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637; at battle of Buena Vista, 704; before | Monterey, advances against Taylor, army of, 723; message to Taylor, last attack in battle of Buena Vista, 724; retreat, 725; General Pierce quarters on the estate of, 771; sends flag of truce, 774; Buchanan's bargain with, 795; Vol. III., General Winfield Scott drives him from position, 345; beguiles Texas colonists with promises, besieges the Alamo, atrocities, 710; captured at San Jacinto, 711.

Saratoga, Vol. I., news of surrender of Burgoyne at, 138; British under Burgoyne retire to, surrender at, 151-2; Vol. III., 226; 233. Sault Ste. Marie, Vol. II., and other canals, bill for the establishment of rules respecting, 1218. Savannah, Vol. I., Benjamin Lincoln and D'Estaing attempt to recapture, defeat, 187; the British reinforced from, 189; 190; 191; Washington visits, 246; Vol. III., taken by the British, Lincoln's assault upon, 226; W. T. Sherman at, 398.

Say, Lord, Vol. IV., 796.

Scarborough, The, Vol. III., 248.

Schurz, Carl, Vol. III., 65; favors resumption, but thinks Sherman's bill insufficient, 122; on Henry Clay, 324-5, 326; biography, 450-2.

Schuyler, Fort, Vol. I., 183.

Schuyler, Philip, Vol. I., Canadian campaign, 78; 83; secures capitulation of Sir John Johnson at Johnstown, 84; dissensions with Gates, in command at Albany, 95, 142-4; at Ticonderoga, Washington sends for troops, 117; dispatches Gates to reinorce Washington, 120; Lee intercepts regiments sent by, 122; troops sent to reinforce, 130; strengthens garrisons and defenses at the north, 144; Long and St. Clair join at Fort Edward, re-organizes army after loss at Ticonderoga, 146; Gates foments dissatisfaction with, Washington's letter to, 147; summoned to appear before court of inquiry concerning loss of Ticonderoga, endeavoring to re-organize army, relieve Fort Stanwix and cripple Burgoyne, does not obey summons, 148-9; Vol. III., biography, 221-5; 256; 278: Vol. IV., negative vote, 705.

Schuylkill, The, Vol. I., Washington places detachments along, 132; Howe forces the fords of, 133; Washington erects works on Mud island, near junction of the Delaware and, 135; Howe erects works at the mouth of, 137; Washington takes position west of the, 141; flows between Lafayette and main body of the army, Washington sees escape of Lafayette's force from hill on banks of the, 171.

Scotland, The, Vol. I., 362.
Scott, Fort, Vol. II., 604.
Scott, John Morin, Vol. III., 179.
Scott, Mr., Vol. IV., motion concerning the
National capital, 604.

Scott, Winfield, Vol. I., General Ripley and

capture Fort Erie, Brown, Ripley and at Lundy's Lane, 487; Vol. II., Andrew Jackson's quarrel with, 601, 642; at Fort Recovery, 659; named for President, 672, 705; in Mexican war, enters Mexico, 704; enters Mexico, 721; ordered to Gulf of Mexico, takes part of Taylor's troops, 723; and Pierce in Mexican war, 773-4; warns President Buchanan danger from the south, 814; called into cabinet councils, 819; resigns command, 896; rank of lieutenant-general made for, 916, 968; Grant in campaigns of, 953; on Rebellion, 1134; Vol. III., ballots for, 38, 45, 50; biography, 340-6; 409; Vol. IV., 522.

Seal, Lord, Vol. IV., 796.

of

Seal and Arms of the United States, The, Vol. IV., 698.

Seat-of-government bill, Vol. IV., 607, 608, 612.

Sebastian, Colonel, Vol., IV., the Spanish governor recommends that pension be granted, 552; Power and go to New Madrid, 555; Innes, Murray, Nicholas and, 558; charged with being a pensioner of Spain, resigns his office, 575-6. Secession, Vol. I., the first, slaveholders withdraw from the house, 564-5; Vol. II,, advo cated by Tyler, 692; ordinance of. passed in South Carolina, 811, 814, 881; six other states pass ordinances of, 811, 820, 881; Buchanan denies right of, 812; Barnwell Rhett on, Inglis on. Keit on, 813; causes of, 813-14; effect of in south, 815; effect of in north, General Cass on, 816; threatened by Virginia, 822; threatened by South Carolina, 880; in Virginia put to popular vote, declared in Virginia, 889; proposed for New York city, 893; Andrew Johnson on, 933; 934; 947; Hayes on, 1042; Garfield on, 1115, 1124, 1125; Vol. III., nullification and fruits of the doctrine of state sovereignty, 161; Madison on, Webster on nullification and, 335; 351; Stephen A. Douglas on, 374: Thomas J. Jackson and, 480; Jefferson Davis and, 482.

Secessionists, Vol. II., resolve to overthrow the Union, 807; means to accomplish, 807, 808, 809; nominate Breckenridge for President, 809; their bearing in congress, 814; treachery of in cabinet, 815; 817; confident of success, frightened by occupation of Fort Sumter, 817; appoint commissioners to Washington, their demands, 818; declare themselves in Washington, 819; alarmed by Buchanan, denounce government, 820; announce their intentions, 820-1; cease intercourse with President Buchanan, 821; check given to by secretary Dix, 821-2; demand National slavery, 823; form a Confederacy, 824; attack Massachusetts regiment in Baltimore, 886; opposition to Andrew Jonnson, 934, 935,

Second Term, A, Vol. II., Cleveland on, 1189.
Sedgwick, John, Vol. III., 436-7.
Seminole war, Vol. II., 652; Zachary Taylor in,
716.

Seminoles, The, Vol. II., receive Negroes and fugitives of the Creek war, 602; War of 1817 begins, 603-4; Jackson moves to town of the, 605; wrongs of the Creeks and, 609; Vol. III., Winfield Scott takes part in War of 1835, 343.

Senecas, The, Vol. I., Sullivan penetrates the country of, 183. Serapis, The, Vol. III., combat with the Richard,

248-9.

Seven Pines, Battle of, Vol. II., 900.
Sevier, Governor John, Vol. II., Jackson's
quarrel with, 586; Vol. IV., 550.
Sewall, David, Vol. I., 266; friendship for John
Adams, Adams' letter to, 278-9.

Sewall, Jonathan, Vol. I, friendship for John Adams, interview with, 292; Daniel Leonard and supposed authors of “Massachusettensis," 315.

Seward, W. H., Vol. II., on the "irrepressible conflict." 805; leader of the Republican party, 805; 874; endorses Hinton Helper's book, secretary of state under Lincoln, 883; value to Lincoln, 890; diplomacy of, 895; Lincoln's confidence in, 903; Seward's counsel on Emancipation Proclamation, 905; attends peace convention, 919; goes to Richmond, 921; stabbed, 922; Vol. III., 54; ballot for, 56, 60; biography, 377-80; Salmon P. Chase and, defendant's counsel in the case of Van Zandt, 383: Vol. IV., seeks leadership of Republican party, 525.

Seymour, Horatio, Vol. II., and Draft act, 914; nominated for President, 918; 984; Vol. III., ballot for, 64; biography, 364-6; 447. Seymour, Thomas H., Vol. III., 63. Shadwell, Vol. I., home of Thomas Jefferson at destroyed by fire, 420.

Shannon, The, Vol. I., 487; Vol. III., captures the Chesapeake, 306-7.

Shannon, Wilson, Vol. II., governor of Kansas, 799.

Shay's Rebellion, Vol. III., 227.

Shea, John D. G., Vol. IV., on French discoverers, 596-7.

Shelburne, Lord, Vol, I., in the colonial office, 333; becomes prime minister of England, 334; liberal and pacific policy, 340. Shelby, Isaac, Vol. II., medal for bravery in battle of Thames, appointed to treat with Indians, 671-2.

Shellabarger, Samuel, Vol. II., 1066. Shenandoah, Vol. III., Sheridan appointed to command of Army of the, 403. Sheridan, Phillip H., Vol. I., occupies Charlottesville, 417; Vol. I., defeats Stuart, 970; victories in Shenandoah valley, Grant praises, 971; reaches City Point, Grant gives instructions to, 973; takes Five Forks, 974; aids in capture of Sutherland Station, 975; pursues Lee, 976; replaced by Hancock, made lieutenant-general, 986; making general of the army, 1218; Vol. II., biography, 401-4; Grant's opinion of, 403. Sherman, John, Vol. II., sent to Kansas, 800; opposes the Electoral Commission bill, 1068; becomes secretary of treasury, 1073; candidate for Presidency, 1144, 1145; Vol. III., a Whig, 54; ballots for, 71, 73, 489; introduces Specie bill, 121, 122; secretary of treasury, 124; execution of Resumption aet, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128; biography, 486-8. Sherman, Roger, Vol- I., on committec to pre

pare Declaration of Independence, 366, 367; Vol. III., biography, 279-81; Jefferson's opinion of, 280; Vol. IV., 617; signs Declaration of Independence, 622; signs Constitution, 639. Sherman, William T., Vol. II., given command in west, 916; marches to the sea, 919; comes to the council of war, 921; sent to the Yazoo, against Johnston at Lookout mountain, 965; repulsed at Haines' Bluff, sent to Haines' Bluff, 966; left in command of Western army, 969; occupies Atlanta, march to the sea, 971; receives Johnston's surrender, 980; sent to the southwest, 981; made lieuteuant-general, 982; made general of United States army, 986; Vol. III., biography, 395-401; letter to governor of Louisiana, 396, 397; Grant's opinion of, 399; farewell to his troops, 400, 401; notice of "Memoirs," 401; Loganjoins, 460.

Shields, James, Vol II., 857; 858; 866; Vol. III., biography, 442-3.

Shiloh, Battle of. See Pittsburg Landing.
Short, William, Vol. III., negotiates loan, 79.
Shorthand, Vol. I., Preston's trial taken down
in, 296.

Sibley, Solomon, Vol. IV., 529; 533.

Sidereal Messenger, The, Vol. III., published by O. M. Mitchel, 434.

Sigel, General Franz, Vol. II., defeat of, 970; Vol. III., succeeded by Hunter in command of Department of West Virginia, 466; 451. Signers of Declaration of Independence, The Vol. IV., 672-3. Silver, Vol. III., 36; administration of Washington, weight of in shilling sterling, in Spanish pillar dollar, money unit of the United States, Hamilton on, coins to be struck, 82-4; administration of Jefferson, dollars coined in 1805, order in 1806, all coins to be small denominations, 89; 93; 94; Andrew Jackson, effect of over-valuation in act of 1792, acts of 1834 and 1837 fix standard of gold and, undervalued, goes, 102; Taylor and Fillmore, lack of small coins, act of 1853 treats as a subsidiary metal, gold and circulate, 108, Lincoln, gold and exported, lack of small coins, 111, 114; U. S. Grant, none of the dollars minted for circulation since 186, act of 1873, the trade dollar, fall of, Germany throws seven millions of pure on the market, nearly all Europe using for circulation, coinage of checked, 122-3; R. B. Hayes, depreciation, bill restoring unlimited coinage of

the dollar amended, vetoed by Hayes, be comes a law in 1878, amount of small coins, continues to depreciate, coinage of the trade dollar suspended, 125, 128-9, 322.

Siver bill, The, Vol. III., 70.

Silver bill, The Bland, Vol. II., 1082-4; Hayes on, 1084-6, passage of, 1086.

Silver certificates, Vol. II., Arthur on, 1169. Silver coinage, Vol. II., Cleveland recommends suspension of, 1199; 1203.

Silver Gray" Whigs, The, Vol. III., 48. Silver Question, The, Vol. II., Hayes on, 1081, 1100.

Sioux Indians, Vol III., General Custer and regiment slain by, 445.

Sioux Reservation, The, Vol. II., measure for the division of becomes law, 1218. Skene, Vol. I., the Tory, informs Burgoyne of stores in Bennington, 147. Skenesborough, Vol. I., the wounded, non-combatants, etc., from Ticonderoga dispatched to, overtaken by British gunboats, everything combustible in set fire to, 145-6; 147. Skippack road, The, Vol. I., Sullivan moves down, moves from, attacks the British pickets, returns to, 136, 137.

Slade, William, Vol. I., presents resolutions of Vermont against slavery, 564; rallies to J. Q. Adams' support, 567.

Slave, The, Vol. II., status of, problem of the fugitive, Butler's theory of, 897.

Slavery, Vol. I., first importation of slaves, 370; Jefferson for emancipation, 373; Louisiana admitted with slaves, 408; Jefferson's views on, 422; his slaves sold by estate, 424; excused from censure, 433; act relating to importation of slaves, 519; slaves restored by treaty, 521; Clay's compromise resolution, 522; 523; the first great struggle over, 545; southern sectionalism, 551; domination of slave-power, 558; north arraying against 559; Adams' hostile measures, 560-4; Atherton of New Hampshire presents the slavery caucus platform, Adams presents anti-slavery petitions, 565; Ruaz and Montez case, 566; slavery leaders in congress meet, also antislavery, 567; coalition of slave-holders and Democrats, 568; defeat of, 569; growing opposition in the north, war advocated to destroy, 571; Vol. II., becomes a perplexity, 644; Democrats opposed to extension of, 653; Van Buren on right of congress to abolish, 654-6; Tyler opposes restriction of, 679; Clay vacillating on, 699; Wilmot proviso on, 702; growth of opposition to, 706; meeting for extension of, opposition to, in District of Columbia, in California, in New Mexico, 707; address to the south on, 708; pushing its claims, 730; keeps California out of the Union, 731; Zachary Taylor's attitude toward, 733, 734, 735; in Twenty-fifth congress, 744; Fillmore on, 745, 751, 760; in forefront, resolutions of 1847 on, Benton on carrying into the territories, 748; Calhoun tries to push into territories, Omnibus bill and, vehement debates on, 749; Fillmore and, 751; feeling toward in the north, 752; importance of, in campaign of 1856, 752; Pierce on, 768, 776, 777, 781, 782; in campaign of, 775, 852; increasing importance of, agitation over, in Kansas, 779, 799; in 1820, 789; growing opposition to, petitions for abolition of, 792; publications against, condemned by Buchanan, abolition of opposed by Buchanan, 793, 824; scheme for founding an empire on, 796; struggle in Kansas over, 799-803; purpose to national. ize, Seward on, 805; Hinton Helper on abo. lition of, 806; Douglas doctrine of, 808; in Democratic National convention of 1860, 807-9; position of four parties in 1860 on, 810; in territories, Buchanan on, 812; A. H. Stevens on, 813; Senator Crittenden's resolutions to nationalize, 814; demands from the south to nationalize, 823; Lincoln's first acquaintance with, 841; Lincoln dissents from Illinois legislature on subject of, 851; de

clares himself in congress on, 861; in the "forties and fifties," 862; first open struggle for, 864; Lincoln's opposition to, 904; abolition of, 906; Andrew Johnson on, 930, 931, 932, 936-50; Hayes opposes, 1041; Hayes on,1042; Garfield on, 1115; Arthur's early interest in, 1061; Vol. III.. first law relating to slavetrade passed (note), 16; Hartford convention on, 22; the Missouri Compromise, 267; session of 1836, debate in congress, resoolution 33; in platform of Democrats, 1840, 37; rise of the Abolition party, platform of, 38-9; the Calhoun doctrine, General Zachary Taylor, 44; the Free-soil party, 45-6; policy of the Whigs, of Fillmore, 47-8; in Democratic platform, 1852, 48; in Whig platform 1852, 49; the Free-Soilers, 50; seeds of disruption of 1860, the Kansas-Nebraska question rouses fear in the north, repeal of the Missouri Compromise, Squatter Sovereignty, the Dred Scott decision, 51-3; the Republican party, platform, 54-6; question of overshadows all else, American party short-lived, 56; differences between the two great parties rest on, 57-8; Democratic platforms of 1860 and, 58-9; Republican platform, 1860, 60; Constitutional Union party and, 60-1; Lincoln and, 61-2; extension of in the territories, 108; Clay's compromise measures, 330-1; 351; Joshua R. Giddings and, 356-7: William Lloyd Garrison and, 357-60; Gerrit Smith and, 360; Charles Sumner and, 361; John Brown and, 366-9; Wendell Phillips and, 369-70; Thaddeus Stevens and, 370-1, position of Stephen A. Douglas on, 373; William H. Seward on, 378-9; Salmon P. Chase on, 383-4; Horace Greeley and, 389; B. F. Wade on, 391-2; John A. Dix and, 394; Henry Wilson and, 413-14 Henry Ward Beecher and, 462; Charles Francis Adams and, 473; Jefferson Davis on Emancipation Proclamation, 482; John Sherman and, 486; Vol. IV., Mason and Dixon's line, 788-9. Slave-trade, The, Vol. I., prohibition of recommended, 422; Vol. II., Democrats favor abolition of in District of Columbia; 653; attempt to re-open, 804.

Slidell, John, Vol. II., plan to dissolve Union,
804; taken by Captain Wilkes, 907, 908;
Vol. III., capture of Mason and, 473.
Small, Dr. William, Vol. I., influence on Thomas
Jefferson, 358.

Smallwood, General, Vol. I., re-inforces Washing

ton, 97; at Long Island, 100, 101; Wayne and in rear of British force near Philadelphia, 133, 134.

Smith, Caleb, Vol. II., secretary of interior, 883. Smith, Captain John, Introduction, visits Massachusetts, 17; appointed member of governing council, not allowed to take his place, arrested upon false charges, proves innocence, given place in council, 18; makes voyage up Chickahominy, fight with Indians, Pochahontas' interposition to save life of, 19; accepts presidency of Jamestown colony, returns to England, 20; Vol. I., 435; Vol. III., 131.

Smith, General C. F., Vol. II., proposes to take Fort Henry, 959; takes possession of Clarks

ville, receives credit for capture of Fort Donelson, 960, Halleck praises, 963.

Smith, Gerrit, Vol. III., identifies himself with American Anti-Slavery society, 39; biography, 360-1; 367.

Smith, Henry, Vol. IV., 710.

Smith, John Cotton, Vol IV., on the National capital, 611.

Smith, William, Vol. III., 180.

Smith, William J., Vol. I., Ogden and try to aid Miranda, 410.

Smithsonian institute, The, Vol. I., J. Q. Adams contributes to establishment of, 574; Vol II., established, 702.

Society for Promoting Agriculture, Vol. III.,

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Society for the Promotion of Useful Arts, Vol. III., 138. "Solid South, The," Vol. II., first instance of, 708; in campaign of 1876, 1059. Somerset, Battle of, Vol. III., 453. Sons of Liberty, The, Vol. III., 179; Vol. IV., 704-5. Sorel, The, Vol. I., projected movement of the British through, Carleton surprised at the mouth of, British fleet blockaded at mouth of, 78. South America, Vol. I., schemes against Spanish possessions in 403, 410; independence of provinces in recognized, 525.

South American republics, The, Vol. III., 327. South Atlantic blockading squadron, The, Vol. III., 421. South Carolina, Vol. I., 17; 64; casts negative vote for a Declaration of Independence, 89, 368; changes to affirmative, 90, 368; Greene sets out upon march to, 216; believed to favor Adams and Pinckney, electoral votes of given for Jefferson and Burr, 351; not ripe for Declaration of Independence, 366, 367; delegates from Connecticut and present them. selves, definitive treaty of peace with Great Britain signed. 379; 404; ratifies Constitu tion, 456; 517; 559; Vol. II., 598; 599; Lewis goes to, 612; prepares to sieze Fort Sumter, 815; demands made of President, 818; committed first act of war, 819; threatens secession, 880; adopts ordinance of secession, 881; electoral disputes in, 1036; Hayes on electoral disputes in, 1088; Vol. II., obtains high duties on cotton and iron, 92; 97; calls convention, declares Tariff acts unconstitutional, 100; 101; denounces high tariff on wool, 155; 159; States Rights and Free Trade convention held at Charleston, 160; nullification measures of condemned, first attempt at rebellion by, 161; 316; Hayne governor of, 319; debate between Hayne of and Webster, 319, 334; Webster and Calhoun on nullification in convention at, 335; David Hunter placed in command of army at Port Royal, 446; Quincy A. Gilmore set to preparation of expedition against coast defenses of, 453; given command of, 454; Vol. IV., 545; 551; 695.

South Carolina company, The, Vol. IV., formed,

551-2.

South Church, The Old, Vol. III., 236.
South Mountain, Battle of, Vol. II., 903, 1043,
Vol. III., 445.

Southern question, The, Vol. II., Hayes on,
1069, 1070, 1071.
Southern Rights Association, Vol. II., 813.
Spain, Introduction, 5; 9; 10; 11; Vol. I., 58;
Jay returns from, 334; France, England and,
settle upon terms of peace, 337; has reason
to fear growing power of American colonies,
366; 380; 389; 395; United States receives
intimation of proposed transference of right
of possession in Louisiana to France by
407; right of United States to unimpeded
navigation of Mississippi to New Orleans
refused by, 407, 447; claimed that no evi-
dence existed of treaty of cession from, to
France, 408; congress appropriates two
million dollars to purchase Florida from,
Miranda captured and carried to, 410; Jeffer-
son to governor of Louisiana on patriots of,
414; co-operation of desired by United States,
to drive British men-of-war from coast,
becomes party to conflict, no aid to United
States, engages with France in attempt to
conquer portions of England's possessions
in Mediterranean, becomes fearful of gen-
eral European war, profers services as
mediators, 447; relations with discussed
by congress, 491; difficulty with regarding
occupation of the Mississippi produces criti-
cal state of affairs between United States
and, Madison on contest with, 498; 500;

Jay secretary of legation at court of, 499; | Jay instructed to enter into treaty negotiations with minister of, committee appointed to instruct Jay on points relative to proposed treaty with, Jay's plan of treaty with, 500; Monroe called upon to give in detail efforts made in congress to conclude treaty with, 502; withdraws privilege of deposit at New Orleans, 509; Federalists determine to incite war against France and, 510; Monroe called to, 512; invasion of Floridas by General Jackson causes difficulties with, treaty negotiation in progress with, treaty entered into with, ceding East and West Florida, 520; treaty ratified by king of, 520, 525; war with imminent, 544; other difficulties with, 545; 558; Vol. II., 593; 602; at war with revolted American colonies, 603; 604; 605; 608; 609; Adams consults Jackson as to matter of boundaries to be demanded in negotiation with, 610; Arthur's treaty with, 1171; Vol. III., secret treaty between France and, 16; Vol. IV., 543; danger of war between United States and, 17; treaty of peace between Great Britain and, dispute between United States and, makes treaty with Indians at Pensacola, 544; difficulties between United States and concerning navigation of Mississippi, 545, 546, 548; plan for colonizing Louisiana from the United States, 547; Wilkinson's schemes for colonization in Spanish territory, projects in the west regarding, 548, 549; Wilkinson to Miro on, causes operating in Kentucky in favor of, 550; inhabitants of Frankland and, South Carolina company and, 551-2; machinations of for severance of the west, reduction of the tariff on shipments down the Mississippi, 552; intrigue to free Louisiana from and set up a republic, 553; symptoms of war between Great Britain and, the boundary line, endeavors to bribe leading men of Kentucky, treaty signed in Madrid, diplomatic finesse, desire to secure the United States as a neutral power, desire to be absolved from the treaty, 554-6; statements of Carondolet, 557-8; Spaniards evacuate forts at Natchez, alliance of 1778, loss of transatlantic domain, 55960; treaty of 1795, non-pacific attitude in 1799, 560; cedes Louisiana to France, treaty of 1800, 561; difference between France and, 562; 564; protests against sale of Louisiana, 565; Sebastian and others charged with intriguing with, 575; Sebastian a pensioner of, Burr's project agreeable to, 576; Burr charged with setting on foot an expedition against, 582, 583. Spandau, Vol. III., Carl Schurz effects escape of Kinkel from the fortress of, 451. Speakers of the House of Representatives, The,

Vol. IV., 674.

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Springfield, Vol. III., Greene withstands attack of Knyphausen at, 231.

Squatter Sovereignty, Vol. III., 52.

Stambaugh, Colonel, Vol. II., Lewis suggests Jackson's candidacy to, 623.

Stamp act, Vol. I., passed, news reaches colonies, 281; feeling of people of Boston toward, 2834; goes into force, 286; Adams on, 286, 287, 289; repeal of, 290; Vol. III., influence on Whigs, 9; Patrick Henry on, 211; Franklin on, 215; Lee on, 239; Vol. IV., the Sons of Liberty oppose, 705. Standish, Captain Miles, Introduction, quells conspiracy to murder the whites, 25-6. Stanton, Edwin M., Vol. II., secretary of war under Lincoln, 890; made secretary of war, fitness of for place, 903; President Johnson attempts to remove, 941; 943; on reconstruction, 982; Vol. III., biography, 380-2.

Stanwix, Fort, Vol. I., Burgoyne's plan to capture, 145, 147; Schuyler's effort to relieve, invested by regulars, Tories and Indians, Herkimar wounded at, Arnold sets out for, flight of the enemy, 149; Vol. III., 251; Vol. IV., the American flag at, 692.

Stark, General John, Vol. I., at Bunker's Hill, 70; Warner and at Bennington, 148; Vol. III., biography, 252-4.

Staten Island, Vol. I., conference with Lord Howe at, 105; British force on, 106; British encamp on, 129; 178.

States Vol. IV., Florida, 798; Texas, 799; New York, 801; Maryland, 805; Carolinas, 806; North Carolina, 807; South Carolina, 810; Virginia, 812; Rhode Island, 815; Delaware, 817; Georgia, 819; Vermont, 819; Kentucky, 820; Tennessee, 821; Ohio, 821; Louisiana, 822; Indiana, 823; Mississippi, 823; Illinois, 824; Alabama, 824; Maine, 824; Missouri, 825: Arkansas, 826; Michigan, 826; Texas, 827; Iowa, 828; Wisconsin, 828; California, 828; Minnesota, 829; Oregon, 829; Kansas, 830; West Virginia, 830; Nevada, 831; Nebraska, 832; Colorado, 833; Dakota, 833; Maryland, 834; Washington, 834; Montana, 835; Idaho, 836; Wyoming, 836; Arizona Territory, 837; Utah Territory, 837; New Mexico, 838.

States rights, Vol. II., Tyler on, 678, 692; Polk on, 696; Zachary Taylor on, 734, 735; Pierce supports, 768, 778; Vol. III., 32; convention at Charleston, 160; John Randolph spokesman of the party of Virginia, 314. Augustine, Vol. II., 590; Andrew Jackson instructs Gaines to seize, order countermanded by the President, 607, 608.

St.

St.

Christopher, Vol. III., Alexander Hamilton's account of hurricane, 201.

St. Clair, General Arthur, Vol. I., evacuates Ticonderoga, 145-6; Vol. II., loses half his troops, 658; governor of Northwest territory, 661; Vol. III., 224, 234; biography, 310, 311.

Stephens, A. H., Vol. II., on slavery, 813; vicepresident Confederacy, 824; consultation with Lincoln, 919.

Stephens, General, Vol. I., force under Greene and at White Clay Creek, 130; division of Sullivan, Stirling and move up the Brandywine to meet Cornwallis, 131; at Germantown, his division separates from remainder of the wing, court-martialed and dismissed, 137; reinforces Gates at Clermont, 192 Sterling, Lieutenant-Colonel, Vol. I., 114, 115. Steuben, Baron, Vol. I., commissioned inspectorgeneral of army, 166; on Andre's trial, 208; co-operates with Lafayette, 217; draws up constitution for Society of the Cincinnati, 234; Vol. IV., 547.

Stevens, Thaddeus, Vol. II., on Reconstruction, 938; member of committee on impeachment of President Johnson, 943, 944; Vol. III., suggestion after passage of Fugitive Slave law, 47; 54; bill introduced by, 112; biography, 370-1.

Stewart, A. T., Vol. II., 986.
St. Ildefonso, Vol. IV., 561.
Stillwater, Vol. I., 150.

Stirling, General Lord, Vol. I., at Battle of Long Island, 99; taken prisoner, 100; at battle of Brandywine, 129, 131; Germantown, 136; friendship for Washington, 160; correspondence with Washington, 164-5; at battle of Monmouth, 175; attacks British on Staten Island, 200; Vol. IV., 546.

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St. Leger, Colonel, Vol. I., Burgoyne dispatches
with troops from St. Johns, 145, 149.
St. Louis, Vol. IV., persons in asked to join
Burr's conspiracy, 579.

St. Marks, Vol. II., Andrew Jackson captures,
occupies, affair of Arbuthnot and Ambrister,
604-6; Jackson leaves garrison in, 607; Pen-
sacola and restored to Spain, 608.
Stockton, Commodore, Vol. III., 353-4.
Stone River, Battle of Murfreesboro or, Vol. III.,
433.

"Stonewall" (T. J.) Jackson, Vol. III., Fremont and, engagement at Cross Keys, 355; at Kernstown and Port Royal, 443; biography, 480-1.

Stono, Battle of, Vol. III., 226.

Stony Point, Vol. I., 178; Sir Henry Clinton captures, 184-5; Wayne re-captures, 185-6; Washington dismantles, 187; Vol. III., Wayne and, 274.

Story, Joseph, Vol. II., 638; Vol. III., 189; 193; publishes Marshall's writings on the Constitution, 286; on Gallatin, 289; biography, 308-10.

Stoughton, E. W., Vol. II., 1066.

St. Petersburgh, Vol. I., Dana at, 331; J. Q.
Adams at, 542; Vol. IV., 609.
Strachey, Henry, Vol. I., re-inforces Richard Os-

wald as British commissioner in negotiation
of the peace, 335-6.

Street, Alfred B., Vol. IV., on the American flag, quoted, 689.

Strong Government Whigs, The, Vol. III., 10. Strong, William, Vol. II., on Electoral Commission, 1065.

St. Simon, Marquis, Vol. I., joins Lafayette, 222. Stuart, Brigadier-General George H., Vol. III., Johnson and captured by Hancock, 427. Stuart, Charles E., Vol. IV., 510. Stuart, Colonel, Vol. I., succeeds Lord Rawdon in command of British army in the South, 222.

Stuart, General J. E. B., Vol. II., Sheridan defeats, 970.

Sub-treasury system, The, Vol. III., established

July 4, 1840, 36; Van Buren urges passage
of, 104; act repealed under Tyler, 105; again
established, 1846, 107; successful working
of, 108; 115.

Suffrage, Negro, Vol. III.. 64.
Suffrage, Woman, Vol. II., 1219.
Sugar Hill, Vol. I., 145.

Sullivan, John, Vol. I., at Long Island, 97-100; taken prisoner, 100; released, 105; stationed at Bronx river, 111; joins Washington, 120; at the Brandywine, 129-31; Germantown, 136-7; Newport, 179-80; Newton, retires from army, 183; Vol. III., expedition for recovery of Newport, 207, 231; biography,

270-2.

Sullivan's island, Vol. III., Moultrie defends, 242. Sulpitians, The, Vol. IV., La Salle and, 589,590, 593. Sumatra, Vol. III., Andrew H. Foote takes part ih attack on pirates of, 419. Sumner, Charles, Vol. II., denounces Andrew

Johnson, 940; opposes annexation of San Domingo, 991; Grant on, 1020; Vol. II., 54; ballot for, 56, 65; biography, 361-2; 432; Vol. IV., the foremost statesman during the war and reconstruction, 525. Sumter, Fort, Vol. III., 53; 61; congress convened after the firing on, 110; 375; 397; 447. Sumter, General Thomas, Vol. I., Gates re-inforces, orders to intercept supplies for the British, succeeds, makes forced march with captured train, Tarleton descends on, recaptures train, 192, 193; Tarleton attacks and is repulsed with heavy loss, 197; Vol. III., 232.

Surplus in treasury, The, Vol. II., Cleveland on, 1203, 1206.

"Surrender of Burgoyne," Vol. IV., Trumbull's painting of, 690.

Susquehanna, The, Vol, IV., the Potomac and

6.

competitors for the seat of government, 605. Suwanee river, The, Vol. II., 605, 606. "Swamp Angel," battery, Vol. III., 454. Swartwout, Vol. IV., of New Jersey, Burr introduces to Wilkinson, 577; Wilkinson's statements concerning, 578, 579. Swartwout, Captain Abraham, Vol. IV., 692. Swarwout, Samuel, Vo1IV., of New York, an adherent of Burr, 570. Sweden, Vol. I., commercial treaty with, 339; 380; 411.

Sweden's Ford, Vol. I., 171.
Switzerland, Vol. III., 123; Carl Schurz escapes
to, 450; Geneva tribunal meets in, 456.
Synchronistic history of the United States, Vol.
IV., 771-84.

TALLEYRAND, Vol. I., scheme to extort money from the United States, writes that France would receive a representative, 260, 261; overtures regarding Louisiana, 510; Vol. III., American commissioners and, 86; Vol. IV., 563.

Tallmadge, Major, Vol. I., induces Jameson to recall Andre, 207.

Talon, Mons., Vol. IV., De Courcelles and send out parties of discovery in New France, 588; 593.

Tammany hall, Vol. II., Tammany Democrats and Equal Rights men meet in, 639; origin of, 648; in campaign of 1884, 1190; Vol. III., 36.

Taney, Roger B., Vol. II., attorney-general under Jackson, 626; on Andrew Jackson, 640-1; administers oath of office to President Harrison,674; appointed secretary of treasury,681; administers oath of office to Polk.699; to Taylor, 732; to Buchanan, 797; renders Dred Scott decision, 801; issues habeas corpus writ against Cadwalader, 887; position negatived by supreme court, 888; Vol. III., issues order for withdrawal of deposits from the United States bank, 99; 193; biography, 346-9; 385.

Tappan, Vol. I., scene of Andre's trial and death, 208, 210.

Tariff, The, Vol. I., discussed by commission at Mt. Vernon, 451; Madison proposes system of, 1783 as basis of, opposition, propositions finally passed, 465-6; Madison's resolutions, 475; revision of, 490; duties on cotton and woolen goods, 520; effect of increase of on foreign productions, 522; J. Q. Adams adopts protective, 552; J. Q. Adams examines, 559; Vol. II., Clay a protectionist, 612; England lays a differential duty in favor of North American colonies, 626; in the Jackson administration, injustice of, nullification arises from, 629; Tyler on, 679, 690; Polk on, 701; protection repealed, revenue passed, 705; Zachary Taylor on, 729; Fillmore favors Protective, 744; new system of, of '42 a new creation, Fillmore author of, 746; on tariff, 754, 766; American system of advocated by Clay, 789; Buchanan on, 789-90; Andrew Johnson on, 928, 929, 930; Grant on, 995; Garfield on, 1127, 1131, 1132, 1133, 1147; Arthur on, 1165, 1169; Cleveland on, 1195, 1206-8, 1215-16, 1220, 1223; Vol. III., bill to revise protective, 27; protective endorsed, 30; Whigs secure in 1842 a protective, 40; Whig platform of 1844, revenue and protection, 42; Whig platform of 1852, 49; Republican platform of 1860 demands protective, 60; Democratic of 1868, 64; Republican of 1872, 66; Democratic of 1876, 69; Republican of 1880, 70; Democratic of 1880, 71; a strong protective against for revenue only, 72; Republican of 1884, 72-3; Democratic of 1884, 73-4; first under the Constitution, Madison on, revenue the object, protection the incident, 76-7; second general act, 92; revision, third act, 95; fourth general, the highest previous to 1861, 96, 97; fifth gen

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