Comparative Exports of Cotton and Rice from the port of Charleston.

Exported to S. Isl'd.* Upland.* Rice.* S. Isl'd.†|Upland.†| Rice.†

Comparative exports of rough rice and lumber from the port of Charleston.

Comparative Receipts, Exports, and Stocks of Cotton at the port of Savannah, from September 1 to date.

JOURNAL OF EDUCATION.

SOUTHERN EDUCATION FOR SOUTHERN YOUTH.

The Hon. John Perkins, jr., of Louisiana, one of the ablest and most laborious members of the last Congress, who, we sincerely regret to learn, has declined a re-nomination in his district, in reply to an invitation to address the societies of Centenary College, refers as follows to the great mistakes which are made in regard to the education of southern youth, and interposes suggestions which will awaken a response in the breast of every reader of the Review.

I feel deeply the importance of educating our young men at the south, and had circumstances permitted, I should have been pleased to embrace the occasion of an address at your commencement, to express myself freely on the subject. I have long made it a point to watch the issues of the northern press, and the past year I purchased a full course of northern school and college books, such as are in most general use, and it seems to me impossible for a youth to be pressed through them and retain just feelings towards the south, or proper ideas of its rights under the Constitution. From the frightful pictures of slaves at work under the lash, which ornament the child book, up to the sickly sentimentalism of their class readers, and on through the "higher law" reasoning of "Hicock's Moral Science," there is a constant effort to impress the youthful mind with the idea that slavery is a great sin, for the existence of which every American citizen is responsible until Congress acts upon the subject. compends and condensed commentaries upon the Constitution, prepared for schools and business men, and the only ones generally read by their divines and the great mass of the people, are just such as are fitted to confirm these early im

The

pressions. I have in my library some eight of them, prepared under different names, and they all gloss over and misrepresent-in a manner calculated to deceive the rights of the slaveholder under the Constitution; while they enlarge and artfully magnify, by every possible construction, the degree of power given to the federal government over the subject. To my mind, the certain result of all this in the future is plain. The free States have now the ascendancy in the government. In less than five years, issues of the gravest character will have to be decided in Congress. There will be something more at stake than the money value of southern slaves. To the south it will be a question of existence.

When that time comes I prefer to have the young men of the south prepared to speak from conviction of the wisdom and policy of our peculiar institutions. I do not desire their judgment won over by a perverted moral sentiment or by fictitious appeals to their passions. To confess that slavery) is a great social and political evil, is to prepare for battle by throwing away our arms. It is worse-it is to plead guilty and ask for mercy.

There is a philosophy at the bottom of this subject which is well treated of in some of the French works on the organization of labor, and which should be particularly pressed upon our attention at this time, by the growing conflict between capital and labor at the north, dividing whole communities into classes, engendering hatred between trades, and sowing animosity and jealousy and ill-will between the rich and the poor to a degree, that one living at the south, and rarely thrown into the maelstroms of the northern cities, cannot conceive. There is a work recently published by Mr. Fitzhugh, of Virginia, called "Sociology for the South," which should be in the possession of every southern gentleman. It is full of valuable suggestions on this subject, and without necessarily endorsing every sentiment of the writer, few can read it and fail of being confirmed in their attachment to our peculiar institutions. A southern critic, speaking of this work, has said, with much truth: "The splendor, animation, and crowded population of the northern cities excite, bewilder, and delight southern men and their families. Compared with the calm, easy indolence of their own communities, a painful sense of inferiority depresses them when they go back to their own homes. The difference is as between a magnificent panoramic view, and a dark still land"Let them be scape; life in action, and life in repose. contented," the writer continues, "the work of Fitzhugh

will do much to reconcile them to what they have, and what they are, when he reveals to them the interior view, the miseries of pauperism, with its grim and hideous attendants, its dire degradations as shown in penitentiaries and houses of . refuge even for the young."

To these indications of an unhealthy state of society in the north, the writer might have added, the mingling of religion and politics, the open profligacy charged by persons of reputed high character one against the other, and seemingly credited; the almost utter absence of anything like devotion to principle in political matters; the power of vice, of almost every description, to command respect by surrounding itself by wealth; and, beyond all, and, perhaps, in a great degree accounting for all, the gradual relaxation in the popular mind of any very strong religious faith. The Calvinistic churches of the Puritans have gradually gone off, first into Unitarianism, then into Universalism, and then into a higher transcendentalism, equivalent with Pantheism in religion, and higherlaw-ism in politics.

In the law school at Cambridge, the jury for a moot-court is taken from the under graduates of the college, formerly it was selected from the members of the divinity school. A foreign writer, noticing this fact, and speaking of the gradual weakening of religious conviction in the New England mind, pointedly remarks, the reason for this change in the composition of the jury is supposed to be, that there are not ordinarily twelve men in the divinity school who believe in the existence of a God, and recourse has to be had to the ingenuous undergraduates!

It is common to hear it said by the unreflecting, that boys cannot be properly educated at the south, and must be sent abroad, to the north or Europe. There can be no greater error. The history of the country is illustrated by those who have been educated at the south. Washington grew up in a southern State. Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, Tyler, and Polk were educated at the south. Jackson, Taylor, Clay and Scott, received their instruction and formed their characters at the south. We hear also much of sending southern boys north, in order to have their prejudices removed; but we never see northern boys coming south for a similar purpose. It was the advice of Mr. Calhoun, himself a graduate of Yale, and therefore speaking from experience, that boys intending to reside at the south, should be educated at the south.

The character of an institution depends more upon the spirit and bearing of its pupils than upon the learning of its professors. Rich endowments, large libraries, and splendid