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THE

THEBAID OF STATIUS.

BOOK THE FIRST.

THE ARGUMENT.

TEOCLES and Polynices having dethroned their

Father Oedipus King of Thebes, agree to reign alternately. Oedipus invokes the Fury Tifiphone to punish them; fhe fows Diffention between them. Eteocles is chofen by Lot to reign the first Year. An univerfal Difcontent prevails among the Thebans. Jupiter calls a Council of the Gods, and declares his Intention of punishing Thebes and Argos. He fends Mercury to call up the Ghost of Laius from the Shades. On Eteocles's refufing to give up the Sceptre at the Expiration of his Year, Polynices goes to Argos to folicit the Aid of Adraftus against him. He is overtaken by a heavy Storm, and being very much fatigued, yes down at Adraftus's Gate. Tydeus arrives at the fame place by chance. They quarrel and fight. Adraftus, alarmed at the Noife, comes out, reconciles, and entertains them very hofpitably. He relates the Origin of a Sacrifice which was then celebrating, and addresses a Prayer to Apollo, which concludes the Book.

THE

THEBAID OF STATIUS.

OF

BOOK THE FIRST.

guilty Thebes, to foreign Arms a Prey,
Fraternal Rage, and impious
Luft of Sway,
My daring Mufe wou'd fing, fo Phabus deign
To prompt the Bard, and harmonize the Strain.
Say, Goddefs, whence fhall I my Subject trace,
From Cadmus, Author of the vicious Race?

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Verfe 5. Say, Goddefs] STATIUS has been pretty feverely handled by fome ingenious Critics among the Moderns for this feeming Doubt where to commence his Narration. Tho' I cannot pretend to exculpate him entirely for running counter to the Rules laid down by Horace; yet I cannot but hope, he will appear lefs worthy of Cenfure than he has hitherto done, if we fuppofe, that the Poet judged the greatest Part of his Roman Readers ignorant of the Theban Hiftory (as undoubtedly they were) and yet it was neceffary, they fhould have fome previous Knowledge of it, in order to understand his Poem, and the Allufions, he frequently makes to the History and Customs of that Nation. But how were they to be acquainted with it? Was he to have directly collected the Heads of it, and declar'd his Intention? No: that would have been the greatest Affront he could have put upon them, which our Author was fufficiently aware of. Let us admire then the Art and Dexterity of the Poet, who has extricated himself from the Embaraffments he lay under by this polite and ingenious Device. If he has offended, it is a glorious Offence, or (to ufe the Words of Mr. Poje) a Grace fnatch'd beyond the Rules of Art.

v. 6. From Cadmus] Cadmus was the Son of Agenor: this obftinate Prince infifted on his travelling in queft of his Sifter Europa, who had been carried off by Jupiter in the Form of a Bull. The Hero comply'd, but not finding his Sifter, fettled near Thebes.

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Shall I describe him on the raging Sea,

Obfequious to the Monarch's ftern Decree?

Then tell, from whence th' aspiring Nation rose,
And to what Source proud Thebes its Grandeur owes, 10
How foften'd Rocks (fo will'd resistless Fate)

Danc'd into Form, to grace a future State?

What fatal Caufes could fo far incenfe

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The Queen of Heav'n, and what the dire Offence,
When Athamas, by Wrath divine purfu'd,
His trembling Hands in filial Blood imbru'd,
And his pale Spouse, to fhun his angry Bow,
Sprung from the Beach, and fought the Depths below?
Wave then, whate'er to Cadmus may belong,
O Mufe, and date the Subject of thy Song,
From wretched Oedipus;
; nor yet afpire
In Cafar's Praife to ftring thy feeble Lyre,
Or tell, how twice he bade the Rhine obey,
How twice the Danube roll'd beneath his Sway:
(While Dacia, daring impious War to wage,
Fell the juft Object of the Victor's Rage)
Or how, in youthful Armour clad, he strove
To vindicate the facred Rights of Jove.
Nor thou, commiffion'd in the Rolls of Fate,
To fwell the Glories of the Latian State,

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v. 11. How often'] The Poets feign, Amphion play'd fo fweetly upon the Lyre, that the Stones and Rocks danc'd into Walls and built the City afterwards call'd Thebes.

v. 15. When Athamas] He was the Father of Palemon, and Husband of Inc: but being feized with Lunacy thro' the Malice of June, purfu'd his Children with his Bow and Arrows. Whereupon the wretched Mother leaped into the Sea with one of her Sons.

v. 29. Nor thou commiffion'd] Virgil and Lucan gave the Precedent of this fulfome and almost impious Flattery, in Compliment to

Auguftus

By wild Ambition led away, refign

The Roman Helm to feebler Hands than thine.
What tho' the Stars contract their liquid Space,
Well-pleas'd to yield thee a ferener Place;
Tho' Phabus, confcious of fuperiour Blaze,
Wou'd intermix with thine his friendly Rays;
And Jove his wide-extended Empire share,
Content to rule an equal Tract of Air;
Yet may thy People's Wifhes thee detain,
And Jove enjoy an undivided Reign.

The Time will come, when a diviner Flame
Shall
prompt me to refound thy ripen'd Fame,
Meanwhile permit my Muse to seek Renown
In Theban Wars, a Prelude to thy own.
She fings of Souls difcordant e'en in Death,
And Hate, that fled not with the vital Breath;
A Throne, for which the vengeful Fates decreed,
Two Rival-Kings by mutual Arms fhould bleed,
And scepter'd Chiefs; who long, unbury'd, lay,
To Birds and Beafts an undiftinguish'd Prey;
When Dirce's Source was ftain'd with kindred Gore,
And Thetis from the Blood-impurpled Shore

Beheld Ifmenos roll a mingled Heap

Of Arms and Warriors to the frighted Deep.
What firft, O Clio, fhall adorn thy Page,

Th' expiring Prophet, or Ætolian's Rage?

Say, wilt thou fing, how grim with hoftile Blood,
Hippomedon repell'd the rufhing Flood;

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Auguftus and Nero. I hope the Reader will dispense with my tranfcribing the Paffages, as they would fweil the Compass of thefe Notes beyond what was intended. See Georgics, Lib. I. & Pharfalia, Lib. I.

A 2

Lament

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