ECLIPSES IN 1851.

In the year 1851, there will be four eclipses, two of the Sun, and two of the Moon; of which eclipses, two, namely, one of the Sun, and one of the Moon, will be visible in the United States.

I. Friday, January 17th. A partial eclipse of the Moon, invisible in the United States.

Digits eclipsed 5° 35' on the northern limb.

This eclipse will be visible in Europe, Asia, Africa, and New Holland.

II. Friday and Saturday, January 31st and February 1st. An annular eclipse of the Sun, invisible in the United States.

Beginning of the general eclipse, Jan. 31st, 9h. 55.5m. A. (mean time at Washington), in latitude 32° 57' S., and longitude 36° 1' E. of Greenwich.

Beginning of the central and annular eclipse 31st day, 11h. 15.5m. A., in latitude 47° 41' S., and longitude 7° 44 E. of Greenwich.

Central eclipse at noon, Feb. 1st, Oh. 32.2m. M., in latitude 58° 23′ S., and longitude 98° 22′ E. of Greenwich.

End of the central and annular eclipse, 1st day, 2h. 17.0m. M., in latitude 28° 57' S. and longitude 171° 49′ E. of Greenwich.

End of the general eclipse 1st day, 3h. 37.0m. M., in latitude 13° 13' S. and longitude 146° 21′ E. of Greenwich.

The central line passes over the points on the earth's surface whose positions are,

This eclipse will be visible in the southernmost portions of Africa, in New Holland, South Victoria, and the Indian Ocean.

III. Sunday, July 13th. A partial eclipse of the Moon, visible in the United States, as follows:

The time of beginning may be computed for any other place by the following table :

Long. July 13th. Long. July 13th. Long. July 13th. Long. July 13th.

The time of the end may be found by adding 3h. 2m. to the time of beginning.

The magnitude of the eclipse is 8 digits on the Moon's south limb.

IV. Monday, July 28th. A total eclipse of the Sun, partially visible in the United States.*

Beginning of the general eclipse, 7h. 6.1m. M., mean time at Washington, in latitude 36° 0' N., and longitude 10° 28′ W. of Greenwich.

Beginning of central and total eclipse, 7h. 17 7m. M., in latitude 53° 43' N., and longitude 137° 48′ W. of Greenwich.

Central eclipse at noon, 9h. 13.0m. M., in latitude 69° 51′ N., and longitude 33° 43′ W. of Greenwich.

End of central and total eclipse, 10h. 31.5m. M., in latitude 39° 6' N., and longitude 52° 50′ E. of Greenwich.

End of the general eclipse at 11h. 43.1m. M., in latitude 20° 28′ N., and longitude 26° 7' E. of Greenwich.

The centre of the shadow passes over the points on the Earth's surface whose positions are,—

This eclipse will be visible throughout Europe, the greater part of North America, in the western portions of Asia, and the northern and western portions of Africa. Being visible over so large a part of the civilized globe, its observation will be of especial interest and value.

The phases of the eclipse will occur approximately as follows:

*For the elements and phases of this eclipse, the Almanac is indebted to Lieut. C. H. Davis, U. S. N., the Superintendent of the American Nautical Almanac, who has communicated them by the authority of the Hon. Secretary of the Navy.

The following is a more exact determination of the phases for the Observatories of America.

7 35 30.2

7 55 22.2

7 40 32.7
7 35 31.2
7 30 1.4
7 8 10.7

6 33 43.1

For other places the phases of the eclipse may be found from the following

31

41

36.1 34.9 33.7 31.6 31.4

27.2

26.3

25.4 24.6

42

35.3 34.2 33.1 31.9 30.8 29,8 28.8

27.9

27.0

26.1

25.2 24.5

43
34.8 33.7 32.6 31.6 30.5 29.6 28.5 27.6 26.7 25.9
44 34.3 33.3 32.3 31.3 30.3 29,3 28.3 27.5 26.7 25.9
45 34.1 33.1 32.1 31.1 30.2 29.4 28.5 27.7 26.9 26.1
46 34.0 33.0 32.1 31.2 30.3 29.6 28.8 28.0 27-2 26.4

25.1 24.4

25.2 24.5

25.3 24.7

48

34.1 33.3 32.5

49

34.4 33.6 32.8

32.0

50

34.8 34.0 33.2 32.4

47 34.0 33.1 32.2 31.3 30.6 29,7 28.9 28.2 27.4 26.7
31.7 30.8 29.9 29.1 28.4 27.7 27.0 26.3 25.8 25.3 24.8 24.4 24.0 23.6 23.3
31.2 30.3 29.6 28.9 28.2 27.5 26.8 26.3 25.8 25.4 24.9 24.5 24.2 23.9
31.6 30.8 30.1 29.5 28.9 28.3 27.7 27.2 26.7 26.2 25.7 25.2 24.8 24.5

h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m.
h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. 0 52.60 47.90 44.30 41.40 38.80 36.70 34.50 32.71 31.10 29.50 28.10 26.80 25.60 24.5
h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. 0 59.80 53.70 49.60 46.4 43.4 40.9 38.5 36.4 34.6 32.9 31.2 29.6 28.2 26.9 25.7 24.6 23.6 22.7
32 h. m. h. m. 1 5.00 59.00 55.00 51.4 48.3 45.5 43.0 40.7 38.6 36.6 34,8 33.1 31.5 30.0 28.6 27.3
26.1 25.0 24.0 23.1 22.2 21.4
33 0 59.60 56.3 0 53.2 50.4 47.7 41.3 43.1 41.0 39.0 37.1 35.3 33.7 32.1 30.6 29.2 27.9 26.7 25.6 24.5 23.5 22.5 21.7 20.9 20:1
34 52.6 50.0 47.7 45.5 43.4 41.5 39.5 37.6 35.9 34.3 32,8 31.4 30.0 28.7 27.5 26.3 25.2 24.2 23.3
22.4 21.6 20.8 20.0
35 48.0 46.0 44.0 42.1 40.2 38.4 36.7 35.1 33.6 32.2 30.8 29.5 28.3 27.1 26.0 24.9 23.9 22.9 21.9 21.0 20.1 19.4 18.9
36 44.8 42.9 41.1. 39.4 37.8 36.2 34.6 33.2 31.8 30.5 29.3 28.11 27.0 25.9 24.9 23.9 23.0 22.2
21.4 20.6 19.9 19.2 18.6
37 42.1 40.5
38.9 37.3
35.8 34,3 32.9 31.6
30.4
29.2 28.0 26.9
25.9 24.9 24.0 23.1 22.2
19.5 18.9
38 40.1 38.6 37.1 35.7 34.3 33.0 31.7 30.4 29.2 28.1 27.0 26.0 25.1 24.2 23.3
39 38.5 37.0 35.6 34.3 32.9 31.7 30.6 29.5 28.4 27.3 26.3 25.4 24.5 23.6 22.7 21.9 21.2 20.6
40 37.2 35.8 34.6 33.4 32.2 30.9 29.8 28.8 27.8 26.8 25.8 24.9 24.1 23.3 22.6 21.8 21.1 20.5
30.3 29.2 28.2
23.8 23.1 22.4 21.7 21.0 20.4
23.7 23.0 22.3 21.6 21.0 20.4
23.7 23.0 22.3 21.6 21.1 20.6
23.8 23.2 22.6 22.0 21.5 21.0
24.1 23.5 22.9 22.4 21.9 21.4
25.6 24.9 24.3 23.8 23.3 22.9 22.5 22.0
25.9 25.4 24.8 24.3 23.9 23.5 23.1 22.7