Y, at the beginning of words and syllables is a consonant, and in other situations a vowel, having the sound of i, and subject to the changes of this letter, being sometimes long, as in defy, and sometimes short, as in glory. Y is an old English particle prefixed to participles from the Anglo-Saxon ge, as y-cleped. Yao'că-wood, s. An ornamental wood of Jamaica. Yacht, (yot s. A small ship or vessel of pleasure; -s. Yachter (yot'er).

Ya'ger, s. (Ger.) A light infantry man.
Ya'hoo, s. A savage or barbarian.

Yak, s. In Zool. the grunting ox of Tartary.
Yam, s. A large esculent root of tropical climates.
Yam'boo, s. A plant which produces fruit like
a plum.

Yan'kee, (yang ke) s. A cant term for an inhab itant of New England, and by some applied to the inhabitants of the United States indiscriminately. -Yankeeism, a Yankee idiom, custom, or character.

Yap, v.n. To bark; to yelp; to yaup.
Yap'on, s. The cassine, or South-Sea tea.

Yar age, s. Furniture; equipage; tackling. Yard, s. A small piece of enclosed ground: an enclosure for any business, as a brick-yard, a navy-yard, &c.; a measure of 3 feet; a pole or stick for measuring a yard; a wand: -in Naut. a beam or long piece of timber suspended upon the masts of a ship, to extend the sails to the wind.Yard-arm, in Naut. one half of the yard supporting a sail.-Yardland, a quantity of land, varying from 15 to 40 acres.-Yard-man, a manager in a builder's work-yard.-Yard-wand, a measure of a yard. +Yare, a. Ready; dexterous; nimble.

Yarn, s. Spun wool or cotton; one of the threads
of which a rope is composed.
Yärr, v.n. To growl or snarl like a dog.
Yar'rish, a. Having a rough dry taste. (Local.)
Yar'row, s. A perennial plant; millefoil.
Yär'whelp, or Yär'wip, s. A bird.

Yat'ǎ-ghan, s. (Turk.) A sort of short sword.
Yate, s. A gate. (Local.)

Yaulp, v.. To yelp; to cry out like a child.
Yaup, s. (Sc.) The cry of a child or bird;-v.n.
To yelp; to cry;-s. Yauper.

Yaw, s. In Naut. a temporary deviation of a ship or vessel from the direct line of the course; -v.n. To steer out of the line of the course.

Yawl, s. In Naut. a kind of narrow boat, usually rowed with four or six oars;-v.n. To cry out; to yell.

Yawn, v.. To gape to oscitate; to open wide; to express desire by yawning;-s. Act of yawning; oscitation; gape :-. Yawned. Yawn'ing, s. Act of gaping;-a. Sleepy;-ad. Yawningly.

Yaws, s.pl. In Med. a disease of the West Indies and Africa, which resembles syphilis. y-clad (e-klad) pp. Clothed.

ty-cleped' (e-klept') pp. Called; termed ; named.

ty-drad′ (ě-drăď”) pp. Dreaded. Yē, pron. nom. pl. of Thou. Yea, (yā or yê) ad. Yes; a particle of affirmation;-s. An affirmative vote. Yeas and nays, a list of the members of a legislative body voting in the affirmative and negative of a proposition. [pp. Yeaned. Yean, v.n. To bring forth young; to lamb ;Yean'ling, s. A creature lately yeaned; the young of sheep; a lamb.

Year, (yer) s. A period of time, determined by the revolution of the earth in its orbit, and embracing the four seasons. - Astronomical year, is determined by astronomical observations.-Civil year, is the year of the calendar, i.e. 12 months, or 365 days in common years, and 366 in leap years, beginning with the 1st of January.

Year-book, yër bûk) s. A book of law reports. Year'ling, s. An animal a year old. Yearly, a. Annual; happening every year; lasting a year;-ad. Once a year. Yearn, (yern) v.n. To feel internal uneasiness from longing, tenderness, or pity; to sympathize strongly-v.a. To grieve;-a. Yearnful-s. Yearning.

Yeast, (yest) s. Barm used for leavening bread : froth foam: spume-a. Yeasty. Yelk, s. The yellow part of an egg; generally written yolk.

Yell, v.n. To cry out with horror and agony ;v.a. To utter with a yell;-s. A hideous outcry; a cry of horror-p.a. Yelling. Yellow, (yel-lo) a. Being of a bright, gold-like colours. The colour of gold; a golden hue;

v.a. To render yellow. -Yellow-breasted, having a yellow breast.-Yellow-fever, in Path. a bilious, remittent, malignant fever.Yellow-golds, a flower.-Yellow-hammer, a bird of yellow colour.-Yellow-leaved, having yellow leaves. — Yellow-rattle, an annual plant. -Yellow-root, a perennial plant of Canada.-Yellow-succory, a perennial plant. Yellow-top, a species of grass.-Yellow-weed, an annual plant.-Yellow-wood, an American tree.-Yellow-wort, a plant,

Yel'low-ing, s. In the Arts, a term for cleaning pins by boiling them in sour beer. Yel'low-ish, a. Approaching to yellow; - s. Yellowishness. [ousy. Yellow-ness, s. Quality of being yellow; jealYel'lows, (yel lõz) s.pl. A disease in horses; a

chronic inflammation. [preys. Yelping. Yelp, v.n. To bark, as a beagle-hound after his Ye'nite, s. In Min, a ferruginous silicate of lime. Yeo'man, (yo'man) s. A man of a small estate in land; a gentleman farmer; an officer in the Queen's household; a title of certain inferior military attendants called yeomen of the guard; -in Naut. a seaman appointed to certain duties, as to attend to the store-rooms ;-2. Yeomanlike.

negro.

phur, arsenic, and other volatile matters have been expelled by calcination. [borax. Za'lă, s. In the Arts, a term synonymous with Zam'bō, s. The offspring of an Indian and a [species; a kind of palm. Zā ́mi-ă, s. In Bot. a genus of trees of various Za'mite, s. In Geol. a fossil zamia. Ză-nō'ni-ă, s. In Bot, a tree of Malabar. Zā'ný, s. (It.) One employed to raise laughter by his gestures, actions, and speeches; a merry-andrew.-s. Zanyism.

Zaph'ǎ-ră, (zaf-) s. In Min. a mineral used by potters to make a sky-colour. Zap'ote, s. In Mexico, the general name of fruits which are roundish, and contain a hard stone. Zar'ǎ-than, s. In Med. a hard tumour of the breast resembling a cancer.

Zärʼnieh, s. A genus of fossils that burns with a whitish flame, and smells like garlic. Zax, (zaks) s. In Arch. a tool for cutting slates. Za'yat, s. A Burman caravansary or inn. Ze'a, s. In Bot. a genus of plants; the botanical name of maize or Indian corn. Zeal, (zēl) s. Passionate ardour in some pursuit, or in support of some person or cause; earnestness; warmth; fervency; ardour; enthusiasm-v.n. To entertain zeal.

Zeal'ot, s. (Fr.) One affected or carried away by zeal; an enthusiast; one over-zealous; generally used in dispraise ;-ta. Zealotical;s. Zealotism, Zealotry (R.) Zeal'oùs, (zellus) a. Passionate in any cause; having zeal; ardent; fervent; warm; enthusiastic-ad. Zealously-s. Zealousness. Zebră, s. (Lat.) In Zool. an African animal resembling an ass, but beautifully striped. Ze'brǎ-wood, s. A beautiful cabinet-wood obtained from Demerara.

Ze bú, s. (Fr.) A small East-Indian bison, with a hump on its shoulders. [found in Abyssinia. Zebub, s. A very noxious and destructive fly, Ze chin, (zë kin) s. (Fr.) A gold coin worth about nine shillings sterling. See Sequin. Zeeh'stein, s. (Ger.) In Min. a magnesian limestone, lying under the red sandstone. Zed'ō-ǎ-rý, (zeď ō-ă-re) s. (Fr.) A spicy plant or medicinal root, growing in the East Indies. Zeine, s. A yellow substance, resembling gluten, obtained from maize.

Zei'tung, s. (Ger.) A newspaper or gazette. Zem-in-där', s. In India, a land-owner; a proprietor; one who holds a tract of land under the government. [of a zemindar. Zem'in-dar-y, s. The jurisdiction or possession Zend, s. The language of the ancient Magi and fire-worshippers of Persia.

Zend'ǎ-ves-tà, s. The sacred book, or books, of the Guebers or fire-worshippers in Persia, and the Parsees in India; ascribed to Zoroaster. Zenith, or Zen'ith, s. (Arab.) The top of the heaven or vertical point; the point directly overhead, and opposite to the nadir. Ze'o-lite, s. The name of a family of minerals, consisting of silica, alumina, lime, and water; natrolite-a. Zeolitic, Zeolitiform. Zephyr, (zefer) s. (Lat.) The west wind; any mild, soft wind. [large ears. Zer dă, s. A canine quadruped of Africa, with Ze'rō, s. (Fr.) In Meteor. the arithmetical cipher; the point at which the graduation of the ther

mometer commences.-The Zero of Réaumur's and of the centigrade thermometers is the freezing point of water: that of Fahrenheit's thermometer, 320 below the freezing point. Zest, s. A taste added for relish or piquancy; a piece of orange or lemon peel used to give flavour to liquor;-v.a. To give a relish or flavour to. (R.)

Zē'tă, s. A Greek letter; a dining-room. Zě-tet'ic, a. Proceeding by inquiry;-s. A seeker ; a term applied to the ancient Pyrrhonists. Zě-tet'ics, s.pl. A part of algebra, which consists in the direct search after unknown quantities. (R.) [whale. Zeug'lo-don, s. In Geol. an extinct species of Zeug'mă, (zùg'mă) s. A figure of rhetoric. Zeux'ite, s. A greenish brown mineral. Zi-be'thum, s. Civet, a kind of perfume. Zib'et, s. A carnivorous animal allied to the civet.

Zigzag, s. A line with sharp angles-a. Having sharp and quick turns;-v.a. To form into sharp turns-a. Zigzagged (zigzagd). Zim'ent-wâ'ter, s. Copper water. Zi'mōme, s. In Chem. that part of the gluten of wheat which is insoluble in alcohol.

Zinc, (sink) s. A metal of a bluish white colour, brittle when cold, but malleable when heated; much used in the manufacture of brass and other alloys-in commerce, it is called spelter;-a. Zinciferous, Zincky.

[tery.

Zin'cite, s. A name for red zinc-iron.
Zinck'ě, s. A small whistle or hornpipe.
Zin'cöde, s. The positive pole of a galvanic bat-
Zin-cog'ră-phy, s. The art of engraving on zinc.

-a. Zincograph'ic, Zincograph'ical;-s. ZinZin'cous, a. Pertaining to zinc. [cog'rapher. Zin-ge-ber-a ́ce-æ, s.pl. A natural order of plants. Zink'en-ite, s. A mineral containing antimony. Zi'on, s. A mount in Jerusalem; used figuratively for the church.

Zir'con, s. A mineral composed chiefly of zirconia and silicia, found in Ceylon-s. Zirconite. [from zircon and hyacinth. Zir-co ́ni-ă, s. In Min. a rare earth extracted Zir-co'ni-um, s. In Chem, the metallic base of Zis'el, s. A species of marmot. [zirconia. Ziv′õ-lă, s. Á bird resembling the yellow-ham

mer.

Zi-zâ'ni-ă, s.pl. A genus of plants; darnel. Zō-an-thō'ri-å, s.pl. In Bot. & Zool. a class of zoophites; animal flowers. Zo-an'thus, s. A sort of polypus. Zo-är'ehi-dæ, s.pl. A family of the Acanthopterygeous fishes.

Zō'di-ac, s. (Gr.) In Astron. an imaginary zone or belt in the heavens, extending about eight or nine degrees on each side of the ecliptic.It is divided into twelve equal parts, called signs; a girdle.

Zo-di'ă-cal, a. Relating to the zodiac.-Zodiacal light, a faint nebulous brightness which accompanies the sun immediately before sunrise or after sunset.

Zo'fră, s. A kind of Moorish floor-cloth or carpet. Zö här, s. (Heb.) A Jewish book, highly esteemed

by the rabbis. [eases of the lower animals. Zoi-a'tre-ă, s. In Path. the treatment of the disZo-il ́é-an, a. Relating to Zoilus, a severe critic on Homer; illiberal; unjustly severe.