have to struggle through many adverse circumstances, in their progress towards mental convalescence." But where are the persons, not asylum-keepers, to be found who have suitable accommodation for them, and the skill to treat them successfully? That is the practical difficulty. Dr. Wynter thinks that the true method of cure is to surround the patient with sane minds, and that "this desideratum can best be found in the family of the physician where the influence of the family life of one of the best educated classes of the community, aided by professional tact, is by far the best mental medicine that can be applied to the patient." We should agree with him if only it were possible to find the right physician. But, according to our experience, the medical men who are anxious to receive an insane person into their houses are too often needy men, who think chiefly of increasing their income thereby, without thinking sufficiently of the character of the accommodation which they have to offer, and of the responsibilities which they incur. They want a "good patient," that is, a patient who shall not give them much trouble, and shall pay well, and they seem to imagine that their professional character entitles them to this easy way of making an income which they cannot make in any other way. They are apt to forget too that they have responsibilities to the patient, who is too often left entirely to the care and company of an attendant; the medical treatment consisting in dosing him with hydrate of chloral in the most pernicious fashion. In point of fact the supposed advantage of such medical supervision is sometimes an unmixed evil; for while it does not, unfortunately, imply, in most cases, any better knowledge of insanity than a non-medical person has, it may imply a self-sufficiency which leads to an ignorant and reckless administration of injurious drugs. Some of the most mismanaged cases of insanity which we have met with have been in the houses of medical men; and on the whole we should say that insane patients in private houses are better taken care of in the houses of non-medical persons who cannot make a professional qualification an excuse to themselves or others for neglect of them. Given, however, the conscientious and competent physician, and we agree with what Dr. Wynter has said.

Dr. Wynter's first chapter is on the "Borderland of Insanity," and it will no doubt be highly interesting to the general reader, for it presents some curious and novel information in a pleasant style. His second chapter, on "Non

Restraint in the Treatment of the Insane," contains ant instructive account of the development and progress of this great reform, and an earnest protest against the complacent doctrine that we have reached a point at which we can afford to "rest and be thankful." Dr. Wynter thinks our present monstrous asylums to be little better than monstrous iniquities. Other chapters treat of the training of imbecile children, of the eccentricities of the mentally affected, of brain enigmas, of hallucinations and dreams, and of the suicidal act. The matter in these chapters will be familiar enough to our readers, but we have no doubt that the public will appreciate it, and that Dr. Wynter's volume will be favourably received.

PART III-PSYCHOLOGICAL RETROSPECT.

The Editors regret that, on account of the great pressure on their space, they are compelled to defer the Retrospect until January.

PART IV.-NOTES AND NEWS.

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING OF THE MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION.

The Council met at the King's and Queen's College of Physicians, Dublin, at 10.30 a.m., on Wednesday, August 11th, Dr. Rogers, President of the Asssociation, in the chair.

THE MORNING MEETING

was held in the College Hall, at eleven a.m., and the Afternoon Meeting at Two p.m., on Wednesday, August 11th.

MEMBERS AND VISITORS PRESENT.

Dr. Rogers, President; Dr. Duncan, President-elect. Dr. Lalor, Dr. Maudsley, Dr. Hack Tuke, Dr. Paul, Dr. Clouston, Dr. Murray Lindsay, Dr. McKinstry, Dr. Garner, Dr. Day Lovell, Dr. Norton Manning, Dr. McDowall, Dr. Major, Dr. Courtenay, Dr. John Eustace, Dr. A. H. Corley, Dr. Marcus Eustace, Dr. T. Fitzpatrick, Dr. H. H. Stewart, Dr. Patton, Dr. Ashe, Dr. James Stewart (Bristol), Dr. Barry Delaney, Dr. Leeper, Dr. Lawless, Dr. Minchin, Dr. A. Stewart Merrick, Dr. Joseph Petit, Dr. Pim, Dr. N. B. Duncan, Dr. MacCabe, Dr. W. Rhys Williams.

Dr. ROGERS, the President, took the chair.

The minutes of the last meeting having been read and confirmed,

The PRESIDENT said that in resigning the Chair he now occupied to his successor, he had, in the first place, to thank the Members of the Association very heartily for the distinguished honour they had conferred on him by electing him to that post, and next for the great kindness and consideration which they had evinced towards him. In making way for his worthy successor he had to express his pleasure at being succeeded by one who so worthily represented the profession as the President of the College of Physicians of Ireland, and who would,

no doubt, equally well represent that Association and reflect equal lustre upon it (applause).

Dr. ROGERS then vacated the chair, which was taken by

Dr. DUNCAN, who said he felt very much obliged for the honour they had been good enough to confer upon him last year in his absence, by electing him to that high position. He should not now trouble them with any observations, as he should take up a considerable portion of their time in the afternoon. He would, however, read a letter which he had received on the previous day from Dr. Harrington Tuke, and which the writer wished to be inserted in the minutes. The President then read a letter from Dr. Harrington Tuke, expressing his great regret at not being able to be present in Dublin. Dr. Tuke had many family associations connecting him with Ireland and the Irish, and he had much hoped to have been able to have joined in a meeting that promised to be so successful under Dr. Duncan's presidency.

Dr. RHYS WILLIAMS (the General Secretary) said the next business was to decide on the place of meeting for the next year. The general rule was that when a meeting had been held in the provinces, the next meeting was held in London, and according to that rule London would be the place for their next annual meeting.

Dr. H. STEWART moved, and Dr. J. MURRAY LINDSAY seconded, a resolution to the effect that the next meeting of the Association be held in London. The motion was adopted.

ELECTION OF OFFICERS.

Dr. CLOUSTON said-I have great pleasure in proposing as the President-elect a gentleman-an English County Asylum Superintendent-who is well known to all of us on the other side of the water. He was, to begin with, a very distinguished graduate of the London University, which, as you are all aware, implies very high medical qualifications. He was then appointed to the Warwick County Asylum, and for twenty-five years has been the honoured Physician Superintendent of that Asylum. During all that time he has conducted its affairs to the satisfaction of his own committee and to the satisfaction of the profession, and especially of the members of this Association. We now begin to look upon him as a father in this department of the profession. He is taken up largely with his medical and administrative duties, but he has not neglected this Association or its meetings, of which he has been a constant attendant. I think Dr. Parsey-for that is the gentleman I have the honour to propose -will commend himself to the judgment of all the members present as a fitting President of the Medico-Psychological Association (hear, hear). He has been so typical, so characteristic an English Asylum Superintendent, that during the whole long course of his administration in Warwick Asylum he has never been before the profession in any unfavourable light whatever. I think he will do honour to this Association, and his period of service now drawing as it were to a close, I think it becomes us to show him this honour before his probable retirement at no very distant date. I have, therefore, the honour to propose that Dr. Parsey, of the Warwick County Asylum, be appointed our President-elect (applause).

Dr. H. STEWART, as one of the oldest members of that Association, had great pleasure in seconding the nomination of Dr. Parsey.

Dr. LINDSAY said he had come prepared to propose another candidate, but the discussion which had taken place at the meeting of the Council had convinced him of the desirability of not submitting the name of that gentleman for their consideration on the present occasion. He therefore withdrew the name of Dr. Browne, whom he had intended to propose, in favour of the very excellent gentleman proposed by Dr. Clouston, so that the vote might be unanimous, and therefore enhance the value of the compliment to Dr. Parsey (applause).

Dr. LALOR thought it was due to Dr. Lindsay to express to him the feeling which

had already been expressed in Conncil, of thanks for the very handsome manner in which he had acted on that occasion. It was the feeling of the Council, and he doubted not it would be the feeling of that meeting, that the greatest credit was due to him as the friend of Dr. Crichton Browne, for the liberal spirit which he had displayed; and he had no doubt his action in withdrawing Dr. Browne's name would give that gentleman an additional claim on the Association for election on the next suitable occasion (hear, hear).

The motion for the election of Dr. Parsey was then put and carried unanimously.

Dr. COURTENAY, Limerick, then proposed that Dr. Rhys Williams be re-elected as Hon. General Secretary.

Dr. LALOR had great pleasure in seconding the motion. He had the honor of voting for him at his first election, and after a trial of him he was anxious to retain his valuable services as their General Secretary.

The motion was put and carried unanimously.

Dr. ROGERS proposed, and Dr. D. Hack Tuke seconded, the re-election of Dr. MacCabe as Honorary Secretary for Ireland. Motion adopted.

On the motion of Dr. ASHE, seconded by Dr. STEWART, Dr. F. Skae was reelected Honorary Secretary for Scotland.

Dr. LINDSAY begged to propose the re-election of Dr. Paul as Treasurer of the Association. Dr. Paul's merits were too well known to them all to render it necessary that he should say anything in support of this proposal.

Dr. MCKINSTRY seconded the motion, which was unanimously adopted.

The SECRETARY said the next business was the election of Editors of the " "Journal of Mental Science."

Dr. STEWART had great pleasure in moving that the present Editors of their valuable Journal, Dr. Maudsley and Dr. Clouston, be re-elected.

Dr. HACK TUKE seconded the motion, which was carried unanimously.

On the motion of Dr. ROGERS, seconded by Dr. MACCABE, Dr. Harrington Tuke was appointed as one of the Auditors of the Association.

Dr. LINDSAY proposed, and Dr. MAJOR Seconded, the election of Dr. Courtenay, of Limerick, as one of the members of the Council.

After a brief conversation, the SECRETARY announced the names of the following gentlemen as having been proposed as members of the Council, viz.:Drs. Yellowlees, Rayner, Garner, Courtenay, and Ashe.

Dr. LALOR Suggested that the two English gentlemen, Drs. Yellowlees and Rayner, be elected unanimously, and that they should ballot only for the two Irish members of Council. The suggestion, however, was not adopted, and a ballot was taken for the four members. Drs. Eustace and MacCabe were appointed scrutineers, and announced the result to be the election of Drs. Yellowlees, Rayner, Garner, and Courtenay.

VOTE OF SYMPATHY TO DR. R. STEWART'S FAMILY.

Dr. LALOR said he felt highly honoured at being afforded the opportunity of proposing a resolution to the Association expressive of the unanimous feeling, he thought of all its members-he was sure of those present, and he thought he could speak for those absent too-of deep regret which they entertained at the loss of their late lamented member, Dr. Robert Stewart, the senior member of the Association in Ireland. He regretted that he had not had more time to prepare the resolution which he was about to submit to the meeting. He felt no regret, however, at not having a longer time to prepare any remarks, because he thought occasions of this sort were very often best met by some very brief observations, and especially was that the case in respect to the late Dr. Robert Stewart, whose deep interest in that Association, and whose unpaid, valuable, and painstaking services had been so long the object of favourable remark by all the members of the Association. He should, therefore, content himself with moving the following resolution :-"That the expression of the deep sympathy of the Medico-Psychological Association be conveyed by the General Secretary to the family of the late Dr. Robert Stewart, whose death since the last meeting