materials for these purposes. An exposure of one of the most striking of the numberless blunders in the United States Census of 1840 is one of the most interesting features of Mr. Shattuck's work. In the former volumes of the American Almanac we have exposed a great number of errors in this census, which must be pronounced, on the whole, to be a disgrace to the country and utterly untrustworthy. The United States census, taken in June, 1840, declared the population of Boston to be 93,383; the State census, taken only one month earlier, gave 84,401. It is very evident that both could not be correct. By careful inquiry and research Mr. Shattuck ascertained, that the difference consisted almost wholly in the number of male persons in two of the wards; and the blunder was finally traced home to the erroneous enumeration of the inmates of a very few sailor boarding-houses. The persons who took the U. States census of 1840 enumerated all those who made such houses their stopping places while in port as inhabitants of Boston, though some of them had not been in the city for three years. They might just as well have included all the visiters at the hotels during an equal period. Correcting this blunder, the population of Boston, in June, 1840, was probably about 85,000. The number in 1845, according to this city census, was 114,366, being an increase of 35 per cent. This great increase has produced a corresponding growth in the adjoining towns, and in places connected with Boston by railroads; as is shown in the following table: *The population of towns, in 1845, with this mark, is estimated. An enumeration was made in others. In the State Census, of 1840, paupers and some others were not enumerated. This will partially account for the discrepancies between the State and National Census. We make such farther extracts from Mr. Shattuck's work as our limits will permit. These facts are very remarkable, and show that 35.92 per cent., a little over one third of our population, are native born; and of these, 26.16 per cent. are under 20 years of age, and 9.76 per cent. only over 20! the remainder being emigrants from other places in the United States, or from foreign countries. The foreigners and their children are 37,289, or 32.61 per cent. of the whole population! The foreigners under 20 were 16,370, being 35.29 per cent. of the population of that age. From this statement it appears that the proportion of the colored population has been gradually diminishing. It has been reduced from 4.70 per cent. in 1800, to 1.61 in 1845, or 3.06 per cent. The colored children educated at public expense, are as follows: In the Primary School for colored children in 1845, there were 51 boys and 48 girls, or 99 in all. The colored voters were 249 in 1838, and 357 in 1845. This indicates that their condition has improved. Under 16. 16 to 45. Over 45. Under 16. 16 to 45. Over 45. The number of houses, and the average number of families to each house, at the different periods, were as follows: Table showing the proportion of married and unmarried persons, widows and Places. Population. Unmar- Mar- Widow- Unmar- Mar- Widowried. ried. ers. ried. ried. ers. The Manufacturing Industry of a people is a means of wealth which has been considered as deserving of particular notice. Facts on this subject were collected by authority of the United States in 1840, and by that of the State in 1837 and 1845. State Receipts and Expenditures as shared between Boston and all the other This statement shows that Boston, for the last six years, has, on the avcrage, annually paid into the treasury 58.07 per cent. of the whole State |