conveyed to the council of state by that member to whose department they belong, and the cases shall be dispatched by him in accordance with the resolution taken in the council of state.

SECTION 29. When a councilor of state is lawfully prevented from being present to report on the subjects which belong to his department, another councilor of state, deputed by the King, if he be present, (or by him who presides at the council of state, if he be absent, and by the other councilors,) shall report on them.

If so many are lawfully prevented from assisting that no more than half the fixed number of members are present, other officials shall equally be deputed to take a seat in the council of state, of which a report shall immediately be made to the King, who shall decide whether they shall continue to fulfil their functions.

SECTION 30. Registers shall be made of all cases which are discussed in council. Every one who has a seat in the council shall give an honest opinion which the King is bound to hear, but the latter can make his own decision. If a member of the council End that the King's resolution is at variance with the constitution or the laws of the country, or is evidently to the detriment of the country, it shall be his duty to oppose it vigorously and to have his opinion recorded in the registers. Whosoever has not thus protested, shall be considered to have agreed with the King and to be responsible for it, as mentioned hereafter, and he can be impeached by the Odelsthing before the high court of the kingdom (the rigsret.)

SECTION 31. All orders given by the King himself, (except on matters of military command.) shall be countersigned by the Norwegian minister of state.

SECTION 32. The resolutions which are passed by the government in Norway in the King's absence shall be published in the name of the King and be signed by the viceroy, or the governor, and the council of state, and be countersigned by him who reports on the subject, who shall be responsible that it be dispatched in accordance with the register on which the resolution was entered.

SECTION 33. All reports on Norwegian matters, and the publication of them, shall be given in the Norwegian language.

SECTION 34. The heir apparent to the throne shall have the title of crown prince, if he be the son of the reigning King. The others who are entitled to inherit the crown shall be called princes, and the royal daughters princesses.

SECTION 35. As soon as the crown prince has reached his eighteenth year, he shall be entitled to a seat in the council of state, but without vote or responsibility. SECTION 36. No prince of the blood shall marry without the King's consent. If this be done, he shall forfeit his right to the crown of Norway.

SECTION 37, The royal princes or princesses shall not be judged by other than the King, or one whom he may appoint as their judge.

SECTION 33. The Norwegian minister of state and the two Norwegian councilors of state who attend the King shall have seats and deliberative votes in the Swedish council when subjects concerning both countries are there discussed.

The opinion of the government in Norway ought also to be asked in such matters, unless they need to be decided on so quickly that there is no time for it.

SECTION 39. When the King dies, and the successor to the throne is not yet of age, the Norwegian and Swedish councils of state shall be immediately convened, in order to call together the Storthing in Norway, and the Diet in Sweden.

SECTION 40. Until the representatives of both countries be assembled, and until they have arranged the government during the minority of the King, a council of state, composed of an equal number of Norwegian and Swedish members, shall take charge of the administration of both countries, duly observing their respective constitutions. The Norwegian and Swedish ministers of state who sit in the mixed council of state above mentioned, shall draw lots for the presidency.

SECTION 41. The rules mentioned in the preceding paragraphs 39 and 40 shall also be observed, when it shall be the duty of the Swedish council of state, in their capacity of council of state, to govern according to the provisions of the Swedish constitution. When, however, the King, owing to absence from his countries, or illness, shall be unable to discharge the government duties, the heir apparent, if he have reached the prescribed majority, shall take care of the government as the temporary representative of the royal power, and with the same rights as the government ad interim.

SECTION 42. The King shall propose to the next Storthing in Norway and to the Diet in Sweden a law, resting on the principle of complete equality between both countries, concerning the future provisions necessary for the cases mentioned in paragraphs 39, 40, and 41.

SECTION 43. The choice of the guardians who shall govern on behalf of the King during his minority, shall be made according to the same rules and in the same manner as has already been provided in section 7, regarding the election of a successor to the throne.

SECTION 44. Those who in the cases mentioned in paragraphs 40 and 41 shall be invested with government, shall take the following oath before the Norwegian Storth

ing: "I do promise and swear to govern in accordance with the constitution and the laws: so help me God and His holy word."

The Swedes shall take the oath before the Diet of the kingdom of Sweden. If the Storthing or the Diet be not assembled at that time, the written oath shall be deposited with the council of state and repeated at the next Storthing or Diet.

SECTION 45. At the expiration of their government they shall render an account of it to the King and the Storthing.

SECTION 46. If those who are responsible do neglect to convoke the Storthing immediately, acording to paragraphs 39 and 41, it shall become the positive duty of the Storthing to direct the same after the lapse of four weeks.

SECTION 47. The direction of the King's education during his minority shall be fixed in the way mentioned in section 7 and section 43, provided no written instructions have been left by his father.

It shall be an unalterable rule, that the King shall be sufficiently instructed in the Norwegian language during his minority.

SECTION 48. If the royal male line has become extinct and no successor to the throne has been elected, a new royal lineage shall be chosen in the way mentioned in section 7. Meanwhile the executive power shall be invested as mentioned in section 43.

C.—CIVIL RIGHTS AND THE LEGISLATIVE POwer.

SECTION 49. The people shall exercise legislative power through the Storthing, which shall consist of two divisions, a Lagthing and Odelsthing.

SECTION 50. The right of voting is confined to Norwegian citizens, who have attained their twenty-fifth year, who have resided in the country for five years, who live there and (a) are or have been government officials; (b) who are land owners, or who have rented land for more than five years in the country, or who have had certain privileges in Finmark for five years; (c) who are citizens of towns, or who own house or ground in any city or town of the value of at least 300 rigsbank dollars, silver value.

SECTION 51. Returns of all the inhabitants entitled to vote shall be made in every city by the magistrate, and in every parish by the sheriff and the pastor, and an immediate entry shall be made of the changes which may occur in course of time.

Before being entered in the list of voters every one shall swear allegiance to the constitution publicly in the court.

SECTION 52. The right of voting shall be suspended, (a) in the case of criminal prosecution; (b) on account of insolvency or failure, until the creditors have received full payment, unless the failure has been caused by fire, or by other accidents, proved to have been unintentional.

SECTION 53. The right of voting shall be null and void, (a) in case of condemnation to imprisonment, or ignominious punishment; (b) if foreigu service is entered without the consent of the government; (e) if the citizenship of another country is acquired; (d) or if detected in buying or selling votes, or in voting at more than one election.

SECTION 54. The elections shall be held every third year. They shall be completed before the end of the month of December.

SECTION 55. The elections shall take place in the country in the principal church of the parish; and in the cities in the church, the town hall, or some other convenient place.

They shall be conducted in the country by the parish priest and his assistants, in the cities by the magistrates and the municipal councilors. The votes shall be given in the order in which the voters are registered. Dissensions concerning the right of voting shall be decided by the officers presiding at the election, whose decisions can be appealed to the Storthing.

SECTION 56. Before the elections begin, the constitution shall be audibly read, in the cities by the first magistrate, and in the country by the clergyman.

SECTION 57. In the cities one elector shall be chosen for each fifty inhabitants entitled to vote. These electors shall assemble within eight days after, at a place prescribed by the authorities, and elect either from among themselves, or from the other voters in their election district, thirty-seven representatives to meet and take their seats at the Storthing. From among these shall be chosen, (until otherwise directed,) from Aalesund and Molde together, one representative; from Arundel and Grimstad together, one; from Bergen, four; from Brewig, one; from Christiania and Hönefos together, four; from Christianssand, two; from Christianssund, one; from Drammen, two; from Flekkefjord, one; from Frederikshald, one; from Frederiksstad, one; from Holmestrand, one; from Kongsberg, one; from Krager's, one; from Laurvig and Sandefjord together, one; from Lillehammer and Hamar together, one; from Moss and Drobak together, one; from Porsgrund, one; from Sarpsborg, one; from Skien, one; from Stavanger, two; from Yromsö, Hammerfest, and Vadso together, one; from Trondhjem and Leranger together, four; from Tönsberg, one; and from Osterris öer,

one.

When a city which has not been mentioned here shall have fifty or more inhabitants entitled to vote, it shall unite with the nearest city and form one district for electing representatives. The same rule shall apply to cities which may be founded after this time. A city which may form an election district, together with another city, shall appoint its own elector, even if the number of its inhabitants entitled to vote should be less than fifty. A city which constitutes an election district by itself shall in no case appoint less than three electors.

SECTION 53. In every parish in the country the inhabitants entitled to vote shall choose electors in proportion to their numbers. Thus, 100 shall choose one; 100 to 200, two; 200 to 300, three, and so forth, in the same proportion. These electors shall, within a mouth, assemble at a place prescribed by the governor, (amtmand,) and then choose, either from among themselves or other persons in the province (amt) who are entitled to vote, seventy-four representatives to meet and take seats at the Storthing, viz:

From the amt of North Bergenhuus shall be chosen five; from that of South Bergenhuus, five; from that of Christian, five; from that of Hedemarken, five; from that of Romsdal, five; from that of Stavanger, five; from that of Yromsö, two; from that of Finmark, two, and from each of the ten other amts in the country four representatives.

SECTION 59. The provisions contained in sections 57 and 53 shall remain in force until the meeting of the next legislature. If it shall then be found that the representatives from the cities constitute more or less than a third of the representatives of the entire kingdom, the legislature shall, for the future, alter these provisions in such a manner that the representatives of the cities shall be to those of the country in the proportion of one to two, and the whole number of representatives must be not less

than 75 nor more than 100.

SECTION 60. Persons entitled to vote, being in the country, but unable to attend on account of illness, military service, or other lawful impediments, may send their written votes to those who preside at the elections, before their conclusion.

SECTION 61. No person can be elected a representative who has not attained the age of thirty years, and who has not been ten years a resident in the country.

SECTION 62. Members of the council of state and the functionaries employed at its offices, pensioners, and officials of the court cannot be chosen.

SECTION 63. Every one who is elected is bound to accept the election, unless he be prevented by impediments, which shall be proved by the electors, whose decision can be submitted to the judgment of the Storthing.

The person who has appeared as representative at three ordinary Storthings after the same election, shall not be bound to accept the nomination at the next election for the Storthing.

If a representative be prevented by legitimate impediments from attending the Storthing, his place shall be filled by him who stands next through the highest number of votes, or (if a special deputy election was made in the district) by the chosen deputy. SECTION 64. So soon as the representatives are chosen they shall be provided with full powers, signed, in the country by the chief authorities, and in the cities by the magistrates, together with all the electors, as a proof that they are elected in the manner prescribed by the constitution. The lawfulness of these full powers shall be judged by the Storthing.

SECTION 65. Each representative shall be entitled to compensation from the treasury for traveling expenses to and from the Storthing, and for subsistence during the time he shall stay there.

SECTION 66. The representatives shall, on their journey to and from the Storthing, and during their stay there, be exempt from personal arrest, unless they be detected in the commission of public crimes; neither shall they be answerable out of the sessions of the Storthing for the opinions they have set forth there. Every one is bound to submit to the established rules of proceeding.

SECTION 67. The representatives chosen in the way above mentioned shall form the Storthing of the kingdom of Norway.

SECTION 6. The Storthing shall generally assemble on the first week-day of the month of February in every year, at the capital of the country, unless the King shall appoint another city in the country on account of invasion by enemies or contagious illness. Such an order must be promptly published.

SECTION 69. The King shall have power on extraordinary occasions to convene the Storthing out of the ordinary time. The King shall then issue a publication, which must be read in the churches of all the chief towns of the stifts (bishoprics) at least a fortnight before the members of the Storthing assemble at the appointed place. SECTION 70. Such an extraordinary Storthing can be adjourned by the King to such time as he may think proper.

SECTION 71. The members of the Storthing shall sit as such for three consecutive years, both at the extraordinary and the ordinary Storthings which may be assembled within that period.

SECTION 72. If an extraordinary Storthing be still assembled when an ordinary one shall commence, the former shall be adjourned before the latter assembles.

SECTION 73. The Storthing shall choose from among its members a fourth part, which shall form the Lagthing; the remaining three-fourths shall form the Odelstling. The choice shall be made at the first ordinary Storthing in consequence of a new ele tion, after which the Lagthing shall remain unchanged during all the Storthings which are assembled in consequence of the same election, unless vacancies which may occur among the members by special choice.

Each Thing shall sit separately and choose its own president and secretary.

No Thing must sit unless two-thirds of its members are present.

SECTION 74. So soon as the Storthing has declared itself assembled, the King or his deputy shall open its sessions with a speech, informing them of the state of the contry and the subjects which he particularly wishes to bring before the attention of the Storthing.

No debates shall take place in the presence of the King.

SECTION 75. The Storthing shall have power

(a.) To make and repeal laws, to levy taxes, excises, duties, and other publie imposts, which, however, shall not be in force longer than the 1st of July of the year in which the next ordinary Storthing shall assemble, unless they are expressly renewed by it. (b.) To borrow money on the credit of the country.

(c.) To inspect the finances of the country.

(d.) To grant the amount necessary for the expenses of the state.

(e.) To settle how much shall be paid annually to the King and the viceroy for their households, and to fix the royal family's allowance, which, however, shall not consist of real property.

(f.) To demand the records of the government in Norway, and all public reports and documents, (matters of military command excepted,) authenticated copies or extracts of the records, made in the King's presence by the minister of state and the two coutcilors of state residing in Sweden, or the public documents which have been produced there.

(9.) To receive communication of the alliances and treaties which the King has concluded with foreign powers on behalf of the state, with the exception of the secret articles, which, however, must not be in variance with the public ones.

(h.) To require the attendance of every one before it in matters of state, the King and the royal family excepted. This restriction, however, shall not apply to the royal princes if they are filling other posts than that of viceroy.

(i.) To revise the lists of temporary salaries and pensions, and make therein such alterations as may be necessary.

(k.) To choose five revisers, who shall, every year, examine the accounts of the state and publish printed extracts of them. The accounts shall, therefore, be trausmitted to these revisers every year before the 1st of July.

(1.) To naturalize foreigners.

SECTION 76. Every bill shall first be proposed in the Odelsthing, either by its own members or by the government, through a councilor of state. If the bill be passed it shall then be sent to the Lagthing, which shall either approve or reject it, and in the latter case return it with its objections. These shall be reconsidered by the Odelsthing, which shall either reject the bill or return it to the Lagthing, with or without alterations. When a bill from the Odelsthing has been laid twice before the Lagthing, and has been rejected a second time, the whole Storthing shall assemble and the fate of the bill shall then be decided by two-thirds of the votes. Three days at least shall elapse between each of these sittings.

SECTION 77. When a bill proposed by the Odelsthing has been approved by the Lag thing, or the assembled Storthing, it shall be sent by deputies from both divisions of the Storthing to the King, if he be present, or otherwise to the viceroy, or the Norwegian government, requesting the King's approval.

SECTION 78. If the King approve of the bill he shall sign it, and it becomes a law. If he disapprove he shall send it back to the Odelsthing, declaring that he finds it advisable at present to withhold his approval, in which case the bill must not again be presented to the King by the Storthing then assembled.

SECTION 79. If a bill be passed, without alterations, by three ordinary Storthings as sembled after three consecutive elections, and separated by at least two intermediate Storthings, without any fresh resolution having been made by any Storthing in the in terval between the first and the second approval, and if it then be presented to the King with the request that His Majesty should not withhold his approval of a b which the Storthing (after the most mature deliberation) has considered advisable # shall become a law, even if it has not obtained the King's approval, before the adjourn ment of the Storthing.

SECTION 80. The Storthing shall continue to set so long as it considers it necessary: but not longer than two months without the King's permission. When it has con cluded its deliberations, or having assembled for the prescribed term the Storthing b

adjourned by the King, he shall then communicate his resolution regarding the bills not yet decided on, by either approving or rejecting them. Every bill not expressly approved by him shall be considered rejected.

SECTION 81. Every law shall be published in the Norwegian language, and in the King's name, (those mentioned in section 79 excepted,) under the seal of the kingdom of Norway, and in the following terms:

"We, N. N., make known: Whereas the resolution of the Storthing bearing the date of N. N. has been presented to us with these contents, (here follow the resolutions,) we have approved and confirmed, as we hereby approve and confirm it as a law, under our hand and the seal of the kingdom."

SECTION 82. The King's approval shall not be required for those resolutions of the Storthing by which it

(a.) Declares itself assembled as a Storthing according to the prescriptions of the constitution.

(b.) Determines the rules of its proceedings.

(c.) Approves or rejects the power of the present members.

(d.) Confirms or rejects decisions concerning controversies at the elections.

(e.) Naturalizes foreigners.

(f.) And finally, to resolutions by which the Odelsthing impeaches councilors of state or others.

SECTION 83. The Storthing may require the opinion of the supreme court on legal

matters.

SECTION 84. The sittings of the Storthing shall be public, and its proceedings shall be printed and published, except in such cases where the majority shall decide to the

contrary.

SECTION 85. Whosoever obeys a command which tends to disturb the liberty and safety of the Storthing, shall commit treason against his native country.

D. THE JUDICIAL POWER.

SECTION 86. The members of the Lagthing together with the supreme court shall form the high court of the kingdom, (rigsret,) which shall pronounce final sentence upon all cases of prosecution brought by the Odelsthing upon members of the council of state, or by the supreme court, for crimes of official commission.

The president of the Lagthing shall take the chair of the rigsret.

SECTION 87. The accused may, without assigning any reason, challenge one-third of the members of the rigsret; provided, however, that the court shall consist of at least fifteen members.

SECTION 88. The verdict of the supreme court shall be final. It must not consist of less than one president and six assessors.

SECTION 89. The supreme court, together with two superior officers appointed by the King, shall, in times of peace, be the second and final appeal in all courts-martial which may affect either life, honor, or imprisonment for more than three months.

SECTION 90. Sentences passed by the supreme court shall in no case be appealed or revised.

SECTION 91. No person shall be appointed member of the supreme court who has not attained the age of thirty years.

E. GENERAL PROVISION.

SECTION 92. Government offices shall be conferred on those Norwegian citizens only who confess the Evangelical Lutheran religion, who have sworn allegiance to the constitution and the King, and who speak the language of the country, and

(a.) Who were born in the country, of parents who were then subjects of the state. (b.) Or were born in foreign countries of Norwegian parents, who were not at that time subjects of any other country.

(c.) Or who were settled in the country on the 17th May, 1814, and did not refuse to take the oath for maintaining the independence of Norway.

(d.) Or who shall continue to reside in the country for ten years.

(e.) Or who become naturalized by the Storthing.

Foreigners, however, may be made professors at the university and the public Latin schools, physicians, and consuls in foreign countries. No one can be appointed chief magistrate before he has attained the age of thirty years; and magistrates, judges, and sheriffs must have reached the age of twenty-five years.

SECTION 93. Norway shall only be liable to pay its own national debt.

SECTION 94. A new general, civil, and criminal code of laws shall be made at the first, or, if not practicable, at the second ordinary Storthing.

The laws of the country now in force shall meanwhile be valid; provided they be not repugnant to this constitution or the temporary resolutions which may be published. The permanent taxes now in force shall equally be valid until the next Storthing. SECTION 95. No dispensations, or any other exemptions from law, shall be granted when the new general code of laws has been published.