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must be left to conjecture. It is only certain that it must have been carefully studied, and that the pictorial effect must have been appalling.

12. The women, whose firmness had hitherto borne the trial, began now to give way, spasmodic sobs bursting from them which they could not check. 'Do not weep,' she said; 'I have made a promise for you.' Struggling bravely, they crossed their breasts again and again, she crossing them in turn, and bidding them pray for her. 13. Then she knelt on the cushion. Barbara Mowbray bound her eyes with a handkerchief. 'Adieu,' she said, smiling for the last time, and waving her hand to them, 'Adieu, au revoir.' They stepped back from off the scaffold, and left her alone. On her knees she repeated the psalm, 'In te, Domine, confido' ('In thee, O Lord, do I put my trust').

When the psalm was finished she felt for the block, and laying down her head, muttered: In manus, Domine, tuas, commendo animam meam' ('Into thy hands, O Lord, I commit my spirit '). The executioner then did his ghastly work, and thus perished the hapless Mary, Queen of Scots.

Adapted from Froude.

EXERCISES.-1. Write a SUMMARY of sections 5 to 11 inclusive. 2. Write a short paper called 'Before the Execution' from your own summary.

3. Explain the following sentences and phrases, and give a synonym for the single word: (1) A commission under the Great Seal. (2) The fears he had entertained. (3) Her false hair was arranged studiously. (4) As if coming to take a part in some solemn pageant. (5) She ascended the scaffold with absolute composure. (6) Perquisite. (7) The pictorial effect must have been appalling.

4. Parse the words in the following sentence: 'It is only certain that it must have been carefully studied, and that the pictorial effect must have been appalling.'

5. Analyse the following sentence:

Let those who are in favour with their stars,
Of public honour and proud titles boast;
Whilst I, whom fortune of such triumphs bars,
Unlooked-for joy in that I honour most.

6. Write in columns all the words you know connected with the following English words: Tell1; knock2; out3; door; fall; fear; go; wit5; run; can; sit.

7. Write in columns all the derivatives you know from the following Latin words: Forma, a form; committo, I commit (root commit, stem commiss); studium (root stud), study; moveo, I move (root mov, stem mot), combine with con, pro, re.

8. Make sentences containing the following words: Right and rite; road, rode, and rowed.

9. Make sentences containing the following phrases: To usher in; to lead off; to take the lead; and to set on foot.

1 Tale, teller, etc. 2 Knuckle, etc.

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Utter, etc.

LAMENT OF MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS, ON THE APPROACH OF SPRING.

Phoebus (or Phœbus Apollo), the name among the Greeks and Romans for the god of the

sun.

prisonment. From Lat. duro,
I last. Cognates: During,
duration, durable; endure,
endurance.

Durance, literally continuance.
Here, and in the phrase
durance vile, it means im-
1. Now Nature hangs her mantle green

Thrall, for thraldom, a state of
bondage.

Hind, serving-man on a farm.

On every blooming tree,

And spreads her sheets of daisies white
Out o'er the grassy lea:

Now Phoebus cheers the crystal streams,
And glads the azure skies;

But nought can glad the weary wight
Who fast in durance lies.

2. Now larks awake the merry morn,
Aloft on dewy wing;

The merle, in his noontide bower,
Makes woodland echoes ring;
The mavis mild with many a note,
Sings drowsy day to rest:

In love and freedom they rejoice,
With care nor thrall oppressed.

3. Now blooms the lily by the bank,
The primrose down the brae ;1
The hawthorn's budding in the glen,
And milk-white is the slae ; 2
The meanest hind in fair Scotland
May rove their sweets among;
But I, the Queen of all Scotland,
Must lie in prison strong.

4. I was the Queen of bonnie France,
Where happy I have been ;

Full lightly rose I in the morn,
As blithe lay down at e'en :
And I'm the sovereign of Scotland,
And many a traitor there;
Yet here I lie in foreign bands,
And never-ending care.

5. My son! my son ! may kinder stars
Upon thy fortune shine;

And may those pleasures gild thy reign,
That ne'er would blink on mine!
God keep thee from thy mother's foes,
Or turn their hearts to thee:

And where thou meet'st thy mother's friend,
Remember him for me!

1 A grassy slope.

2 The sloe-thorn.

6. Oh! soon, to me, may summer suns
No more light up the morn!

No more, to me, the autumn winds
Wave o'er the yellow corn!

And in the narrow house of death
Let winter round me rave;

And the next flowers that deck the spring
Bloom on my peaceful grave!

Adapted from Robert Burns (1759–1796).

EXERCISES.-1. Write a short paper on 'A Queen in Prison,' containing the ideas of the poem.

2. Paraphrase verses 3 and 4.

3. Parse the last four lines of the poem. 4. Analyse the last four lines of verse 5.

GREAT CITIES.

VIENNA.

Conglomerate, composed of differ-
ent elements gathered into
one (ball). From Lat. con,
together, and glomus (glomer-
is), a ball. Cognate : Con-
glomeration.
Tortuous, twisted. From Lat.

torqueo (tort-um), I twist. Cognates: Torment; torture. Core, heart. From Lat. cor (cord

is), the heart. Cognates: Cordial, cordiality. Glacis, gentle slope. From O. Fr. glacier, to slide; from Lat. glacies, ice. Cognates: Gla

cier, glacial. Mussulman, another name for Mohammedan. (It is from

an Arabic word Moslem, sub

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missive, with a Persian suffix, Promenade, place for walking.

From Fr. (se) promener, to walk; from Lat. promino, I lead forth. Primeval, original, or of early

times. From Lat. primum, first, and ævum, an age. Cognate Coeval (of the same age). Pilaster, a square pillar or column set within a wall. From Fr. pilastre; from Low Lat. pilastrum, a pillar. Niche, a recess in a wall for a statue. From It. nicchia, a shell-like recess, nicchio, a shell; from Lat. mytilus,

a sea-mussel.

Clientèle, a number of clients. From Lat. cliens, a dependent on a patrōnus, or patron.

Polytechnic, relating to many arts.
From Gr. polys, many, and
techne, an art. Cognates:
Technical, technicality.
Congress, a conference or meeting

for discussing important state
business. From Lat. con,
together, and gradior (gress-
us), I walk. Cognates: Ag-
gressive, aggression; digress,
digression.
Epochal, making an epoch, or
remarkable point of time.
From Gr. epoche, a stop.
Banned, kept out by proclama-
tion. From O. Ger. ban, a pro-
clamation. Cognates: Ban,
banns (of marriage); abandon
(from O. Fr. bandon), a com-
mand.

1. VIENNA is the capital of that conglomerate of kingdoms, duchies, grand-duchies, and other states which goes by the name of the Austrian Empire. More lately, it is known as Austria-Hungary; for the Hungarians compelled the Austrian government to grant them independence, and the Emperor of Austria was obliged to go to Pesth, and to be crowned there in the national fashion as King of Hungary. The city stands on a plain, which is surrounded by gently-sloping hills. It is called by the inhabitants, who are Germans, Wien (Veen), from a dirty little brook which flows through it into an arm of the mighty Danube. 2. Vienna consists of two parts-the Old City and the New City. The Old City, or Inner Town, consists of narrow, tortuous, but well-paved streets and high houses, and it is the very core of the whole. The Outer Town contains thirty-six suburbs, which have been built in quite modern times. Between the Old Town and the suburbs

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