, Thomas Denton, and Rich. Hogan, with their families, reached Harrodsburg, having just before separated from Boone's family, with whom they had travelled out as far as the Hazlepatch, according to the written statement of the late Gen. James Ray, of Mercer county, who was the step-son of McGary, and one of the party himself. He further adds, that upon their arrival there, they found four cabins built, only one of which was occupied by five old soldiers, who had followed Harrod's party out. Such was the remnant found at Harrodsburg in the fall, of the forty-two adventurers who had followed Capt. Harrod out in the spring, and who had elected their Delegates to the first Legislative body of Kentucky, which met at Boonsborough in May, 1775. Many of them no doubt were of that class of adventurers from about Pittsburg, so forcibly described as 'cabiners,' by Col. Floyd, in some of his letters already published in the Commonwealth. it is well ascertained that the fort at Harrodsburg was not built till the winter or spring of 1775-6, after the arrival there of McGary's party, and of some other parties from North Carolina, who came out with the view of permanent settlement. tachment law, a law for preserving the game and for appointing civil and military officers.' Col. Boone states in his letter to Col. Henderson, as quoted above, I have sent a man down to all the lower companies, in order to gather them all at the mouth of Otter creek.' Now sir, do not the facts, as thus presented by Floyd and Boone in these extracts indicate, that all the people in the country, at that early period, were here under the auspices of Henderson & Co.; that they were subject to the peremptory orders of Boone, as the military agent of the company; and that Boonsborough being the only fortified place, was the spot fixed upon by the company, and so regarded by the people, as the head quarters of the Colony. And is it not the most rational inference that until the latter part of the year 1775, Harrodsburg, the Boiling Spring, and St. Asaph's, were not regularly settled places, of which continuous possession was held; but that they were merely station camps, as they were celled, noted places of rendezvous, where the hunters, explorers, and improvers, would occasionally meet together and sojourn until other parties were formed for similar purposes of hunting, exploration, or improvement. By reference to the journal of the Convention, Butler's History, page 506, it will be seen, that John Floyd and Jas. Douglass appeared in said Convention as Delegates from St. Asaph's, near Stanford,) and from Harrodsburg. Now it is well known that both Floyd and Douglass had no fixed residence in Kentucky in 1775; that they came to the country as surveyors, and were engaged all that summer in making military surveys on the north side of the Kentucky river. Doubtless they received the appointment from the kindness, of such of their fellow travellers through the wilderness, who happened to be at St. Asaph's and at Harrodsburgh, when the elections were held; although the Delegates themselves, most probably, were never at either of those places until after the meeting of the Convention.Floyd never mentions St. Asaph's until May 30th, a week after the Convention met. In a letter (from Boonsborough, where most of his letters were written,) dated December 1st, 1775, Floyd states that there were then 500,000 acres of land entered in the land office of Henderson & Co., and that the people were waiting for it to be surveyed. As soon as Harrodsburg assumed the condition of a permanent settlement, and shortly after the arrival there of McGary and party, with their families, Henderson & Co. erected a house and opened their land office there, as appears from their ledger and from several land warrants for six hundred and forty acres each, now in my possession, which issued from Harrodsburg on the 23d of March, 1776. Sufficient supplies of ammunition and coarse goods had also been furnished by the company in 1775, to the emigrants at Harrods of Col. Harrod, whom I have known since 1786, and con- In relation to St. Asaph's or Logan's station, Mr. Butler in his history seems to have quite misapprehended the language of Col. Floyd. The history (page 30) states that the precise date of this establishment cannot be ascertained; Col. Floyd speaks of its being known as a station or fortified settlement, in May, 1775.' The only reference made by Col. Floyd to St. Asaph's, is contained in the following ex-burg and the Boiling Spring. tract of a letter, dated Kentucky Levels (on Elkhorn) May I have recently visited, at the Boiling Spring, the widow 30th, 1775-My company are still settled near Green River, on the southern waters of the Kentucky, and have erected a little town which they call St. Asaph's where they are making crops of corn.' Col. Floyd in his letters often speaks of the towns or settlements; and in the journal of the Convention the word town is used as synonymous with settlement. Delegates were summoned from the towns or settlements of Boonsborough, Harrodsburg, the Boiling Spring, and St. Asaph's. Yet it is incontestible, that in May 1775, Boonsborough alone was a fortified place. It does not appear from any of the papers in my possession, that Gen. Logan was in Kentucky until the latter part of the year 1775, Col. Floyd acknowledges the receipt of a letter from Virginia by the hands of Logan, on Nov. 28th, 1775; and it is believed that he made his first crop at St. Asaph's, in 1776, while his family were in the fort at Harrodsburg for safety. In his letter of May 30th, 1775, two months after the erection of the fort at Boonsborough, Col. In the spring of 1775, my father brought out and planted Floyd states, that all the settlers had received Col. Hender- at Boonsborough, a nursery of some 500 apple scions; but son as proprietor of that side of the Kentucky river which they were all cut down by the Indians, and his cabin, half is called Transylvania Colony. He has called to Boons- a mile from the fort, burnt down in July 1776, while he borough, Delegates from all the settlements, in order to form and his brother, Major David Hart, were on the pursuit of some regulations among the people. They are eighteen in the Indians, who had captured Boone's and Calloway's number, who have made laws for establishing courts of jus-aughters. The fact may be worthy of a place in this lettice, rules for proceeding therein, also a militia law, an at-ter, in connexion with the above incident, as illustrative of the superior sagacity and fleetness of the woodsmen of that day, that, of some twenty men engaged in the pursuit, who started out in separate parties as they heard of the capture, several of these parties were in hearing of the guns of the forward party, when Bcone and Floyd rescued the girls, after a hot pursuit for twenty-four hours, and to the distance of near fifty miles. was addressed. Henderson, Ky., May 18th, 1840. of the Cherokees, March 17, 1775, their title to the land First you state, that Henderson and Company purchased south of the Kentucky river; when the fact is, that that pany of the Cherokees. Said company received two deeds was but a small portion of the purchase made by said comat the same time from the Cherokees. The one mentioned in Butler's History of Kentucky, was called by the parties 9th instant, containing the copy of a letter written in KenDear Sir:-I received the 'Literary New-Letter' of the tucky on the 18th of July, 1775, by Cols. Henderson and Luttrell, two of the members of the Land Company known as Henderson and Company,' to the remaining members then resident in North Carolina. Believing it important to In connexion with the early history of Kentucky, it may not be amiss to state, that Cumberland (now middle Ten- correct any mistake, however trivial, I am induced to address nessee) was also mainly settled under the auspices of Hen-you, and point out one, made in your introduction of this derson & Co., who started from Boonsborough on the 5th of letter; also an error of the two names to whom said letter March, 1780, and after taking possession of the French Lick, erected a fort on the present site of Nashville. About the same time, Col. John Donaldson, with a number of families started from the Long Island, on Holston river, and met the company at the French Lick, having passed through the Chichamoga towns, on the Tennessee, under a heavy fire from the Indians, notwithstanding that Capt. Coffery had previously obtained a pledge from one of the chiefs of a at the time, The Path Deed,' and the other, The Great safe passage. But passing the towns unexpectedly, the party, in their fright and confusion, at first failed to hang out Grant,' which reads as follows: 'Embracing all that tract, a blanket, (the signal agreed upon,) which, when thought of territory, or parcel of land, situate, lying, and being, in North and done, caused a cessation of the attack, the party having the Mississippi; beginning on the said Ohio river at the America, on the Ohio river, one of the eastern branches of lost a few horses killed and some wounded. In March, mouth of Cantucky, Chenoea, or what, by the English, is 1780, my father sent from Boonsborough, in perogues, some called Louisa river; from thence running up said river and three hundred bushels of corn, under the command of the the most northwardly branch of the same to the head spring late Maj. William Bailey Smith, of Ohio county, Kentuc- thereof; thence a south-east course to the top ridge of Powell's ky. This corn was taken down the, Kentucky river, and mountains; thence westwardly along the ridge of said mounover the Falls of the Ohio, to the mouth of the Cumberland, tain, unto a point from which a north-west course will hit or and thence up that river to the fort at French Lick. It is strike the head spring of the most southwardly branch of believed to have been the only bread which the settlers had Cumberland river; thence down the said river, including all until it was raised there in 1781; for although corn was planted at the French Lick in 1780, yet the place was so its waters, to the Ohio river; thence up the said river as it annoyed by the Cherokees, that the settlers were not permit-meanders to the beginning,' &c. The reason why this last ted to cultivate it. This corn had been raised by my father at Boonsborough, in 1779; and I have now before me an account against Col. Davidson for nine bushels, which he says ought to rate high at the French Lick, as it had been worth $20 per bushel at Boonsborough. grant was omitted in Butler's History of Kentucky, is, that the persons who undertook to examine and make extracts for Mr. B. of the papers relating to the business of Hendersupposing that the deeds were duplicates of the one grant, son & Company. (then in my possession) was mistaken in each having the same date, and signed by the same grantors and witnesses. You have been kind enough to ask my opinion as to the place where the first permanent settlement was made in Kentucky. From the most thorough investigation of all the Most of the papers of Henderson & Company, containing sources of information to which I have had access, as well much that I think will be an acquisition to the society, toas from the tradition of the country with which I have been gether with these deeds, were loaned by me to Judge James familiar for the last sixty years, the conviction upon my mind Hall, of Cincinnati, whom I some time since requested to is irresistible, that Boonsborough was the first place in Ken-forward them to the Kentucky Historical Society, and I hope tucky occupied by the white man, in 1775, with the view of they all have been received. permanent settlement; that it was first taken possession of for this purpose, and continued possession of it maintained thereafter; that Harrodsburg was the second place permanently occupied; that St. Asaph's and the Boiling Spring were alike occupied for several years as Station Camps, with corn-fields in the vicinity of each, before either was used as a place of residence-St. Asaph's as such in 1777, and the Boiling Spring not until 1779 or '80. I have been thus particular, in order that all who felt an interest in the matter might form their own opinions upon the facts stated. If Harrodsburg or any other place claims to have been first settled, I would be pleased to see the evidence to support such claims. With esteem, your humble servant, Errata for number one— -(see vol. ii.) We made one or two errors in the first number of this series of papers, which through the kindness of the gentleman from whom we received the original letter of Henderson and Luttrell, we are enabled to correct in this number; and probably we cannot do it better than by inserting such parts of a private letter from him as relate to the subject, trusting to his indulgence for the liberty we take of publishing a private communication. We sincerely thank Mr. Alves for the corrections, and shall be under great obligations to him for the letters and papers of which he makes mention in the close of his letter. The company was composed of eight members, all citiWilliams, William Johnson, John Luttrell, James Hogg, zens of North Carolina; viz: Richard Henderson, John Thomas Hart, Nathaniel Hart, David Hart, and Leonard Henley Bullock; the last two having but a half share each. The letter you published from Henderson and Luttrell, was directed to Messrs. Harts, Williams, Johnson, Hogg and Bullock; the last two, in your publication, are called Hogan original letter was received from James T. Alvis, instead of and Babcock. You also state in your introduction, that the James Alves. I have some other old letters and papers, from which something might be gleaned, that the society would think worthy of preservation. Cast Iron Fence.-On yesterday, in our walk on fourth street, we were much interested in viewing about one hundred feet of cast iron fence, between Race and Elm, on the north side of Fourth. It was erected in four feet pannels, very tasteful in cast, and to our mind, at least, equally durable with some of the fancy wrought iron palings which cost from five to six dollars per foot; while the fence we allude to, can be erected at an expence not exceeding two dollars and seventy-five cents per foot. It is of a more showy character than any iron castings of a similar construction, heretofore introduced.-Cincin Gaz Speeches in U. s. Convention. The Generous Indian. In the Convention which formed the Constitution of the At the first meeting of the Kentucky Historical Society, United States, seventeen hundred and eighty-two speeches, the following anecdote of Indian generosity and magnanimity long and short, were delivered, according to the Madison was related by a gentleman distinguished in the annals of papers, from which the following has been compiled. Of Kentucky. this number, Richard Bassett, Del. John Blair, Va. George Wythe, Va. William Few, Ga. About the year 1784 or 1785, Mr. Andrew Rowan* embarked in a barge at the Falls of the Ohio, where Louisville now stands, with a party, to descend the river. The boat having stopped at Yellow Banks, on the Indian side, some distance below, Mr Rowan borrowed a rifle of one of the company, stepped on shore and strolled into the bottom, probably rather in pursuit of amusement than game; for, from always having been of a feeble constitution and averse to action, he knew not how to use a rifle, and besides had with him but the single charge of ammunition which was in the gun. He unconsciously protracted his stay beyond what he intended; and returning to the spot where he had landed, saw nothing of the boat nor the company he had left. It being a time of hostility with the Indians, and suspicions of their approach having alarmed the party, they had put off and made down the stream with all possible haste not daring to linger for their companion on shore. Mr. Rowan now found himself alone on the banks of the Ohio, a vast and trackless forest stretching around him, with but one charge of powder, and himself too unskilled in the use of the rifle to profit even by that, and liable at any moment to fall into the hands of the savages. The nearest settlement of the whites was Vincennes, (now in Indiana) distant probably about one hundred miles. Shaping his course as nearly as he could calculate for this, he commenced his perilous and hopeless journey. Unaccustomed to travelling in the forests, he soon lost all reckoning of his way, and wandered about at venture. Impelled by the gnawings of hunger, he discharged his rifle at a deer that happened to pass near him but missed it. The third day found him still wandering, whether toward Vincennes or from it, he knew not-exhausted, famished and despairing. Several times had he laid down as he thought, to die. Roused by the sound of a gun not far distant, betokening, as he well knew, the presence of the Indians, he proceeded towards the spot whence the report had proceeded, resolved as a last hope of life, to surrender himself to those whose tender mercies he knew to be cruel. Advancing a short distance he saw an Indian approaching, who, on discovering him-as the first impulse was on any alarm, with the whites and the Indians on the frontiers, in time of hostilities-drew up his rifle to his shoulder, in readiness to fire. Mr R. turned the butt of his, and the Indian, with French politeness, turned the butt of his also.They approached each other. The Indian, seeing his pale and emaciated appearance, and understanding the cause, took him to his wigwam, a few miles distant, where he cooked for him several days, and treated him with the greatest hospitality. Then learning from him by signs that he wished to go to Vincennes, the Indian immediately left his hunting, took his rifle and a small stock of provisions, and conducted him in safety to that settlement, a distance from his cabin of about eighty miles. Having arrived there, and wishing to reward well the generous Indian to whom he owed his life, Mr. R. made arrangements with a merchant of the settlement, to whom he made himself known, to give him three hundred dolGen. Washington was President of the Convention.-lars. But the Indian would not receive a farthing. When His two speeches were on taking the chair and at the close made to understand by Mr. R., through an interpreter, that of the Convention.-North American. he could not be happy unless he would accept something, he take that; and added, wrapping his own blanket around his replied, pointing to a new blanket near him, that he would shoulders, "when I wrap myself in it I will think of you. Where was there ever a white man, that even in times of peace, would have so befriended an Indian? *Uncle of the present Col. John Rowan, of Louisville. Nat. Free Trader. A vein of lead, about two feet thick and yielding 70 per cent., has been discovered in a limestone quarry, ten miles from Sunbury, Pennsylvania. From the Bankers' Circular. in each year. A prominent feature of this statement is the much greater increase of quantity or official value exported in comparison with the quantity or official value imported, As our monetary system is far more materially influenced and the large proportion which cotton manufactures bear to by the external commerce of the country than by its internal, the total; the increase of cotton yarn exported is still more (although the latter is incomparably the more important both important for its extent, while the increase of linen manuin extent and advantage,) we exhibit, in this week's Circular, factures and metallic substances exhibits gratifying evidences the first of a series of documents illustrative of the extent of unbounded means of supply. The woollen manufactures and nature of the external commerce of Great Britain with exported, the most indigenous of all British productions, beeach of the several nations of the world. The first part of ing as remarkable for its stationary evidence as the others are the present statement shows the total official value of all co- for their increase, but by far the most important feature of lonial and foreign produce imported into Great Britain from the whole of this statement is the column that exhibits the all parts of the world, except Ireland, in each of the twenty- ratio which the declared or invoice value bears to the quansix years since 1813, and the proportion of corn and of raw tity or official value. On an average of the ten years, 1798fibrous material of manufacture included in the total value in 1807, every £100 of official value was equal to £166 of deeach year; and, in juxta-position therewith, we also exhibit clared, invoiced, or real value, while, in 1838-9, the same the annual average price of wheat in each of the same quantity was equal to only £54; the circumstances or causes twenty-six years. It will be seen by this account that the which have led to this remarkable extreme are too various, imports have doubled in quantity during the period, or since involved, and momentous to admit of solution on this occathe termination of the war, but the most prominent feature sion, but when we have produced all the evidence of facts of the account is the inequality in the importation of grain, now collected by us in detail to our readers, we hope to be and the progressive increase of cotton-wool. The increase able to point to such conclusions as must tend to suppress all of flax and decrease of linen yarn is also not undeserving of attempts at disputation on any of the great leading principles notice, and it will be seen, by a subsequent statement we shall of practice in national economy, and satisfy every intelligent exhibit, that instead of importing linen yarn to a great ex- mind in respect to the course towards attaining the great obtent as was the case previous to 1826, since that date the ex-ject of legislation on external commerce, corn, and currency portation of worsted and linen yarn has progressively in- including foreign exchange. And this in a manner which creased from unity to upwards of £1,000,000 per annum. we trust will indicate the practicability of arrangements The second part of the present statement shows the quan- which will give free and sufficient scope to the utmost untity and value of all British produce and manufactures ex-bounded means which Great Britain internally possesses; ported from Great Britain to all parts of the world (except and, at the same time, to prevent a recurrence of those freIreland) in each of the thirty-two years, 1808-1839, in quent revulsions and derangements which occur from time comparison with the annual average quantity and value ex- to time-threatening, on every occasion, increased calamity, ported in the preceding ten years, 1798-1807, and the pro-and giving warning of the final result of irretrievable disorder portion of fibrous manufactures of cotton wool, and flax, and and ruin. also of metals included in the total quantity or official value | IMPORTS. An account in official value of all colonial and foreign Produce imported into Great Britain from all parts of the world (except Ireland) in each of the twenty-six years 1814-1839, showing the proportion of Corn, and of raw material for fibrous manufactures in each year. 1816 1817 29,916,320 2,196,113 1818 35,845,440 3,913,560 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1814 £33,620,770 £1,209,677 £1,989,742 £744,568 £947,673 £272,502 £463,569 £702,782 £774,867 1815 31,822,053 305,572 3,318,211 654,527 632,586 250,757 620,403 691,807 429,287 26,374,920 405,545 3,151,604 316,100 434,825 52,266 312,750 364,299 230,590 4,158,275 617,216 817,857 126,755 388,659 398,545 294,711 5,761,031 1,016,952 844,079 255,697 561,343 708,365 548,366 29,654,899 1,613,024 4,868,838 692,346 795,078 129,668 402,326 621,385 345,175 82.9 31,484,109 1,387,504 4,933,758 375,494 763,479 111,191 355,493 985,157 398,548 69.5 29,724,174 272,992 4,347,258 671,754 1,013,147 134,178 205,493 935,000 406,837 29,432,376 115,914 4,735,252 695,725 1,197,290, 229,325 509,034 943,966 591,113 53. 34,591,264 41,000 6,241,561 678,524 1,082,554 317,242 542,845 1,067,265 431,570 41.11 1824 36,146,448 456,290 4,864,788 762,735 1,455,710, 336,374 464,981 1,464,994 401,583 56.8 1825 42,589,678 1,128,342 7,404,445 1,436,831 2,078,844 326,130 491,025 1,410,770 928,245 62.9 1826 36,038,951 2,147,391 5,726,997 478,419 1,346,803 396,055 1,060,345 212,146 64.8 1827 43,467,747 1,994,214 8,963,688 883,785 1,786,305 463,240 1,524,568 555,490 56. 1828 43,396,527 1,673,417 7,483,109 913,190 1,736,611 1829 42,311,649 3,500,433 7,289,146 678,195 1,845,582 1830 44,815,398 3,270,745 8,720,271 881,354 1,892,748 1831 48,161,661 4,671,354 9,516,087 929,856 1,879,043 1832 43,237,417 898,055 9,469,858 803,371 2,010,518 1833 44,529,287 653,229 10,016,154 1,092,958 2,296,565 1834 47,908,931 617,984 10,888,117 1,290,709 1,660,121 1835 47,463,610 333,389 12,053,460 1,136,871 1,508,639 98. 70.6 61.10 87.4 90.7 62.5 EXPORTS. An account in official value of all British produce and manufactures exported, and of Colonial and foreign produce re-exported from Great Britain to all parts of the world (except Ireland) in each of the 32 years 18071839 and also of the declared value of the British produce and manufactures in each of the same years. .... 1808 26,662,288 40,881,671 153 £7,862,305 £12,503,918 £472,078 £4,853,999 £874,460 15,194,324 18,425,614 1,020,352 4,416,151 1,157,030 33,200,580 43,447,372 131 41,712,002 49,653,245 119 1816 34,774,520 40,328,940 116 1817 39,235,397 40,337,118 102 1818 41,963,527 45,188,250 107 1819 32,923,575 34,248,495 104 1820 37,818,036 35,568,670 94 1821 40,194,893 35,826,082 89 1822 43,558,490 36,176,837 84 1823 43,144,466 34,691,124 80 1824 48,030,037 37,573,918 78 1825 46,468,282 38,083,773 81 1826 40,332,104 30,847,638 76 1827 51,276,448 36,396,339 72 1828 52,029,151 36,152,799 70 1829 56,218,042 35,830,470 65 1830 61,140,865 38,251,503 62 1831 60,683,933 37,163,648 61 1832 65,026,702 36,444,525, 56 1833 69,995,628 39,667,347 56 1834 73,495,536 41,286,594 56 1835 77,932,616 46,926,370 60 1836 84,983,276 53,015,430 62 1837 72,312,207 41,766,205 57 1838 92,107,898 49,640,896 54 1839 96,947,122 52,701,509 54 19,157,818 16,535,528 1,119,850 4,931,667 1,524,457 £2,623,858 7,122,571 1,590,074 3,754,715 21,292,354 1,296,776 16,696,539 1,585,753 10,525,03620,509,926 2,022,153 Report from the Sec'y. of the Treasury. Treasury Department, 18th June, 1840. Sir:-This report is submitted in compliance with a resolution passed by the Senate, on the 17th inst. in the following words: "Resolved, That the Secretary of the Treasury commuicate to the Senate a precise statement of the revenue actually received, from all sources, between the end of the last fiscal year and the first day of the present month so far as ascertained at this time." The answer to this inquiry must be made, in part, from the running account of receipts; and hence all of it cannot be stated with entire accuracy, from the fiscal settlements. But it will be given from precise data, where attainable, and in all cases with sufficient correctness for every general purpose. The revenues, not including the Post Office or trust funds, actually received into the Treasury, from the 1st of January, 1840, to the 1st of June, 1840, as far as ascertained at this time, have been: From Customs.... Lands. Miscellaneous.. ..$6,091,959 00 $522,128 00 Within that period there has also been made LEVI WOODBURY, Hon. RICHARD M. JOHNSON, President of the Senate. Baltimore Banks.-The Union Bank of Maryland has 32,676 00 declared a dividend of three per cent. for the last six months. The Farmers' and Planters' Bank has declared a half $7,520,837 00 yearly dividend of three per cent. |