3. Struggle of Elizabeth with the Catholic Party: regulation of religious wor-
ship assumed to be a state function; statutes designed to punish the offense of
non-conformity to the state church; at first only an outward uniformity de-
manded, but freedom of public worship denied; Elizabeth put an end to burn-
ings for heresy; tolerant treatment of the inferior clergy; tendency of English
catholics to outward conformity checked by a papal brief in 1562; the counter-
blast, the act of 1563, the first of the series for the oppression of Roman
Catholics; contents of the act; moderation of the primate in its enforcement;
Horne tendered the oath to Bonner; legal status of the new bishops ques-
tioned in the queen's bench; controversy ended by an act passed in 1566.
The scheme for the deposition of Elizabeth to be carried out by the pope, Philip,
and the English catholics in favor of Mary Stuart; Mary's claim to the succes-
sion; forced to abdicate in favor of her son, James VI. of Scotland; a prisoner
in Elizabeth's hands; the threatened Spanish invasion in her behalf; failure of
the rising in the north which took place in November, 1569; bull of excom-
munication and deposition published in March, 1570; two statutes passed for
the queen's protection; the first to prohibit the publication of papal bulls; the
second to punish those who should claim the crown during the queen's life;
oppression of the Roman Catholic priesthood; the college at Douay; another
at Rome; fresh legislation against Roman Catholics in 1581; torture and con-
viction of the Jesuit, Campian; association formed for the protection of the
queen's life; an act legalizing the association passed in 1584; under that act
as amended was constituted the commission which, in 1586, condemned the
Queen of Scots; persecution of catholics continued; the act of 1593 increasing