Fåte, får, fåll, fât; mẻ, met; pine or pine, pin; nò, nôt; õõ as in good;

in cotton, for which Mosul was once so celebrated, have greatly declined, though they are still extensive. Lat. 36° 21' N., Lon. about 43 E. Pop. probably above 60,000. (B.)

MOULINS, moo-lån, a commercial and manufacturing t. of France, the cap. of the dep. of Allier, on the r. Allier (here crossed by a fine stone bridge, above 700 ft. in length), 165 m. S. S. E. of Paris. It possesses a royal college, a public library of 20,000 vols, and some other institutions. Lat. 46° 34′ N., Lon. 3° 19′ E. Pop. 14,502. (B.) MOURZOUK. See MOORZOOK.

MOZAMBIQUE, mo`-zam-beek', (called by the natives Mås-åm-beek',) a seaport t. of E. Africa, the cap. of a Portuguese colony of the same name. Lat. 14° 49′ S., Lon. 40° 45′ E. Pop. unknown.

MUH-LEN-BURG, a co. in the W. part of Ky., bordering on Green r. Pop. 6,964. Co. t. Greenville.

Lat,

MÜHLHAUSEN, müle/-hou`-zẹn, a walled t. in Prussian Saxony, on the Unstrut, with numerous manufactures and an active commerce. 51° 13' N., Lon. 10° 29′ E. Pop. near 12,000. (P. C.)

MUHLHAUSEN, mule`-hou/-zen, (Fr. Mulhouse, mül`-ooze',) a manufacturing and commercial t. of France, in the dep. of Upper Rhine, on the Ill, a tributary of the Rhine. It is the great centre of the manufacture of printed cottons and silks, so much esteemed for their brilliant and indelible colours. This business is carried here to a higher degree of perfection, and conducted on a more extensive scale than in any other place in the world. The manufactures of Muhlhausen and its immediate vicinity, occupy near 60,000 workmen, the annual value of whose productions is estimated at 50,000,000 francs. (B.) Lat. 47° 47′ N., Lon. 7° 21' E. The present pop., according to Balbi, amounts to more than 24,000, having quadrupled itself since the commencement of the present century.

MÜHLHEIM, müle/-hime, a manufacturing t. of the Prussian states, on the Ruhr (roor), an affluent of the Rhine. Lat. 51° 26' N., Lon. 6° 53' E. Pop. 6,400. (B.)

MULL, one of the Hebrides, forming a part of Argyleshire, and separated from the main land of Scotland by a channel called the Sound of Mull. It is about 35 m. in length and 14 in its greatest breadth, containing an area of about 300 sq. m.

MUL-LIN-GAR', the cap. of the co. of Westmeath, Ireland, situated 44 m. W. by N. of Dublin. Pop. in 1831, 4,295. (M.)

MUN-DEN, a manufacturing and commercial t. of Germany, in Hanover, at the confluence of the Fulda and Werra, whose united streams here take the name of Weser. Lat. 51° 26′ N., Lon. 9° 38′ E. Pop 5,300. (B.)

MU-NICH (Ger. München, mün'-Hen), a city of Bavaria, the cap. of the circle of the Isar, and of the whole kingdom, is situated on the Isar, 225 in. W. of Vienna. This town has been greatly improved and enlarged since the beginning of the present century, and now ranks

From the name of this town, the word muslin has been derived.

ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng.

among the handsomest in Germany. New and splendid streets are seen extending in all directions, adorned with elegant houses and magnificent public buildings. The king's palace, when the important alterations undertaken by the reigning sovereign shall have been completed, will probably be the richest and most beautiful royal residence in the Germanic empire. As a seat of learning and the arts, Munich stands in the first rank of European cities. Among the most remarkable institutions, we may name the University, formerly established at Ingolstadt, whence it was removed, in 1800, to Landshut, and in 1827 transferred to the Bavarian capital; there are 58 ordinary and 10 extraordinary professors, and between 1,300 and 1,400 students; the University library contains 105,000 vols.: the Public Library, with 400,000 printed vols. and 8,500 manuscripts: the Royal Academy of Arts: and the Military Academy. Munich is greatly indebted to the taste and liberality of the present sovereign, Ludwig I., not only for the recent improvement in the buildings and general appearance of the city, but especially for its distinguished reputation as a seat of the fine arts. The magnificent collections in painting and sculpture, deposited in the Pinacotheca, "picture-repository," and the Glyptotheca, "sculpture-repository," are regarded as the chief glory of the Bavarian capital, and may rank among the finest establishments of the kind in the world. The observatory of Munich, one of the best in Europe, is in Lat. 48° 8' 45'' N., Lon. 11° 36′ 37′′ E. Pop. about 100,000. (B.)

MUN-STER (Ger. Mün'-ster), a city of the Prussian dominions, the cap. of a circle of the same name, and of the whole prov. of Westphalia, is situated on the Aa, a tributary of the Ems, with which river it also communicates by a canal. It was formerly strongly fortified, but in 1765 the fortifications were destroyed, and the ramparts planted with linden trees and converted into a promenade. Munster has an academy, attended by 350 students, with a faculty of philosophy, and one of theology (for the Roman Catholics); and a gymnasium, attended by nearly 400 students, with a library of 25,000 vols. Lat. 51° 58′ N., Lon. 7° 36′ E. Pop. 21,000. (B.)

MUN'-STER, one of the four provinces into which Ireland is divided, occupying the S. W. portion of the island, comprising the counties of Clare, Cork, Kerry, Limerick, Tipperary and Waterford.

MURCIA, mur/-she-a, (Sp. pron. moor/-the-å,) a prov. and formerly a kingdom in the S. E. of Spain, bordering on Andalusia and the Mediterranean. Extreme length, from N. to S., about 130 m.; greatest breadth, from E. to W., near 110 m.-Adj. and inhab. MURCIAN, mur'she-an; (Sp. Murciano, moor-the-ả/-no.)

MURCIA, a city of Spain, the cap. of the above prov., situated in a beautiful and fertile valley, watered by the r. Segura (ség-oo-rå), about 26 m., in a straight line, from the sea. It is the seat of several col

leges and other institutions. The silk manufactures of this place are said to have formerly employed 16,000 hands, but now only 400. The inhabitants of the capital, like those of the province generally, are described as slothful, gloomy, and reserved, on which account Murcia is

Fåte, får, fåll, fåt; mě, mět; pine or pine, pln; nô, nôt; õõ as in gooà,

said to be one of the dullest cities in Spain. Lat. 38° N., Lon. 1° 14' W. Pop. 36,000. (B.)

MUR-FREES-BO- ROUGH, a small t. of Tenn., the seat of justice of Rutherford co., and formerly the cap. of the state, situated 32 m., in a straight line, S. E. of Nashville.

MURRAY. See ELGIN.

MUR/-RAY, a co. in the N. W. part of Ga., bordering on Tenn. Pop. 4,695. Co. t. Springplace.

MURRAY FRITH. See MORAY FRITH.

MURVIEDRO, MOOR-ve-à-dro, (Anc. Sagun/tum, afterwards Murvetum or Mu'ri Vet/eres, i. e. "old walls,") a t. of Spain, in the prov. of Valencia, chiefly interesting on account of its antiquities. Lat. 39° 41' N., Lon. 0° 17′ W. Pop. 6,000. (B.)

MUS-CAT', a fortified seaport of Arabia, the cap. of the prov. of Oman, important as the great entrepôt for the merchandise brought through the Persian Gulf from India to Persia and Arabia, and as the centre of the trade in pearls, which are found in such abundance in the Persian Gulf. Lat. about 23° 30′ N., Lon. 58° 39′ E. Pop. ordinarily estimated at about 12,000 (B.), though some rate it much higher. The imâm (or sacerdotal prince) of Muscat is an independent sovereign, possessing, besides the little state of Muscat, the island of Zanzibar, of Africa, and some territory on the opposite coast.

MUSCATINE, mus-ka-teen', a co. in the E. part of Iowa, bordering on the Mississippi. Pop. 1,942. Co. t. Bloomington.

Mus-co/-GEE (G hard), a co. in the W. part of Georgia, bordering on the Chattahoochee. Pop. 11,699., Co. t. Columbus.

MUSKINGUM, mus-king/-gum, a r. in the S. E. part of Ohio, which flows into the Ohio r. It is navigable for boats about 100 m.

MUSKINGUM, a Co. in the S. E. central part of Ohio, intersected by the above river. Pop. 38,749. Co. t. Zanesville.

MUSSELBURGH, mus/-sel-bur`-reh, a seaport t. of Scotland, in Edinburgshire, on the Frith of Forth, at the mouth of the Esk, 5 m. E. of Edinburgh. Pop. 6,331.

MYSORE, mi-sore', a large prov. in the S. of Hindostan, belonging to the presidency of Madras, between 11° 30′ and 15° N. Lat., and 74° 45 and 78° 40′ E. Lon. Pop. estimated at 2,500,000. (M.)

MYSORE, the cap. of the above, occupies a considerable space of ground, which is enclosed by a wall. Lat. 12° 19′ N., Lon. 76° 42′ E. Pop. probably above 50,000. (B.)

NAAS, nice, a t. of Ireland, in the co. of Kildare, 18 m. S. W. of Dublin. Pop. in 1831, 3,808.

NAG-POOR', a large but badly built city of Hindostan, in the prov. of Gundwana, the cap. of a kingdom of the same name. Lat. 21° 9' N., Lon. 79° 10′ E. Pop. in 1825, 115,000. (B.)

NAGY ENYED, nody (almost nodge-see Int. XXII., 16 and 17) en'yed', a large village of Transylvania, near the right bank of the Marosch, remarkable for its Protestant college, which is regarded as the

ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng.

first institution of the kind in that country. Lat. 46° 18′ N., Lon. 23° 41 E. Pop. 6,000. (B.)

NAGY KA'ROLY, nòdy kåå/-roî`, a t. in the E. part of Hungary, 37 m. E. by N. of Debreczin, Pop. above 11,000. (P. C.)

NAGY SZOMBATH. See TYRNAU.

NAGY VARAD. See GROSS-WARDEIN.

NAIRN-SHIRE, & co. of Scotland, S. of, and bordering on Moray Frith. Pop. 9,217.

NAIRN, the cap. of the above, is a seaport t. at the mouth of a small river of the same name, which flows into Moray Frith. Pop. 2,672. NA-MUR (Fr. pron. nå'-mür'; Flem. Namen, nå/-men); a prov. in the S. E. part of Belgium, bordering on France. Area, 1,413 sq. m. Pop. 212,725. (P. C.)

NAMUR (Lat. Namur/cum), the cap. of the above prov., situated at the confluence of the Sambre and the Meuse. It is regarded as the strongest fortress in Belgium, and is the seat of various manufactures, particularly of arms and cutlery. Lat. 50° 28′ N., Lon. 4° 51' E. Pop. 19,000. (B.)

NANCY (Fr. pron. nån`-se), a t. of France, the cap. of the dep. of Meurthe, and formerly of Lorraine, near the r. Meurthe, 30 m. S. of Metz. It has an académie universitaire, a royal college, a rich museum, a public library of 23,000 vols., and other institutions. Lat. 48" 42′ N., Lon. 6° 10′ E. Pop. 30,000. (B.)

NANGASAKI, nang`-ga-så/-ke, a seaport t. of Japan, on the island_of Keoo-seoo (Kiu-siu), the only place in the empire which is open to Europeans. The streets are narrow and winding; but the numerous temples render the appearance of the town picturesque to those approaching from a distance. Lat. 32° 46′ N., Lon. 129° 52′ E. Pop. variously estimated from 15,000 or 18,000 (P. C.), to 60,000 or 70,000 (M.) This great difference may perhaps be accounted for by the occasional influx of foreigners.

NAN-KIN OF NAN-KING! called also KIANG NING, a large city of China, formerly the cap. of the empire, situated near the right bank of the river Yang-tse-kiang, about 120 m. from its mouth. It is enclosed by walls, nearly 20 m. in circuit, composed of limestone, cemented by sunburnt clay. The city has declined much, both in size and splendour, since the end of the 13th century, when Kublai-Khan removed the imperial residence to Pekin. At that time, Nankin was the largest town on the globe. The streets of this city, though not so wide as those of Pekin, are regular and generally handsome, clean, well-paved, and bordered with wellfurnished shops. The most remarkable edifice is the famous porcelain tower, an octagonal building, above 200 ft. high: each side of the base is 40 ft. long. There are 9 stories, of equal height; at the termination of each, a roof, built in the Chinese fashion, projects some feet on the outside, and under it is a passage round the tower. At the projecting corners of these roofs small bells are fastened, which sound with the slightest breeze. The material of which the walls are constructed is said to be a kind of white brick, made of fine clay. Nearly the whole

Fåte, får, fåll, fât; mẻ, met; plne or pine, pin; nỏ, nôt; ŏŏ as in good; of the interior is gilded. Nankin is connected by canals with the Yang-tse-Kiang; it carries on an active commerce, and is the seat of numerous manufactures. It is also distinguished as a centre of learning and the arts. Lat. 32° 5' N., Lon. 118° 47′ E. The pop., which is said to have once been 4,000,000, is at present estimated by Balbi at about 500,000.

NAN-SE-MOND', a co. in the S. E. part of Va., bordering on N. C. Pop. 10,795. Co. t. Suffolk.

NANTES (Fr. pron. nånt: Anc. Condevic/num; afterwards Namne'tes), a city of France, the cap. of the dep. of Lower Loire, delightfully situated on the N. bank of the Loire, 210 m. W. S. W. of Paris. It is, for the most part, well built, and contains about 20 places or squares. Among its various literary and scientific institutions, this town possesses a royal college, a school of medicine, a museum of antiquities, a valuable cabinet of natural history, a public library of 30,000 vols., &c. Nantes is one of the most commercial places in France, and is the seat of numerous manufactures. Lat. 47° 13′ N., Lon. 1° 32′ W. Pop. 75,150. (B.)

NAN-TUCK-ET, an i. in the Atlantic, belonging to Massachusetts, from the main land of which it is distant about 20 m. It is about 16 m. in length, with a mean breadth of 4 or 5 m. It forms the co. of Nantucket, which has a pop. of 9,012.

NANTUCKET, a port of entry, cap. side of the i., with a good harbour. NANT-WICH, a t. of England, in Pop. 5,489.

of the above, is situated on the N. Lat. 41° 17′ N., Lon. 70° 6′ W. Cheshire, 18 m. S. E. of Chester.

NA-PLES (It. Napoli, nå'-po-le: Anc. Parthen'ope and Neapolis), an archiepiscopal city and seaport of Italy, the cap. of a kingdom to which it gives its name, is situated on the N. side of a small bay of the Mediterranean, called the Gulf of Naples, 118 m. S. E. of Rome. It contains but few buildings deserving admiration for their architecture; they are generally either disproportionate in their parts, or overloaded with ornaments. The houses of Naples are flat-roofed and covered with a kind of stucco, which becomes indurated on exposure to the atmosphere. Most of them have balconies in front, making the streets, which are generally narrow, appear still narrower. The most remarkable edifices are: the royal palace (La Reggia, lå red'-jå), a large mass of buildings, constructed at different times; the new palace has a front nearly 400 ft. in length, with three orders of pillars, one above the other, Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian; the apartments are adorned with valuable paintings of the old Italian masters: the Palazzo degli Studj Publici (på-låt/-so del-ye stool-de-e, poob'-le-che), erected in the early part of the 17th century, originally intended and used for a university, but afterwards, in 1790, converted into a great national museum; this, called Museo Borbonico (moo-sà'-o bor-bon'-e-ko), is said to be unrival led in its collection of various antiquities; it contains also the Royal Library of 150,000 vols., which is open to the public. Naples possesses a great number of institutions for education, among which we may cita