Socialist Republics and the United Kingdom, acting on behalf of all the United Nations at war with Bulgaria, on the one hand, and representatives of the Government of Bulgaria, Mr. P. Stainov, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. D. Terpeshev, Minister without Portfolio, Mr. N. Petkov, Minister without Portfolio, and Mr. P. Stoyanov, Minister of Finance, furnished with due powers, on the other hand, have signed the following terms:

1. (a) Bulgaria, having ceased hostilities with the U. S. S. R. on September 9, and severed relations with Germany on September 6 and with Hungary on September 26, has ceased hostilities against all the other United Nations.

(b) The Government of Bulgaria undertakes to disarm the German armed forces in Bulgaria and to hand them over as prisoners of war. The Government of Bulgaria also undertakes to intern nationals of Germany and her satellites.

(c) The Government of Bulgaria undertakes to maintain and make available such land, sea and air forces as may be specified for service under the general direction of the Allied (Soviet) High Command. Such forces must not be used on Allied territory except with the prior consent of the Allied Government concerned.

(d) On the conclusion of hostilities against Germany, the Bulgarian armed forces must be demobilized and put on a peace footing under the supervision of the Allied Control Commission.

2. Bulgarian armed forces and officials must be withdrawn within the specified time limit from the territory of Greece and Yugoslavia in accordance with the pre-condition accepted by the Government of Bulgaria on October 11; the Bulgarian authorities must immediately take steps to withdraw from Greek and Yugoslav territory Bulgarians who were citizens of Bulgaria on January 1, 1941, and to repeal all legislative and administrative provisions relating to the annexation or incorporation in Bulgaria of Greek or Yugoslav territory.

3. The Government of Bulgaria will afford to Soviet and other Allied forces freedom of movement over Bulgarian territory in any direction, if in the opinion of the Allied (Soviet) High Command the military situation so requires, the Government of Bulgaria giving to such movements every assistance with its own means of communication, and at its own expense, by land, water and in the air. 4. The Government of Bulgaria will immediately release all Allied prisoners of war and internees. Pending further instructions the Government of Bulgaria will at its own expense provide all Allied prisoners of war and internees, displaced persons and refugees, including nationals of Greece and Yugoslavia, with adequate food, clothing, medical services and sanitary and hygienic requirements, and also with means of transportation for the return of any such persons to their own country.

5. The Government of Bulgaria will immediately release, regardless of citizenship or nationality, all persons held in detention in Bulgaria in connection with their activities in favor of the United Nations, or because of their sympathies with the United Nations' cause or for racial or religious reasons, and will repeal all discriminatory legislation and disabilities arising therefrom.

6. The Government of Bulgaria will cooperate in the apprehension and trial of persons accused of war crimes.

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7. The Government of Bulgaria undertakes to dissolve immediately all pro-Hitler or other Fascist political, military, para-military and other organizations on Bulgarian territory conducting propaganda hostile to the United Nations, and not to tolerate the existence of such organizations in future.

8. The publication, introduction and distribution in Bulgaria of periodical or non-periodical literature, the presentation of theatrical performances or films, the operation of wireless stations, post, telegraph and telephone services will take place in agreement with the Allied (Soviet) High Command.

9. The Government of Bulgaria will restore all property of the United Nations and their nationals, including Greek and Yugoslav property, and will make such reparation for loss and damage caused by the war to the United Nations, including Greece and Yugoslavia, as may be determined later.

10. The Government of Bulgaria will restore all rights and interests of the United Nations and their nationals in Bulgaria.

11. The Government of Bulgaria undertakes to return to the Soviet Union, to Greece and Yugoslavia, and to the other United Nations by the dates specified by the Allied Control Commission and in a good state of preservation, all valuables and materials removed during the war by Germany or Bulgaria from United Nations' territory and belonging to state, public or cooperative organizations, enterprises, institutions or individual citizens such as factory and works equipment, locomotives, rolling stock, tractors, motor vehicles, historic monuments, museum treasures and any other property.

12. The Government of Bulgaria undertakes to hand over as booty to the Allied (Soviet) High Command all war material of Germany and her satellites located on Bulgarian territory, including vessels of the fleets of Germany and her satellites located in Bulgarian waters.

13. The Government of Bulgaria undertakes not to permit the removal or expropriation of any form of property (including valuables and currency), belonging to Germany or Hungary or to their nationals or to persons resident in their territories or in territories occupied by them, without the permission of the Allied Control Commission. The Government of Bulgaria will safeguard such property in the manner specified by the Allied Control Commission.

14. The Government of Bulgaria undertakes to hand over to the Allied (Soviet) High Command all vessels belonging to the United Nations which are in Bulgarian ports, no matter at whose disposal these vessels may be, for the use of the Allied (Soviet) High Command during the war against Germany or Hungary in the common interest of the Allies, the vessels to be returned subsequently to their owners. The Government of Bulgaria will bear full material responsibility for any damage to or destruction of the aforesaid property up to the moment of its transfer to the Allied (Soviet) High Command.

15. The Government of Bulgaria must make regular payments in Bulgarian currency and must supply goods (fuel, foodstuffs, et cetera), facilities and services as may be required by the Allied (Soviet) High Command for the discharge of its functions.

16. Bulgarian merchant vessels, whether in Bulgarian or foreign waters, shall be subject to the operational control of the Allied (Soviet) High Command for use in the general interest of the Allies.

17. The Government of Bulgaria will arrange in case of need for the utilization in Bulgarian territory of industrial and transport enterprises, means of communication, power stations, public utility enterprises and installations, stocks of fuel and other materials in accordance with the instructions issued during the armistice by the Allied (Soviet) High Command.

18. For the whole period of the armistice there will be established in Bulgaria an Allied Control Commission which will regulate and supervise the execution of the armistice terms under the chairmanship of the representative of the Allied (Soviet) High Command, and with the participation of representatives of the United States and the United Kingdom.

During the period between the coming into force of the armistice. and the conclusion of hostilities against Germany the Allied Control Commission will be under the general direction of the Allied (Soviet) High Command.

19. The present terms will come into force on their signing.

Done at Moscow in quadruplicate, in the Russian, English and Bulgarian languages, the Russian and English texts being authentic. October 28, 1944.

Protocol to the Agreement Concerning an Armistice With Bulgaria

At the time of the signing of the Armistice Agreement with the Government of Bulgaria, the Allied Governments signatory thereto have agreed to the following:

1. In connexion with Article 9 it is understood that the Government of Bulgaria will immediately make available certain foodstuffs for the relief of the population of Greek and Yugoslav territories which have suffered as a result of Bulgarian aggression. The quantities of each product to be delivered will be determined by agreement between the three governments and will be considered as part of the reparation by Bulgaria for loss and damage sustained by Greece and Yugoslavia.

2. The term "war material" used in Article 12 shall be deemed to include all material or equipment belonging to, used by, or intended for use by enemy military or para-military formations or members thereof. 3. The use by the Allied (Soviet) High Command of Allied vessels handed over by the Government of Bulgaria in accordance with Article 14 of the armistice and the date of their return to their owners will be the subject of discussion and settlement between the Allied governments concerned and the Government of the Soviet Union.

4. It is understood that in the application of Article 15 the Allied (Soviet) High Command will also arrange for provision of Bulgarian currency, supplies, services, etcetera, to meet the needs of the representatives of the governments of the United States and United Kingdom in Bulgaria.

Done at Moscow in triplicate, in the Russian and English languages, both the Russian and English texts being authentic.

77. TREATY OF PEACE WITH BULGARIA, FEBRUARY 10, 1947 1

(Summary)

The Treaty of Peace with Bulgaria in general contains the same provisions as the Treaty with Rumania. The differences are noted as follows:

Article 1 establishes the frontiers as of January 1, 1941, which include Southern Dobruja transferred from Rumania in August 1940. No specific clauses relating to non-discrimination against the racial minorities or return of property were deemed necessary in the light of Bulgaria's record of non-persecution.

Article 9 sets the limits for Bulgarian Armed Forces at 55,000 for the Army, 1,800 for anti-aircraft artillery, 3,500 for the Navy, and 5,200 for the Air Force with a 7,250 tons limit for the Navy and 90 aircraft for the Air Force.

Article 12 prohibits the construction on the north side of the GrecoBulgarian frontier of permanent fortifications and military installations capable of being employed for firing into Greek territory.

Article 20 calls for complete withdrawal of all Allied forces and return of goods in their possession, no exceptions being necessary in this case.

Article 21-Reparation in the amount of $45,000,000 to Greece and $25,000,000 to Yugoslavia is provided, payable in kind from products of manufacturing and extractive industries and agriculture over a period of eight years, deliveries to be regulated by agreement with Greece and Yugoslavia. Valuation is to be made on basis of 1938 international market prices with a percentage increase.

Article 30 provides that Bulgaria should facilitate railway transit traffic through its territory and negotiate the necessary agreement for this purpose.

Anner VI omits the clauses relating to Prize Courts as inapplicable in this instance.

78. RENEWAL OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH BULGARIA2 Statement by Acting Secretary Lovett, October 1, 1947

Last week I was asked whether resumption of diplomatic relations between the United States and Bulgaria might be affected by recent developments in that country. A decision has now been reached in

the matter.

With the entry into force on September 15 of the Bulgarian peace treaty and the termination of the state of war between the United States and Bulgaria, the United States Government considers it desirable to accredit a diplomatic representative to supersede the United States Political Representative who has been stationed in Bulgaria during the armistice regime. The Honorable Maynard

1 S. Exec. F, G, H, I, 80th Cong., 1st sess., February 27, 28, 1947. See also texts of the President's letter of transmittal, report of the Secretary of State and summaries of texts of treaties with Italy, Bulgaria, Rumania, and Hungary, Department of State Bulletin of March 23 and June 1, 1947; full text of treaty of peace with Bulgaria, Department of State publication 2973, Treaties and Other International Acts Series 1650, also Treaties of Peace with Italy, Bulgaria, Hungary, and Finland, Department of State publication 2743, European Series 21. Treaty of peace with Bulgaria signed February 10, 1947, ratified by the United States on June 14, 1947; entered into force September 15, 1947.

2 Department of State Bulletin of October 12, 1947, p. 746.

B. Barnes served as U. S. Political Representative to Bulgaria from December 1944 until his return to this country last spring. In his absence Mr. John Evarts Horner has been Acting U. S. Political Representative in Bulgaria.

The President has appointed Mr. Donald R. Heath, of Topeka, Kansas, as American Minister to Bulgaria. Mr. Heath plans to depart for his new post in the very near future. The appointment of Mr. Heath and the establishment of an American Legation in Sofia is predicated on the intention of the United States to maintain its interest in the welfare of the Bulgarian people, to keep itself informed concerning developments in Bulgaria, and to continue its efforts to protect American interests in that country. The United States Government wishes to make it clear that this step does not reflect either approval or condonation of certain recent actions of the Bulgarian Government. The views of this Government on such matters have been fully set forth.

RUMANIA

79. ARMISTICE WITH RUMANIA, SEPTEMBER 12, 1944

Agreement Between the Governments of the United States, the Soviet Union, and the United Kingdom on the One Hand and the Government of Rumania on the Other Concerning an Armistice1

The Government and High Command of Rumania, recognizing the fact of the defeat of Rumania in the war against the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the United States of America, and the United Kingdom, and the other United Nations, accept the armistice terms presented by the Governments of the above-mentioned three Allied Powers, acting in the interests of all the United Nations.

On the basis of the foregoing the representative of the Allied (Soviet) High Command, Marshal of the Soviet Union, R. Ya. Malinovski, duly authorized thereto by the Governments of the United States of America, the Soviet Union, and the United Kingdom, acting in the interests of all the United Nations, on the one hand, and the representatives of the Government and High Command of Rumania, Minister of State and Minister of Justice L. Patrascanu, Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs, Adjutant of His Majesty the King of Rumania, General D. Damaceanu, Prince Stirbey, and Mr. G. Popp, on the other hand, holding proper full-powers, have signed the following conditions:

1. As from August 24, 1944, at 4 a. m., Rumania has entirely discontinued military operations against the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on all theatres of war, has withdrawn from the war against the United Nations, has broken off relations with Germany and her satellites, has entered the war and will wage war on the side of the Allied Powers against Germany and Hungary for the purpose of restoring Rumanian independence and sovereignty, for which purpose she provides not less than 12 infantry divisions with Corps Troops.

1 Department of State publication 2487, Executive agreement Series 490, pp. 1-6, 15. Agreement signed at Moscow September 12, 1944; effective September 12, 1944.