The paper mills of the United States, all taken together, receive much more pulp from affiliated domestic pulp mills than from unaffiliated, but for the mills reporting to the Tariff Commission the receipts from the two sources have been approximately equal throughout the last three years. Table 30 shows that receipts from unaffil

CHART I

WOOD PULP: RECEIPTS OF PULP BY PAPER MILLS
REPORTING TO THE UNITED STATES TARIFF
COMMISSION - PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL RECEIVED FROM
SPECIFIED SOURCES, BY QUARTERS

iated domestic pulp mills declined, in relation to the total receipts of domestic and foreign pulp, during the second half of 1930, rose again during the first half of 1931, and, in conformity with the increasing proportion of foreign stock used, declined rather sharply in the third quarter of 1931 and declined somewhat further in the fourth quarter.

TABLE 30.-Receipts of pulp by paper mills reporting to the Tariff Commission— percentage of total received from specified sources, by quarters

SUMMARY COMPARISON OF PRODUCTION, SHIPMENTS, RECEIPTS OF PAPER MILLS, IMPORTS, AND CONTRACTS FOR IMPORTED PULP

The preceding tables have presented a number of separate tabulations and comparisons relating to the production and shipments by pulp mills reporting to the Tariff Commission, the receipts of pulp by paper mills reporting to the commission, the imports and the contracts made by European importers. For convenience the relative numbers representing these various series of statistics, based on the monthly average of 1930 taken as 100, are presented by quarters in Table 31 and are illustrated by Chart J. In considering the relatives for the last two quarters, since depreciation of the currency in foreign countries set in, the fact that the data in certain columns are much affected by seasonal causes should be borne in mind, and trends apparent before the period of depreciation should also be noted.

CHART J

WOOD PULP: SUMMARY COMPARISON OF PRODUCTION AND SHIPMENTS OF
PULP MILLS, RECEIPTS OF PAPER MILLS, IMPORTS, AND CONTRACTS
FOR EUROPEAN PULP, BY QUARTERS
RELATIVE TO 1930-100

IMPORTS OF PULP AND CONTRACTS FOR EUROPEAN PULP, BY KINDS

IMPORTS OF PRINCIPAL KINDS OF PULP FROM PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

In preceding tables there has been brought out the relation between the imports and the domestic production and consumption of wood pulp of all kinds combined and of the two major classes, chemical and mechanical. The following group of tables relates to the principal individual kinds of pulp. Unbleached sulphite, bleached sulphite, unbleached sulphate, and unbleached ground wood are important both in domestic production and in imports, and in addition there is a considerable domestic production but very little importation of soda pulp.

Although the several kinds of pulp differ somewhat in their uses and are not strictly interchangeable, there is such a degree of interchangeability among them that the production of the several kinds can not be considered as separate industries, for each of which the competition between the domestic and the foreign product should be considered as a separate problem. In other words, there would be little significance in comparing for a given kind of pulp, such as unbleached. sulphite, the changes in domestic production or in the purchases of paper mills from domestic pulp mills with the imports, the contracts for imported pulp, or the receipts of foreign pulp by the paper mills. The details regarding the several kinds of pulp are therefore presented in tables dealing with imports, production, and receipts of paper mills. The monthly figures of imports of the several kinds of wood pulp are shown in Charts K to N and in tables in the appendix.

Table 32 shows by quarters beginning with 1930 the imports of the four principal kinds of wood pulp from the principal individual countries. The most important class in respect to quantity of imports is unbleached sulphite, of which Sweden is by far the largest supplier, followed by Canada and Finland. The imports show very marked variations, especially in the receipts from the two European countries named. A conspicuous peak appeared in the last quarter of 1930 and again in the last quarter of 1931, and a very marked decline (brought out in Table 103 in the appendix) occurred in March, 1932. The imports of bleached sulphite have been much less variable; these come chiefly from Canada. Unbleached sulphate, which ranks next to unbleached sulphite in total tonnage, and which also comes chiefly from European countries, shows, on the other hand, very marked variations, with a peak in the latter part of 1930 and a still higher peak in the latter part of 1931 and in January and February, 1932. Because of the large imports both from Sweden and Finland, the highest total was in November, 1931. The decline in March, 1932, was similar to that in unbleached sulphite. The imports of unbleached ground wood, the great bulk of which comes from Canada, with much smaller quantities from Finland, show a generally declining trend during 1931 and 1932 though there was an increase apparently chiefly due to seasonal causes, in the fourth quarter of 1931 as compared with the third quarter.