enormous rocks, or ripple among beautiful strands formed by the numerous islands which environ the coast, affording to vessels a secure retreat from storms. During summer, the navigation of the gulf is safe and simple, because the prevailing wind is very favorable for leaving it, but in winter the S.E. winds cause much destruction. The Adriatic receives few rivers of importance, except the Adige and the Po. Its depth, between Dalmatia and the mouths of the Po, is 22 fathoms; but a large part of the Gulf of Triest, and the Adriatic, opposite Venice, is less than 12 fathoms deep. Farther to the S., where it is less affected by the influx of great rivers, the gulf deepens considerably. It has little or no perceptible tide, except at Venice, where there is a rise of a few feet. Notwithstanding the present shallowness of the Adriatic, there can be little doubt that its original depth was much greater than it is now, as was also its extent; the former being affected by the deposits of sand, mari, and tertaceous incrustations-strictly analogous to the strata of which the subapennine and other hills of the Italian peninsula are composed-which are rapidly accumulating at the bottom; and the latter by the low alluvial tracts forming along its borders. The most remarkable instance of these accessions of land occurs on the W. coast, where a series of lagoons, formed by long lines of sandbars, are rapidly filling up and being converted into meadows by newly deposited mud brought down by the streams. Between the N. point of the Gulf of Triest down to the S. of Ravenna, there is an uninterrupted series of recent accessions of land more than 100 miles in length, which, within the last 2000 years, have increased from 2 to 20 miles in breadth. It is calculated that the mean rate of advance of the delta of the Po on the Adriatic, between the years 1200 and 1600, was about 27 yards a year: whereas, the mean annual gain, from 1600 to 1804, was 76 yards. (Lyell's Geology.)

ADRO, 'dro, a town and capital of Venetian Lombardy, 12 miles W.N.W. of Brescia. Pop. 2214.

ADSTOCK, a parish of England, co. of Bucks. ADUR, á'dür, a river of England, co. of Sussex, rising a little S.W. of Horsham, flowing S., and entering the English Channel at Shoreham, after a course of 25 miles. Its mouth is supposed by some to have formed the ancient Portus Adurni. ADULIS, ADULE, å-doo/leh, or ZULLA, zool/lå, the ruins of an ancient town of Abyssinia, territory of the Dankali, near the head of Annesley bay, on the W. coast of the Red Sea, 30 miles S.S.E. of Arkeeko. Lat. 15° 15′ N.; lon. 39° 55′ E. ADVENTURE, a post-office of Ontonagon co., Michigan. ADVENTURE BAY, a large semicircular bay in Brune Island, off the S.E. coast of Van Diemen's Land. It is well sheltered, the anchorage good, and an abundance of wood and water to be found on its shores.

ADVENTURE SOUND and HARBOR, E. of Falkland Island. The former is a bay 20 miles in length, and from 3 to 4 miles in breadth. The latter is in the S. part of the Sound, and is one of the best in it.

AD/WELL, a parish of England, co. of Oxford.
AD/WICK-LE-STREET, a parish of England, co. of York.
AD/WICK-UPON-DEARNE-(dern,) a parish of England,

co. of York.

ÆGADES, eo gă-děz, a group of islands off the W. coast of Sicily, from 15 to 35 miles W. of Trapani; the principal being Favignana, Levanzo, and Maritimo.

GAE. See A1A8.

AGEAN (e-jecan) SEA, or GRECIAN ARCHIPELAGO, is a name given by the Greeks and Romans to that part of the Mediterranean lying between Asia Minor on the E., Greece and part of Turkey on the W., and the shores of Room-Elee in the latter country on the N. Its length, from N. to S., is about 400 miles; its breadth, generally, upwards of 200, excepting at Cape Doro, at the S. extremity of the island of Negropont, where it narrows to 90 miles, but afterwards widens to nearly its former width. Its depth is very great, there being, in many places, at less than a mile from the shore, no bottom to be found with a 200-fathom line. It contains numerous islands, many of which are of volcanic origin; others are composed entirely of pure white marble. Most of them are high, their mountain elevations having an average height of from 1500 to 1800 feet.

EGILIA. See CERIGOTTO. AGINA, EGINA, e-jina, or ENGIA, en'je-a, an island of Greece, in the Gulf of Ægina, (Saronicus Sinus,) 16 miles 8. by W. of Athens. Lat. of Mount Elias, on the S. part, 37° 41'9" N.; lon. 23° 30′ E. It is 8 miles in length, and about the same in breadth. This island was anciently celebrated for the splendor of its buildings, among which was the famous temple of Jupiter, (now in ruins,) situated on Mount St. Elias. Pop. about 16,000.

EGINA, a comparatively recent town of Greece, situated on the island of Egina. For some time it was the residence of the Greek senate and governor, but the removal of the court to Athens, along with the library and other stores of the town, has caused it greatly to decline. Pop. about 10,000. ÆGINA, GULF OF, (ane. Saronlicus Sinus,) on the E. side of Greece, between Attica and Peloponnesus, is near 50 miles in length, and perhaps 30 in breadth. It contains the Islands of Salamis, Ægina, and several islets,

AENG, Weng, a frontier town in Farther India, presidency of Bengal, 80 miles S.E. of Aracan. ENARIA. See ISCHIA.

EOLIE INSULE. See LIPARI ISLANDS. AERNEN, air/nen, a considerable village of Switzerland, canton of Valais, on the Rhone, 7 miles N.E. of Brieg. AEROE, (Aeröe or Æröe.) à'rö'eh, or ARROE, an island of Denmark, duchy of Sleswick, in the Baltic, 10 miles S. of Funen, 14 miles in length by 5 miles mean breadth. Pop. 10,200. It is fertile and well cultivated.

AEROESKIOBING, áꞌrö-es-kyöbing, (i. e. "the mart of Aeroe,") a town and seaport, capital of the above island, on the N.É. side. Pop. 1600, with ship-building docks, and an active navigation.

AERSCHOT, or AARSCHOT, år/skot, a town of Belgium, province of S. Brabant, on the Demer, 23 miles N.E. of Brus sels, with distilleries and commerce in grain. Pop. 3900. AERTRYCKE, AR tri-keh, a village of Belgium, province of W. Flanders, 8 miles S.W. of Bruges. Pop. 2687. AERZEELE, R/zá-leh, a village of Belgium, W. Flanders, 15 miles N.E. of Courtrai. Pop. 3192. ESIS. See IESI.

AERZEN, aiRt/sen, a town of Hanover, Kalenberg, 5 miles S.W. of Hameln, with powder-works. Pop. 1000. ESTUARIUM VAVARIS. See MORAY FRITH. ETHIOPIA. See ETHIOPIA.

ETOLIA, e-tole-a, a government of the kingdom of Greece, on the continent, between lat. 38° 17' and 35° 50′ N., and lon. 21° 10 and 22° 5' E., having E. the governments of Phocis and Phthiotis, W. Acarnania, N. Eurytania, and S. the Gulf of Patras. Pop. (1840) 25,144. It is mostly mountainous, but along the Corinthian gulf barley, rye, and olives are raised. Highest point, Mount Oxeaon, its N. frontier, 4636 feet high. Chief river, the Phidaris. Capital, Missolonghi.-Adj. and inhab. Etolian, e-to/le-an.

AFFOGADOS, åf-fo-gå/doce, a village of Brazil, province of Pernambuco, near the sea, on the left bank of one of the mouths of the Capibaribe, and 34 miles S. of Recife, or Pernambuco. It has a harbor suitable for large vessels, and carries on some trade in cotton and sugar. Pop. 1000. AFFOLTERN, åf-fol/tern, a village of Switzerland, 8 miles S.W. of Zurich. Pop. 1794.

AFGHANISTAN, "åf-gån'is-tån', ("Afghan-land," or "Af ghan-country,") an extensive inland country of Asia, lying between lat. 28° 50′ and 30° 30′ N., and lon, 620 and 72° 30′ E having E. the Punjab, S. Bhawlpoor, Sinde, and Beloochistan, W. the Persian dominions, and N. Independent Toorkistan, (Balkh, Khoondooz, Kafiristan,) from which it is separated by the Hindoo Koosh and its prolongations. Area estimated at 225,000 square miles, and the population at about 5,000,000. From the table-land in the N., varying from 15,000 to 16,000 feet in height, (the highest part being the Hindoo Koosh, 20,493 feet,) many mountain ranges proceed to the S., E., and W. Although by far the greater portion of Afghanistan is a land of deserts, rocks, and mountains, and some of the last of the most inhospitable character, there are yet a number of fertile valleys, well watered, covered with clover, thyme, violets, and many odoriferous plants, and remarkable for their picturesque beauty. In these favored spots grain is grown in abundance, and, as elsewhere mentioned, fruits of all kinds, including oranges, citrons, grapes, pomegranates, apricots, apples, quinces, peaches, pears, plums, almonds, and walnuts. The most extensive of these valleys or plains are those of Cabool and Peshawer; but there is also an exceedingly rich, level tract in the vicinity of Herat. A great part of Seistan is a mere desert, as is likewise a large portion of the S. and S.W. part of the country, extending over a space of about 300 miles in length by 100 in breadth.

The climate of Afghanistan is various, depending more on the difference of elevation than on that of latitude, the cold being very severe in the higher regions, and the heat intense in the lower. These extremes are strikingly illustrated by the circumstance of the summits of the mountains being often covered with snow, while the heat of the plains below is all but intolerable." Sewee, situated in Sewistan, the territory forming the S.E. portion of Afghanistan, and in lat. 29° 20′ N., and lon. 67° 58′ E., is regarded as the hottest place in the territory. It is also extremely hot at Candahar, the thermometer, in the summer, being fre quently above 110° in the shade; while in winter the inhabitants suffer from cold, fuel being extremely scarce. At Cabool, the snow lies for several months together, during which the people remain in their houses, and sleep, like the Russians, close to the stoves, the thermometer falling to 50 or 6° below zero. The prevailing winds are from the west, and are in general cold; while the easterly winds are hot. The climate, on the whole, however, is favorable to the hu man constitution, and in some parts highly salubrious; diseases are few-the principal are fevers, agues, small-pox, and ophthalmia.

Lybia, and Southern Africa will be described under their several heads. Africa is believed, from what imperfect knowledge we have of it, to rise in successive terraces from the coast to the interior. This is known to be the case in South Africa and Abyssinia, where the features of the country are the grandest, and is inferred from the fall of the rivers in other parts. Little is known of the interior, however, few points having been reached by explorers. The Mountains of the Moon, the most extensive known range, commence at Kissi-Kissi, about 200 miles S.E. of Sierra Leone, in lat. 9° N., and lon. 9° 20′ W., and running in a S.E. direction nearly parallel with the coast (but at distances of from 80 to 150 miles) to lon. 26° E., turn suddenly to the N.E., and have been generally supposed to cross the entire continent to Cape Guardafui, at a distance of 4000 miles from their place of beginning. In Guinea this range has the name of the Kong mountains. At about 120 E. lon., a branch chain, called the Cameroon mountains, shoots off in a S.W. direction to the Bight of Biafra, attaining, near the sea, an elevation of 13,000 feet. North of the Kong mountains are various lofty ranges, running in a N. direction; among which are the Dombori and Batake. Between 70 and 11° W. lon. and 11° and 14° N., another chain of rocky heights, rising to an elevation of from 2000 to 3000 feet, and cleft by tremendous ravines, skirts the Joliba or Niger. The other more remarkable mountains of Africa are those comprising the Mount Atlas range, (which see.) beginning at Cape Geer or Ghir, 10° W. lon., and extending E. as far as 500 W. lon., where it approaches the 32° N. lat. The distance from one side to the other of this range has been estimated at from 30 to 40 miles, and the altitude of the highest summit, Mount Miltseen, 27 miles S.E. of the town of Morocco, at 11.380 feet above the level of the sea. The higher regions of these mountains are seldom entirely free from snow. mountain of great height has recently been discovered in East Africa, by the Rev. Mr. Rebmann. a missionary, who places this mountain, which he calls Kilimandjaro, or Kilima-dja-aro, "Mountain of Greatness," in 3° 40′ S. lat., and 36° E. lon.; and represents it as being covered with perpetual snow, which, being so near the equator, would indicate a height of at least 20,000 feet. The mountain is described as having two summits rising to the limit of snow, of which the eastern is the lower, and terminates in several peaks, covered, during the rainy season, far down with snow; but which, in the dry season, sometimes melts entirely away. The western, or higher summit, is in the form of an immense dome. The two summits are 10 or 12 miles apart. If the position of Kilimandjaro be correctly laid down by Mr. Rebmann, it lies about 600 miles due W. of Mombas, on the coast of Zanzibar, and just so far into a hitherto unexplored country, of which nothing was previously known. In the province of Shoa, the mountains attain a considerable elevation; that portion of it called Effat being entirely surrounded by lofty and craggy hills. Recent explorations seem to show that the Mountains of the Moon do not extend so far N. as had hitherto been supposed. or, at least, that about the sources of the Nile (the head waters of which were not reached by Mr. Rollé, who approached within 41° of the equator from the N.) the mountains make a great bend to the S.

A

Minerals.-Africa has long been famous for her gold: and though now eclipsed by the newer goldfields of California and Australia, fall explorations of the country and scientific mining may restore to Africa its former pre-eminence in this respect. The richest gold-mine known on this continent is that of Natakoo, a small, round, isolated hill, about 300 feet high and 9000 in circumference, situated on a plain of alluvial formation, being composed of argillaceous earth, containing gold in all the forms of lumps, grains, and spangles. Every cubic foot, it is said. is charged with metal. The hill is perforated in all directions with holes 6 feet in diameter and 40 feet in depth. The gold is met with at about 4 feet below the surface, becoming more abundant with the depth. Forty miles N. of Natakoo are the gold-mines of Semavla: next to these in respect to richness is the mine of Nambia, situated near the Tabaoura mountains. Large quantities of this precious metal are also found on the banks of the Barra river, where 10,000 slaves are said to be employed searching for it. The gold region (except Barra) lies in Bambook, S. of the Senegal river, and occupies 1200 square miles. Iron is found in Morocco, Algeria. Abyssinia, and in various mountainous districts of Central and South Africa. Salt is abundant, both as a residuum and a fossil, though there are large districts destitute of it. Manganese is common; and extensive deposits of nitrate of potash and soda are found near Angra Pequena. on the W. coast of South Africa. Copper of the richest description is found beyond the Orange river, and lead in the district of Uitenhage, Cape Colony. Recent advices state that gold has been found in great abundance in South Africa, especially in the district of Caledon, and between Table bay and Orange river. It is found associated with copper-ore, and also with quartz.

Bays, Gulfs, and Rivers.-Africa is not traversed by such Immense rivers as America and Asia. Among its principal streams are the Joliba, or Quorra, (better known to Europe

ans as the Niger,) and the Nile. The former has attracted the attention of geographers for many centuries, from the mystery that hung over its source and course, which has so long baffled the efforts of explorers; and the latter, from its banks having been the seat of a civilization antedating that of Greece and Rome. It was reserved for Richard and John Lander, former servants of Capt. Clapperton, to remove the vail, and to proclaim to the world that the ancient Niger has its exit in the Bight of Benin. It was in 1830 that the brothers Lander, by descending from Boossa to the gulf just named, on the bosom of this stream, set this vexed question for ever at rest. The principal rivers in West Africa, beginning at the Straits of Gibraltar and proceeding S., are the Senegal, Gambia, Casamanza, Cacheo, the Jeba or Gela, the Rio Grande, the Nuñez, the Sierra Leone, the Adirri or Volta, the Quorra Joliba or Niger, the Congo or Zaire, the Coanza, and the Gariep or Orange river. On the E. coast, the larg est rivers are the Zambeze, or Quillimane, and the Juba or Fumbo. The former of these is said to be 900 miles in length, and to be navigable, during the wet season, from 200 to 300 miles above its mouth, which is in the channel of Mozambique. The Juba enters the Indian ocean nearly under the equator, and is represented to be navigable for boats far into the interior. The other principal rivers on the E. coast are the Hawash, flowing into the straits of Bab-el-mandeb, and the Atabara, Bahr-el-Abiad, (White Nile.) and the Bahrel-Azrek, (Blue Nile.) all branches of the Nile, which is the only large river which enters the Mediterranean from Africa. See NILE.

Although much of Africa is yet unexplored, it is known to contain several large lakes. Of these, Lake Tchad, situated in Bornoo, nearly in the centre of the continent, is the largest. The 14th parallel of N. lat. and the 15th meridian of E. lon, intersect this lake, which is about 220 miles in length, and, in its widest part, about 140 miles in breadth. About 100 W. of this, the Niger flows through Lake Debo, in Soodan; and some 20° to the E. of it, the Bahr-el-Azrek, or E. branch of the Nile, traverses Lake Dembea, in Abyssinia. South of the equator are Lake Nyassi intersected by the 12th parallel of S. lat. and the 34th meridian of E. lon., and the recently discovered Lake Ngami, between 200 and 21° S. lat. and 230 and 24° E. lon., reported to be about 70 miles long. Of Lake Maravi. (or Zewa.) in East Africa, (supposed by some to be the same as Nyassi.) little is known. S.E. of Tunis, on the slopes of Mount Atlas, is Lake Lowdeah, or Sibkah-elLowdeah. For a full description of the rivers and lakes, see separate articles.

Climate.-Taken as a continent, owing to its situation in or near the torrid zone, Africa has a higher temperature than either of the other grand divisions of the earth; though even here the variety is great. The desert plains, marshes, swamps, and the alluvions of the river banks, with their pestilential exhalations, give it a fatal distinction. The S. and N. extremities, being within the temperate zone, are moderately healthy; but even here the temperature is heightened by their proximity to the torrid zone, and yet more, perhaps, by the hot winds from the deserts. The E. coast, with some exceptions, is generally healthy; but the W. coast is most destructive to the white race of any region yet visited by the European; especially between 100 and 110 N. lat., in Senegambia, being, perhaps, the hottest place on the globe. The whole of the Gold coast is likewise very unhealthy, owing, it is supposed, to the great contrast between the temperature of midday and miduight, and to sulphurous exhalations which rise from the valleys every morning; and this in the midst of most delightful scenery, varied by rock, still water, and forest. The appalling mortality attending the different expeditions that have gone to the W. coast and ascended its rivers, bear full testimony to its reputation. About one-third of the Europeans who have endeavored to ascend the Senegal river have perished in the attempt; and nearly half of those composing the expedition sent out by the English government in 1816 to explore the river Congo, shared a similar fate. On the Niger expedition in 1841, out of 145 Europeans, 41 died in less than two months. River water, formerly supposed to be the fatal agency, from containing sulphuretted hydrogen, was carefully analyzed by this expedition, without finding the gas to exist in any excess, either in the air or water. Sierra Leone is, perhaps, the most unhealthy spot in these unhealthy regions. The mortality is generally caused by violent fever of the intermittent kind; and yet the climate, to all outward appearance, is delightful. And in the case of Captain. Tuckey's expedition-in which he himself was a victimthe thermometer never sank below 60° at night, and seldom rose above 76° in the daytime. There are but two seasons in Africa, the wet and the dry; the former extending from May to October, inclusive of both; the dry season occupying the remaining months. The wet season commences and ter minates with tornadoes and tremendous storms of thunder and lightning. Sir James Alexander, speaking of the W. coast of North Africa, says that, from 5 till 8 o'clock, the mornings were delightful; but that after the latter hour the sun shone forth with intense fierceness, vegetation drooped, and men withdrew to their huts or tents, and the animals

cipally reside in towns, and are to be found in greatest numbers at Abiverd and Helat.

AFVESTADT or AFVESTAD. See AVESTAD. AFZUL-GHUR, a town of Hindostan, province of Delhi, presidency of Bengal, near the Kumaon mountains. Lat. 23° 25′ N.; lon. 78° 40′ E.

AGABLY, or AGHABLY, 'blee, a town of Africa, oasis of Toout, on the route from Tripoli to Timbuctoo. Lat. 200 40′ N.; lon. 6° 58' E. It is built of stone, said to be well provided with water, and is a station where the merchants of Morocco meet with those of Tripoli, Tunis, and Fezzan. AGADEZ, AGADES, åg'å-dèz', ÁGDES, or AGDAS, ag'dås, a considerable city of Central Africa, capital of the kingdom of Asben, in an oasis of the Sahara. Lat. 18° 10' N.; lon. 150 E. It has a fortified palace. Here the merchants of Soodan meet at stated periods those of the North African states. Agadez was formerly a large city, with a population of from 50,000 to 60,000. Dr. Barth estimates the inhabitants at present at 7000 or 8000.

AGADIR, AGADEER, -gå-deer', or SANTA CRUZ, a fortified town, and the most southern seaport of Morocco, province of Soos,on the Atlantic, 23 miles S.E. of Cape Ghir. Lat. 30° 26′ 35′′ N.; lon. 9° 35′ 56′′ E. Pop. 600. (?) It stands on a declivity overlooking a large and safe harbor, and has some trade with Mars illes.

AGALEGAS, 4-gå-lagås, or GALEGA, gå-lå'gå, a small island in the Indian Ocean, about 485 miles N.W. of the N. extremity of Madagascar. The N. end of the island is in lat. 10° 21′ 30′′ S.; lon. 56° 38′ E. It is 11 miles in length, and little more than 1 mile in breadth.

AGAME, å-gå'meh, a province of Tigré, in Abyssinia, in the N.E. part of that territory, and W. from the great salt plain in which the country terminates N.E.

AGAMENTICUS MOUNTAIN, in York co., Maine, about 4 miles froin the ocean. It is important as a landmark for seamen. The summit is 673 feet above the level of the

sea.

AGANA, a-gand, a fortified town, and capital of Guahan, one of the Ladrones, on its W. coast. Pop. 3000, AGARRIB. a mountain of Egypt. See AGREED. AGATE HARBOR, in the N. part of the upper peninsula of Michigan, on Keweenaw Point.

AGATHA. See AGDE.

AGATHAPOLIS. See SANT AGATA.

AGATTOO, á-gáttoo, or AGATTA, a small island of the Aleutian group, whose centre is in lat. 52° 43′ N., lon, 1730 37' W.

AG'AWAM' a post-village of Hampden co., Massachusetts, on the W. side of Connecticut river, 98 miles W.S.W. of Boston.

AG`AWAN RIVER, a small stream of Plymouth co., in the E. part of Massachusetts, which unites its waters with But terinilk bay.

AGDAS, or AGDASS. See AGADEZ.

AGDE, agd, (anc.Aglathu,) a town of France, department of Hérault, port on left bank of the Hérault, (which is here crossed by a suspension bridge,) and Canal du Midi, 2 miles from the Mediterranean, and 30 miles S.W. of Montpelier. Pop. (1852) 9115. It is pleasantly situated, but being built of black basalt, has a grim appearance, and is popularly called the Black town. It is surrounded by strong walls, and has a college, a school of navigation, and an active coasting trade. Its port is defended by Fort Brescau. AGDEH, agdeh, or AUGDEH, a town of Persia, 70 miles W.N.W. of Yezd, to which city the inhabitants send goats' hair for the manufacture of shawls.

AGEN, a`zhan,*(anc. Agin/num.) a town of France, capital of the department of Lot-et-Garonne, on the right bank of the Garonne, here crossed by two bridges, 73 miles S.E. of Bordeaux. Pop. (1852) 16,027. It is most agreeably situated, and has some good public edifices, including the prefecture, seminary, public library, with 15,000 volumes, and several churches. It has a royal court, large sail-cloth factory, and manufactures of serge, cotton prints, starch, leather, &c.. and is an entrepôt for the trade between Bordeaux and Toulouse. A/GENCY, or AGENCY CITY, a post-village of Wapello co., lowa. about 4 miles N.E. of the Des Moines river. AGENCY, a village of Winnisheik co., Iowa, on Turkey river.

AGENDICUM. See SENS. AGENOIS, (Agénois.) á'zha'nwa, an ancient district of France, in Guienne. It constituted part of the old kingdom of Aquitaine, and is now comprised in the department of Lot-et-Garonne.

AGER, a-jain, a town of Spain, in Catalonia, 25 miles N.N.E. of Lerida. in a valley. Pop. 2200.

AGEROLA, a-ja-rold, a town of Naples, in Principato Citra, on a mountain, 10 miles W.S.W. of Salerno. Pop. 3470. AGGER, canal, a natural communication between the Lymfiord and the North Sea, in Denmark, N. of Jutland; formed during a storm in 1825.

AGGERSHUUS, dg'gers-hooss', a stift or province of Nor

This is an exception to a general rule: the regular pronunsiation would be almost ah`zhông!.

way, situated between lat. 58° 56′ and 62° 58' N., and lon. 8° and 12° E. Capital Christiania. Pop. (1845) 592.581. For its agriculture, its mines, and its commerce, it is the most important province in the kingdom.

AGGERSHUUS, the name of an old fort, which served as a citadel to Christiania, and which gives its name to the province of Aggershuus.

AGGERSOE, (Aggersöe,) åggers-öeh, a small island of Denmark, in the Great Belt, 5 miles from the S.W. point of Seeland.

AGGIUS, åd'je-ooce, a village of the island of Sardinia, 35 miles N.E. of Sassari. Pop. 2026.

AGHABOE, ag/a-bo, a parish of Ireland, Leinster, Queen's co. AGHADES. See AGADEZ.

AGHADOE, doa-do, a parish of Ireland, co. of Kerry, 27 miles S. W. of Castlemaine. The ruins of an ancient castle and the cathedral still remain.

AGHAROON, or AGHARUN, å-gå-roon', or KHANZIR, kan/zeer. (.e. "hog.") a village of Turkey in Asia, pashalic of Diarbekir, finely situated in a gorge of the mountains of Darkúsh-Dagh, and surrounded by magnificent walnut-trees.

AGHMAT, Gmåt', a fortified town of Morocco, on the river of the same name, and on the N. declivity of Mount Atlas, 24 miles S. of Morocco. Pop. 6000, including about 1000 Jews.

AGHOR, Gor, or HIN-GOLA, a river of Beloochistan, falling into the Arabian sea, and dividing the provinces of Loog and Kelat.

AGHRIM, or AUGHRIM, awg'rim or awa'rim. a parish of Ireland, co. of Galway, 13 miles N.E. of Loughrea. It is famous in British history for the great victory obtained here in 1691 by the troops of William III. over those of James II. AGINCOURT, &'zhân koor, or AZINCOURT, â`zån koor!, a village of France, department of Pas de Calais, 13 miles N. W. of St. Pol., near which, on the 25th October, 1415, the English, under Henry V., totally defeated a vastly superior French force.

AGIO STRATI, jo strå/tee, an island of the Grecian ar chipelago, 20 miles S. of Lemnos, and 46 miles W.N.W. of Mitylene, lat. 89° 31′ N., lon. 25° 1' 7" E.

AGLASOON, or AGLASOUN, 'glá-soon', (anc. Sagalas sus,) a town of Asia Minor, Anatolia, on a mountain, 55 miles N. of Sataliah.

AGLIE, ályà, or AGLIA, ályå, a town of Piedmont, and 9 miles S.W. of Ivrea. Pop. 4500. It has a splendid royal palace, with extensive parks and gardens.

AGLY, a glee, a small river of France, departments of Aude and Pyrénées-Orientales, falls into the Gulf of Lyons. AGNADELLO, ân-ya-dllo. a village of Venetian Lombardy, 10 miles E. of Lodi. Here, in 1509, Louis VII., King of France, gained a complete victory over the Austrians; and here, in 1705, Prince Eugéne was defeated by the Duke of Vendome. Pop. 1600.

AGNANO, án-ya/no, a village of Tuscany, 34 miles N.E. of Pisa. It has mineral springs and a cavern of mephitic vapour in its vicinity.

AGNANO, LAKE, in the kingdom and 3 miles W. of Naples. It occupies the crater of an extinct volcano, and is about half a niile in diameter. Near it are the Grotta del Cane and the sulphur baths of San Germano. AG/NEW'S MILLS, a post-office of Venango co., Pennsyl vania.

AGNO, n'yo, a river of Lombardy, an affluent of the Adige from the left. Length, above 50 miles.

AGNO, n'yo, a village of Switzerland, canton of Ticino, in a fertile valley of the same name, at the mouth of the Bedagio, 3 miles W. of Lugano. Pop. 726.

AGNONE, ån-yo'na, a town of Naples, province of Molise, on a hill, 20 miles N.W. of Campobasso. Pop. 7000. Said to produce the best copper wares in the kingdom.

AG NUR', or AK'NUR, a town of the Punjab, on the right bank of the Chenaub, 35 miles above where it is joined by the Tauhi or Makkati river, 95 miles N.N.W. of Lahore; lat. 320 52′ N., lon. 74° 58′ E.

AGO, 'goo, a small island of Sweden, in the Gulf of Bothnia; lat. 61° 32′ N., lon. 17° 22′ E.

AGOA FRIA, /gwd-free'å, (i.e. "cold water,") a town of Brazil, province and 100 miles N. by W. of Bahia.

AGOA DE PÃO, ¿gwå då påông, a mountain peak of the island of St. Michael, Azores, near its centre, 3066 feet in elevation.

AGOA DE PÃO, a village on the S. shore of the above island, 15 miles E. of Ponta Delgada. Pop. 3000.

AGOA-QUENTE, å/gwà kên'tå, (i. e. “hot water,” or “hot spring,") a town of Brazil, province of Goyaz, near the mouth of the Rio das Almas, 190 miles N.E. of Goyaz.

AGOAS-DOCES, gwas do/cès, (i. e. "sweet water,") a town of Brazil, province of Minas-Geraes, on a tributary of the São Francisco.

AGOGEBIC LAKE, in the N. part of the upper peninsula of Michigan. Its outlet joins Ontonagon river. Length. following the bend of the lake, about 15 miles; breadth, 2 miles, AGOGNA, a-gon/yå, or GOGNA, gōn/yd, a river of Piedmont, rising in Lake Orta, and flowing S. to the Po, 16 miles N.E. of Alessandria,