cal royal colony, 20, 22, 35; her charter
cancelled, 20; existence of the hundred
in, 28, 40; the county the active agent in,
29, 36; the parish in, 35-37; organization
of the county, 38, 39; claims the Western
territory, 57; cedes to the United States,
57; her initiative in the gathering of the
federal convention, 59; her bicameral
system adopted, 71; English settlements,
ii. 233, 234.
Virginia Company, chartered, 233.
Virginia Plan," the, i. 70, 71.
Viscount, title of, i. 436.
Visitation, right of, transferred to the king,
ii. 81; commission of, appointed, 81; report
of commissioners of, 81; report of com-
missioners of, leads to suppression of
lesser monasteries, 82; of monasteries, re-
sisted in the north, 85; right of, extended,
115.
WADDELL, A. M., on the case of Bayard v.
Singleton, i. 8o.
Waitz, Georg, on Salic Law, i. 222.
Wakefield, battle of, i. 559.
Wales, conquered by Edward I., i. 408; in-
corporated with England, 14.
Wallingford, treaty of, i. 277, 283, 306.
Walpole, Robert, forced to resign, ii. 460;
returns to power, 460; first prime minister
in modern sense, 460, 478; favors a peace
policy, 460; Carlyle on his policy, 460;
forced to drop the Excise Bill, 460, 461;
struggle for his overthrow, 461; forced to
resign by adverse vote in commons, 461;
becomes a peer, 462; on bribery in the
house of commons, 472.
Warbeck, Perkin, ii. 23.
Wards and Liveries, Court of, extinction, ii.
361.
Wardships, i. 272, 294, 361; regulated by
Great Charter, 384, 406; bill against, ii.
forms the basis of the new constitution, i.
65-67.
Webster, Pelatiah, system of government
proposed by, i. 65.
Wedmore, peace of, i. 167.
Weights, regulated by Great Charter, i. 390.
Weirs, i. 390.
Wellington, Duke of, declaration against
reform, ii. 527; driven from office, 527;
failure to form a ministry, 529; resistance
to the reform bill of 1832, 529.
Welsh, driven westwards by the Teutonic
conquerors, i. 120, 149; position of, 150;
wars of, with Wessex, 164, 165; in Corn-
wall, defeated by Ecgberht, 166; the resti-
tution to, under Great Charter, 391.
Wentworth, Paul, imprisoned, ii. 206.
Wentworth, Peter, asserts the parliamentary
right of deliberation, ii. 207; imprisoned,
Wentworth, Sir Thomas, enters parliament,
ii. 237; elected to house of commons, 266;
outlines the substance of the Petition of
Right, 268, 291; on granting subsidies to
Charles I., 268; dismissed as justice of the
peace, 291; refuses to pay a forced loan,
291; made a peer and enters into royal
favor, 291; attempts to build up a system
of despotism, 291, 292; president of the
Council of the North, 292; lord deputy
for Ireland, 292; becomes earl of Stafford
and lord lieutenant of Ireland, 297; on
the Short Parliament, 299; struggle with
Pym, 301-304; impeached, 301; accused
of levying war against the king, 302; im-
peachment abandoned and bill of attainder
resorted to, 303; executed, 304.
Wergild, the king's, i. 181; origin of its in-
stitution, 195, 196.
Wessex, its tribal kings, i. 146; extent of,
154; its conversion, 158; Mercian inva-
sion of, 163; supremacy of, 164–166, 171,
176, ii. 1; shire system in, 172; earldom
of, 215. See also, below, West Saxons.
Warham, archbishop of Canterbury, at Westminster, burial of Eadward the Con-
tempts to reform the clergy, ii. 8o.
Warwick, Earl of (Edward Plantagenet), ii.
23; supplants Somerset, 124; continues
Somerset's policy, 124; Riot Act, 125.
Warwick, Earl of (Richard Neville), i. 558,
559, 568.
Washington, George, his opinion of the first
federal constitution, i. 59; his circular let-
ter, 59; his part in the work of the con-
vention, 62; in "The Virginia Plan," 70;
Alfred the Great compared with, 167.
Watch and Ward, established, ii. 196, 197;
union with the county militia, 197.
Webster, Noah, his system of government
fessor and coronation of William the Con-
queror at, i. 229, 231; its unique position,
229; provisions of, 401; meeting-place of
parliament fixed at, 477, 478.
Westminster Assembly, creation, and its du-
ties, ii. 325, 326.
West Saxons, conversion of, i. 158; Mercian
supremacy broken by, 163.
Whigs, the, use of the name, ii. 385; treat-
ment of the leaders by Charles II., 387,
388; gain control of the cabinet, 440, 441,
444; adopt party organization in the house
of commons, 441; first Whig ministry,
447; unwise impeachment of Dr. Sache-
verell, 449; favored by George I., 455;
rule of thirty years, 456, 478; strengthen
their hold by the Septennial Act, 457, 458;
silence convocation, 459; effort to restrain
the creation of peerages, 459, 460; last ad-
ministration of, 463; factions among, 504.
Whitby, Synod of, i. 159.
Whitelocke, trial and censure, ii. 241.
Whitgift, Archbishop, attack on
clergy, ii. 172.
Wilda, on the gild system, i. 459.
Wilfrid, converts the South Saxons, i. 159.
Wilkes, John, assails Bute in The North
Briton, ii. 480; his criticism in No. 45 of
The North Briton, 480; general warrant for
his arrest, 480, 481; his suit against Wood,
481, 482; claims parliamentary privilege,
482; charged with criminal libel before
the king's bench, 482; delivered by the
commons to the courts of law, 483; ex-
pelled and declared incapable of reelection,
483; contest with Luttrell, 484; commons
declares its disqualifying resolution illegal,
484; found guilty by the king's bench,
488; fight for the recognition of public
opinion, 494, 495; scheme for reform in
representation, 520.
Wilkes v. Wood, ii. 481.
William the Conqueror, born at Falaise, i.
220; results of his knowledge of Frank
feudalism, 225; his rule in Normandy,
226; visits England, 228; alleged promise
of Eadward to, 228; refuses to recognize
Harold's election, 229; coronation at
Westminster, 229, 231; lands at Pevensey, |
230; victorious at Senlac, 230; crown
offered to, 231; his election and corona-
tion, 231, 240; skill displayed in his claim
to the English crown, 232, 235, 266, 354;
his anti-feudal policy, 233, 234, 564; con-
solidation of England under, 234; sub-
mission of the southeast, 234; conquest of
the west and north, 234, 235; confiscation
and regrant under, 235, 236, 242, 265;
development of feudal tenure under, 238,
295, 335; his continuance of existing
usages, 254; his temporal and ecclesiasti-
cal reorganization, 257-261, 339; his re-
strictions on the papal power, 259; limits
ecclesiastical legislation, 262; orders the
Great Survey, 265; his immediate succes-
sion to Eadward assumed in Domesday,
266; his gemot at Salisbury, 268, 269;
statute passed making all men the men of
the king, 269; his death, 270; exaction of
revenue under, 294, 334; his ecclesiastical
policy, 339; exacts every kind of revenue,
ii. 5; establishes the principle that king
is supreme landlord, 6.
William Longsword, duke of the Normans,
gains the Avranches and Coutances, i.
220; murdered, 220.
William Rufus, system of military tenures
under, i. 239, 244, 271; his use of the
shire and hundred courts, 255; his acces-
sion, 270; revolt of the Norman nobles
under Odo, 270; his promises to the Eng-
lish, 270; influence of Ranulf Flambard
on, 271; development of feudal ideas
under, 272; his death and burial, 272;
Hall of Westminster built by, 477.
William III. and Mary, marriage, ii. 405;
refuse to aid abolition of the penal laws
and the Test Act, 405, 406; invitation
extended to contest the throne of Eng-
land, 406, 407; reasons for acceptance of
the invitation, 406, 407; circumstances
of entry into England, 407, 408; call the
second convention parliament, 410; Wil-
liam refuses to be regent, 414; accepts the
crown, 415; refusal of greater ecclesiastics
to take oath of allegiance to, 430, 431;
cabinet government under, 436, 437, 440,
441; veto bill denying to all office-holders
right to sit in the house of commons, 442,
443; death of William, 446. See also
under Mary.
William IV. asks the house of lords to pass
the reform bill, ii. 529; number of peers
created by, 547; surrenders all the inde-
pendent sources of crown revenue, 552.
Wills, unknown in the primitive Teutonic
system, i. 136; origin and growth of, 137,
411; attested by the shire-moot, 202.
Wilson, James, i. 62, 71, 72.
Wiltshire, Earl of, his mission, ii. 64.
Winchelsey, Archbishop, Edward I. makes
peace with, i. 421.
Winchester, Bishop of, mission to Rome, ii.
67; views of, to supremacy, 135, 136.
Winchester, council at, i. 404; statute of,
409, 410, 453, 454.
Wines, dues on, i. 361.
Winthrop, John, in America, ii. 280.
Winwæd, battle of the, Penda slain at, i.
159, 163.
Witan, witenagemot, its origin, i. 147; be-
comes the king's council, 177, 208; rela-
tion of, to the king, 181, 182; its composi-
tion, 183, 184, 186; compared with Achaian
assembly, 183; its powers, 186 et seq.; a
supreme court of justice, 201; its conti-
nuity unbroken by the Norman Conquest,
239; its composition and powers, 240, 241,
243; its right of election, 240; practical
transformation of, 241, 242; continued
in the national council, 289; survives in
house of lords, 350, 430; its continuity,
351; transformation of, wrought by the
Conquest, 351, 352; historical origin of,
431; continues in the royal council of
the Norman kings, 431, 432; practically
transformed, 432; its right of deposition,
504.
Wittenberg, articles of religious belief drawn
up at, ii. 88.
Witnesses, i. 205, 206, 324-326, 328.
Woden, Odin, supposed ancestor of Old-
English kings, i. 114, 129, 175.
Wolsey, Thomas, rise to prominence, ii. 42;
royal almoner, 43; promotion in the
church, 43; becomes cardinal, 43; be-
comes chancellor, 43; his justice, 43; ele-
vates England on the field of European
politics, 44; appointed legate a latere, 44;
concentrates secular and ecclesiastical
power in his own hands, 44; gives Eng-
land eight years of peace, 44; struggle
with parliament and clergy over money
grants, 49; attempts to suppress Luther-
anism, 51; turning-point in his fortunes, 50;
commends a visitation of the clergy, 51;
suppresses the smaller monasteries, 51;
founds Christ's Church, 52; purges Oxford
of heresy, 52; advises Henry VIII. to re-
fer question of divorce from Catherine to
the Pope, 54; holds legatine court with
Cardinal Campeggio, 55; his overthrow,
55; his portrait of Henry VIII., 56; in-
dictment, 60; attempts to suppress the
lesser monasteries, 81.
Women, enfranchisement of married, under
Local Government Act, ii. 579.
Woodfall, H. S., case of, ii. 489.
Woodstock, assize of, i. 313.
Wool, export tax imposed on, in 1275, i. 406,
489; seized by Edward I., 420; not to be
taxed without consent of parliament, 423;
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subsidy on, granted for life to Richard III.,
586.
Worms, Concordat of, i. 346.
Writs, king's, use before and after Norman
Conquest, i. 257, 288, 315, 316, 327, 328,
335; general and special, 290, 352, 416,
433, 435; summoning representatives to
parliament, 377, 465, 468; change in the
form of, 435, 436; of 1254, 1261, and
1265, 465, 466, 469; terms of, modified,
475; result of the development of the
writ process, 476; issued by the king with
the advice of council, 477; præmunientes
clause in, 480, 481; writs of privilege, 533,
534.
Wyatt, Sir Thomas, leads protestant revolt,
ii. 138; executed, 138.
Wycliffe, John, i. 538; reprints of his tracts"
spread in England by the Lutherans, ii. 51;
effect of his teachings in England, 59.
YEAR BOOKS, i. 415.
Yelverton, Sir H., impeached, 246.
Yeomen, the basis of the electoral system, i.
510.
York, archbishopric of, i. 161, 263; submits
to William, 234; convocation of, 343.
York, Duke of, acknowledges the right of
parliament to regulate the regency, ii. 516.
York, house of, beginning of a period of
reaction toward monarchical despotism, ii.
17.
York, Richard, duke of, i. 555; his pedigree,
556; protectorate, 557; victorious, at St.
Albans, 557; his second protectorate, 557;
his defeat and triumph, 558; claims the
throne, 558; succession secured to his
house, 559; killed at Wakefield, 559.
Yorktown, surrender at, ii. 503.
Young, Thomas, case of, i. 523.
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