Fåte, får, fåll, fât; mê, met; plne or pine, pin; nỏ, nôt ; õõ as in good ;

than 30 ft. high, and, in many places, 10 ft. thick, which are continuous to the sea. There are two large gates, (through which the road passes along the shore of the Caspian,) that may be shut at pleasure. Hence the name of the town, which signifies the "shut-up gates." Lat. 42° 12' N., Lon. 48° 20′ E. Klaproth supposes it to contain 4,000 families (B.), but others estimate the population much lower.

DER-BY or dar/-be, (the latter pronunciation was formerly universal,) the cap. of Derbyshire, England, on the r. Der/-went, an affluent of the Trent, 114 m. N. N. W. of London. Pop. 32,741.

DERBYSHIRE, der/-be-shir, a co. in the N. central part of England. Pop. 272,217.

DERR, dễR, a t. of Africa, in Lower Nubia, of which it is regarded as the capital, on the right bank of the Nile. Lat. 22° 47′ N., Lon. 32° 20′ E. Estimated pop. 3,000. (B.) In the vicinity are the ruins of an Egyptian temple, cut in the rock, the construction of which Champollion attributes to Sesostris.

DE RUYTER, de-ri/-ter, a township of Madison co., N. Y.

DESAGUADERO, des-å-gwa-Da!-ro, i. e. "outlet," a r. of Bolivia, which forms the only outlet of L. Titicaca. After traversing a long valley of its own name, it loses itself, by evaporation, in a small lake called Lago del Desaguadero, or sometimes the L. of Ullagas (ool-yå'-gås).

DESHA, desh-a', a co. in the S. E. part of Ark., at the mouth of the Arkansas r. Pop. 1,598.

DES MOINES, de-moin', a r. of lowa, which flows into the Mississippi r.

DES MOINES, a co. in the E. part of Iowa, bordering on the Mississippi r. Pop. 5,575.

DE Sol-To, a co. forming the N. W. extremity of Miss. Pop. 7,002. Co. seat, Hernando.

DES'-SAU, (Ger. pron. des/-sou,) a t. of Germany, the cap. of the duchy of Anhalt-Dessau, on the Mulde, two miles above its junction with the Elbe. Dessau is well supplied with institutions for public instruction; among which, we may mention its college for young ladies, its admirable gymnasium or high-school, and its school for the education of Jews, which is much celebrated. Lat. 51° 48′ N., Lon. 12° 17′ E. Pop. about 10,000. (B.)

DETMOLD. See LIPPE.

DE-TROIT, (Fr. Détroit, da'-trwå', i. e. "strait" or "narrow passage,") a name given by the French to the river which connects L. St. Clair with L. Erie, and forms a part of the boundary between Mich. and Canada. It is 28 m. long, and is navigable for large vessels.

DETROIT, cap. of Wayne co. and formerly of the state of Mich. is situated on the Detroit r., from which it takes its name. By its position on the great chain of lakes, and by means of the connecting rivers and canals, it has a ready communication, by water, with all the more important places in the union. As might be expected, its growth haɛ recently been very rapid. Its pop. in 1819, was only 1,110; in 1830, about double that number; in 1840, it amounted to 9,102. Detroit was

ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng. founded by the French, in 1670, and has ever since been a military post. It is also a port of entry. Lat. 42° 24′ N., Lon. 82° 58′ W.

DEUTZ, doits, (the Tui'tium of the Romans,) a village on the right bank of the Rhine, connected, by a bridge of boats, with Cologne, of which it may be regarded as a suburb. Pop. 3,700. (B.)

Deux-ponts, duí`-pồn', (Ger. Zweibrücken, tswi-brük/-kẹn,) a t. of Germany, the cap. formerly of a duchy, now of a bailiwick of the same name, in the Bavarian prov. of the Rhine, about 50 m. W. of Speyer (Spire). The French name Deux-ponts, and the German ZWEIBRÜCKEN, signifying "two bridges," are derived from the circumstance of its old castle being situated between two bridges. Lat. 49° 10′ N., Lon. 7° 20′ E. Pop. about 7,000. (B.)

DEVENTER OF DEWENTER, dal-ven-ter, a fortified t. of Holland, in the prov. of Overyssel, on the r. Yssel, about 54 m. E. by S. from Amsterdam. Pop. 10,000. (B.)

DE-VI-ZES, a t. of England, in Wiltshire, 16 m. E. by S. from Bath. Pop. 4,631.

DEV-ON-PORT, a fortified seaport t. of England, with a royal dockyard, in Devonshire, 1 m. W. of Plymouth, at the mouth of the river Tamar. The dock-yard, one of the finest in the world, comprises an area of 71 acres. Pop., including Stone-house parish, 43,532.

DEV-ON-SHIRE, a co. in the S. W. part of England, bordering on the English and the Bristol channels. Pop. 533,460.

DE WITT, a co. near the centre of Ill. Pop. 3,247.
DHAWALAGHIRI, da-wol'a-gher/-re. See HIMALAYAS.

DIARBEKIR, dee-ar'-bek-eer', or DI-AR/-BEKR, a walled t. of Asiatic Turkey, in Mesopotamia, on the right bank of the Tigris. It was formerly much more flourishing than at present, and carried on an extensive commerce with India, through Bagdad, and with Europe, through Aleppo Lat. about 37° 55′ N., Lon. 39° 54′ E. Pop. estimated at above 60,000. (B.)

DICK-SON, a Co. in the N. N. W. part of Tenn., bordering on the Cumberland r. Pop. 7,074. Co. t. Charlotte.

DIE or DIEZ, SAINT, SâN de'-', a small t. of France, in the dep. of Vosges. Lat. 48° 17′ N., Lon. 6° 57′ E. Pop. in 1832, 5,560. (P. C.) DIEPPE, dyepp, or de-epp', a seaport t. of France, in the dep. of Lower Seine, on the coast of the English channel (La Manche), 92 m. N. W. of Paris. It has a fine establishment for sea-bathing. Lat. 49° 55' N., Lon. 1° 5' E. Pop. 16,000. (B.)

DIEST, deest, a t. of Belgium, in S. Brabant, 32 m. E. N. E. of Brussels. Pop. 6,000. (B.)

DIGNE, deen (Anc. Dinia), a t. of France, cap. of the dep. of Lower Alps, with a college. In its vicinity are warm mineral springs, which yearly attract to this place many strangers. Lat. 44° 5' Ñ., Lon. 6° 14′ E Pop. 4,000. (B.)

DIJON, de'-zhoN, (Anc. Dibio or Divio,) a t. of France, cap. of the dep. of Côte d'Or, and formerly of the prov. of Burgundy, on the r. Ouche (oosh), a branch of the Saône, 162 m. S. E. of Paris. Dijon

Fåte, får, fåll, fât; mẻ, met; pine or pine, pîn; no, not; õõ, as in good,

has long been eminent for the cultivation of literature and science. It has an académie universitaire, with the faculties of law, science, and literature; also a museum of painting, and a botanic garden. Lat. 47° 19′ N., Lon. 5° 2′ E. Pop. 26,000. (B.)

DIL-LING-EN, a t. of Bavaria, on the Danube. Lat. 48° 34' N., Lon. 10° 30' E. Pop. 3,300. (B.)

DINAN, de'-nåN', a t. of France, in the dep. of Côtes du Nord, on the r. Rance, at the entrance of the canal of the Ille and Rance, 200 m. W. by S. from Paris. Lat. 48° 27' N., Lon. 2° 4' W. Pop. in 1832, 8,044. (P. C.)

DINANT, de`-nån', or de-nånt', an ancient t. of Belgium, in the prov. of Namur, on the Meuse, about 12 m. S. by E. of the city of Namur. Its name is supposed to be derived from a temple dedicated to Diana, which once stood on this spot. Lat. 50° 15′ N., Lon. 4° 54′ E. Pop. about 4,000. (B.)

DINGLE, ding-gle, a seaport t. of Ireland, in Kerry co., on a bay of the same name. Lat. 52° 9' N., Lon. 10° 16′ W. Pop. in 1831, 4,327.

(P. C.)

DIN-WID-DIE, a co. in the S. E. part of Va., bordering on the Appomattox r. Pop. 22,558. Seat of justice, Dinwiddie c. h.

DISMAL SWAMP, a tract of marshy land, between Virginia and North Carolina. It is about 30 m. long and 10 m. broad. In the centre is Drummond's Pond,15 m. in circumference, in about 36° 35′ N. Lat., and 76° 30′ W. Lon.

DIXMUDE, dix'-müde', (Flem. Dixmuyden, dix-moi'-den or dix-moi!deh,) a fortified t. of Belgium, in W. Flanders, 20 m. S. W. of Bruges. Lat. 51° 2' N., Lon. 2° 52′ E. Pop. 3,189. (P. C.)

DIZIER, SAINT, sân de'-ze-, a t. of France, in the dep. of Upper Marne, situated on the r. Marne, which, at this place, begins to be navigable. Lat. 48° 38' N., Lon. 4° 56′ E. Pop. in 1832, 5,957. (P. C.) DJIDDA. See JIDDA.

DNIEPER, nee'-per, (Russ. pron. dnyep'-er, or dne-à-per; Anc. Borys!thenes,) one of the largest rivers of European Russia, which rises in the N. part of the government of Smolensk, and, flowing in a general southern direction, unites with the Bog, and forms a large liman (le-mån') or swampy lake at the N. N. W. extremity of the Black Sea, nearly 50 m. long, and from 1 to 6 broad. The whole length of the Dnieper is perhaps 1,200 m.

DNIESTER, nees/-ter, (Russ. pron. dnyes'-ter or dne-ace-ter: Anc. Ty/ras, afterwards Danas'tris,) an important r. of European Russia. which commences from a small lake in Austrian Galicia, in about 49° N. Lat., and 23° E. Lon., and, flowing in a general south-easterly direc tion, enters the Black Sea by a broad liman (see DNIEPER), about 19 m. long and 5 m. wide. Its whole length is not less than 510 m.

DOAB or DOOAB, doo-åb', signifying "two waters," is employed in Hindostan, to denote any tract of land included between two rivers, and is equivalent to the Greek MESOPOTAMIA. There are several Doabs in India, but the dist. to which the name is most generally applied, is situ

ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng.

ated between the Ganges and the Jumna. This tract is above 500 m. long, and, on an average, about 55 m. broad. DODGE, a co. in the S. E. part of Wisconsin. DOFRAFIELD. See DOVREFIELD.

DOLE, a t. of France, in the dep. of Jura, on canal which connects the Rhone with the Rhine. several other scientific and literary institutions. 5° 28' E. Pop. in 1832, 7,304. (P. C.)

Pop. 67.

the r. Doubs and the It has a college and Lat. 47° 7′ N., Lon.

DOLGELLY, dol-geth/-le, the largest t. of Merionethshire, in Wales. Lat. 52° 44' N., Lon. 3° 51′ W. Pop. of the parish, 3,695.

DOL-LART, a small gulf, situated in the N. extremity of Holland, at the mouth of the r. Ems.

DOMINGO, SAINT. See HAYTI.

DOMINICA, dom'-in-ee-ka, or, more usually, dom`-in-eek', one of the W. India Islands belonging to the English. It is intersected by the parallel of 15° 18' N. Lat., and the meridian of 61° 28′ W. Lon., and is 28 m. long. The area is computed at 260 sq. m. Pop. in 1833, 18,660. (P. C.)

DON, (Anc. Tanlais; Tartar Doo/-nå; Calmuck Ton-gool',) a r. of European Russia, which rises from a small lake in the government of Toola, in about 54° N. Lat., and, flowing in a general southerly course, empties itself into the N. E. extremity of the Sea of Azoph, by several mouths. Its whole length is estimated at 900 m.

DON'-COS/-SACKS. The territory of the Don-Cossacks is a free country, which acknowledges the Russian sovereign as its chief, but is not reduced to the condition of a province, or organized as a government, like other parts of the empire. It lies between 46° 5′ and 51° 12′ N. Lat., and 37° 23′ and 44° 42′ E. Lon. Agriculture, cattle-breeding, the fisheries, and the cultivation of the vine, constitute t e principal occupation of the Don-Cossacks. Their mode of life is in general very simple and frugal, and the enjoyment of civil freedon has given them an independence of mind, which places them far higher in the social scale than the abject Russian. They are proverbial y hospitable and cheerful, but violent when excited, and, although they consider the plunder of their enemy lawful in war, theft is almost unknown among them. Pop. 529,083. (P. C.) New Tcherkask is their capital. Lat. 47° 24′ N., Lon. 39° 57′ E. Pop. between 11,000 and 12,000. (P. C.) DONAGHADEE, don`-a-Hå-dee', a t. of Ireland, in the co. of Down, on the coast of the Irish Channel, where packets are established for the conveyance of the mails to and from Port Patrick, in Scotland, which is 21 m. distant. Lat. 54° 38′ N., Lon. 5° 34′ W. Pop. in 1831, 2,986. (P. C.)

DONC-AS-TER, (Lat. Da/num; Saxon Dona Ceaster,) a handsome t. of England, in the W. Riding of Yorkshire, on the Don, a branch of the Aire, 32 m. S. by W. of York. Pop. 10,455.

DON-E-GAL, a Co. in the prov. of Ulster, occupying the N. W. extremity of Ireland. Pop. in 1831, 289,149. (P. C.)

Fåte, får, fåll, fåt; me, inet; pine or pine, pin; nò, nỗt; õõ, as in good;

DONEGAL, a t. of the above co., situated near the head of a bay of the same name. Lat. 54° 39' N., Lon. 8° 6' W.

DON'-GO-LA, a prov. of Upper Nubia, extending along the banks of the Nile, from about 18° to 19° 30′ N. Lat. (P. C.) Its length is about 150 m.; its breadth may be considered as extending no farther than the strip of productive land on each side of the river, which is from 1 m. to 3 m. wide; beyond this is the desert. The principal town is Mar-ag!ga or New Dongola, in Lat. 19° 9′ N. Old Dongola is farther S.; it was formerly a considerable town, but is now almost deserted.

DOR-CHES-TER, (called by the Romans Durnovaria and Durinum; Saxon Dornceaster, probably a corruption of Durini Castra, i. e. the "Station of Durinum,”) a t. of England, cap. of Dorsetshire, 112 m. S. by W. from London. Lat. 50° 43′ N., Lon. 2° 26' W. Pop., including an area of 3 sq. m., 3,249.

DORCHESTER, & Co. in the S. E. part of Md., bordering on the Chesapeake Bay and state of Del. Pop. 18,843. Co. t. Cambridge.

DOR-DOGNE, (Fr. pron. dor`-doñ',) a r. in the S. of France, which rises in the dep. of Puy de Dôme, and, flowing in a general westerly direction, unites with the Garonne, at Bourg (booR), about 15 m. below Bordeaux, to form the Gironde. Its whole length is nearly 250 m., for more than 130 of which it is navigable.

DORDOGNE, a dep. in the S. W. part of France, deriving its name from the above river, by which it is intersected. Pop. 487,502. (B.) Capital, Périgueux.

DORDRECHT, doRt/-rekt, or DORT, an ancient city of S. Holland, on an i. formed by the Meuse, 12 m. S. E. of Rotterdam. It was the birthplace of Gerard Vossius and the brothers Dewit. Lat. 51° 49′ N., Lon. 4° 40′ E. Pop. estimated at 17,000. (B.)

DORNOCH, dor/-nok, a small t. in the N. of Scotland, in the co. of Sutherland, on a frith of the same name. Lat. 57° 52′ N., Lon. 4° 2' W.

Dorpat, dor/-påt, or DÖRPT, a t. in the Russian government of Livonia, the cap. of a circle of the same name, on the Great Embach (em/-bak), which is navigable from this place to its entrance into the Peipus. It has several institutions, among which may be cited its flourishing university, attended by about 580 students, and possessing a library of near 60,000 vols. Lat. 58° 22′ N., Lon. 26° 43′ E. Pop. in 1833, 10,802. (P. C.)

DOR/-SET-SHIRE, a co. in the S. of England, bordering on the English Channel. Pop. 175,043.

DOUAI or DOUAY, doo'-à', an ancient fortress and commercial t. of France, in the dep. of Nord, on the r. Scarpe, a branch of the Scheldt, and on a canal, by which it communicates with the principal places of the dep. and of the Low Countries. It has an académie universitaire, a royal college, and several other institutions for education. Lat. 50° 21' N., Lon. 3° 4' E. Pop. 19,000. (B.)

DOUBS, doobz, a r. in the E. of France, which rises in the dep. to