eral act, trouble with South Carolina, com-
promise measure, 100-1; Harrison vetoes
two bills, the sixth bill, 105; seventh act, low,
protective features decreased, 106; receipts
under low of 1846, eighth act of 1857, low,
108-9; act of 1861, basis of present, 110;
amendments to act of 1861, 113; rates and
receipts, 116-17; act reducing, 119; act of
1883, 130; advance of rates gives new im-
pulse to industry, 134; Madison on, act of
1816 protective, 147-50; duties on imports,
151; a protective, Monroe, Clay, Buchanan
for, Webster against, cotton states against,
Tod's bill with amendments passes, 152-3;
duties on woolen goods in act of 1824, Great
Britain's action upon, 153-4; act of 1828
first thought really protective by American
manufacturers, effect of on the south and
England, 154-5; Adams on, 156; Jackson
on, 157-8; conventions-anti-tariff and of
Friends of Domestic Industry, resolution of
Henry Clay with amendment moved by
Hayne rejected, bill reported by Adams be-
comes law July, 1832, 157-9; anti-tariff con-
ventions in Charleston and Columbia, Jack-
son recommends a reduction of duties to a
revenue basis, 160-1; Compromise act, 162;
Henry C. Carey on effect of act of 1842, 166;
act of 1846-revenue act of 1857-reducing,
166-7; highest protective character restored,
168; heavy on imports, 176; Choate sup-
ports protective, 316; Calhoun, Hayne, nul-
lification, 318-19; Clay and, 329; Vol. IV.,
552; tariff acts, 681.

Tariff acts, United States, Vol. IV., 681-6.
Tarleton, Colonel Bannastre, Vol. I., defeats

American cavalry, 190; attacks and massa-
cres Buford's force, 191-2; pursues Gates'
militia, re-captures train of supplies from
Sumter, 193; ruse against Marion, defeat
by Sumter, 197; defeat by Morgan at Cow-
pens, 215; designs on Charlottesville frus-
trated, 377.

Taxation (British on colonies), Introduction,
without representation leads to discontent,
Massachusetts disputes, 34-5; Vol. I., direct
resisted, 58; acts of parliament, stamp
duties, opposition, Patrick Henry on, 59;
bill of rights on, 63; under advice of Grafton
all duties save that on tea removed right to
tax colonists asserted, 64; Boston determines
not to receive taxable goods, 65; arms taken
up to resist, 75; Otis resolutions, 282-3;
Samuel Adams asserts that representation
and are correlative, 286; resolution of John
Adams, and quotations from, 313-14; Vol.
III., Samuel Adams and, 198-9. See also
Stamp act.

Taxation, Vol. I., schemes of Hamilton, imposts
and excise to pay indebtedness, opposition,
244-5; revolt in
western Pennsylvania
against excise, 251-2; stamp duties, 345;
trouble in Pennsylvania caused by direct,
350; internal on stills, spirits, etc., 407;
465; Madison prefers direct, but votes for
excise, 471; 490; duties repealed, 519;
522; 559; Vol. II., 629; Vol. III., stamp
tax and duty on salt for revenue, 85; 90;
revenue from increased internal, direct, 91;
receipts from give relief, from direct, from
internal, 113; 115; some internal removed,
116; reduced, receipts from internal, 119-20.
Taylor, Zachary, Vol. I., in Mexico, 571; Vol.
II., ancestry, birth, influence of frontier life
on, 713; receives commission in army,
marries, goes to New Orleans, sent to assist
Harrison against Indians, sent to Fort Har-
rison, bravery in attack, 714; made major,
made lieutenant-colonel in Black Hawk war,
capture of Black Hawk, incident of during
Black Hawk war, 715; battle of Bad-Axe,
sent to Florida, career in Seminole war,
made brigadier-general and given command
of state, assigned to command of South-
western army, sent to Louisiana, influenced
by Texan question, goes to Corpus Christi,

716; responsibility of position, marches to
Rio Grande, defends Point Isabel, conference
with Mexicans, demands from Mexicans,
717; answer to, prepares defenses, first
collision between troops, Ampudia remon-
strates with, answers Ampudia, first battle,
718; moves out of intrenchments, attack
on Fort Brown, battle of Palo Alto, 719;
battle of Resaca de la Palma, 720; Ameri-
can confidence in, takes Matamoras, starts
for Monterey, 721; defense of Monte-
rey, capture of, capitulation, 722; stays
at Victoria, goes to Monterey, holds Monte-
rey against Santa Anna, goes to Buena
Vista, 723; Santa Anna's message to,
replies to Santa Anna, report of battle of
Buena Vista, 724; orders at close of, 725;
remains at Monterey, returns to United
States as a soldier, 726; 727; mentioned as
candidate for President, a Whig, does not
wish the Presidency, 727; 728; on duties of
the Presidency, 728; on the veto power, on
tariff, currency, improvements, on Mexican
war, name at Whig National convention,
729; opposition to, accepts nomination,
campaign, 730; election, electoral vote,
departure for Washington, inaugurated,
731; inaugural address, character of,
as President, 732; Democratic party
supports, on slavery, first message to con-
gress, 733; asked for official information
on admission of California, 734, on slav-
ery, 735; attends anniversary of Wash-
ington National Monument association,
illness, incidents, 736; death, sorrow for
eulogies on, funeral, 737; estimate
738; his letter on his candidacy for Presi-
dent, availability as candidate, 748; Vol.
III., qualifications for Whig candidate, 44;
ballots for, 45; administration, died, 47;
finance during administration, 107-8; nomi-
nated, 330, 339; Free-soilers opposed to
election of, 384; Greeley's support of, 388;
Corwin's support of, 393; Lyon joins, 421;
Vol IV., grave of, 766.

of,

Tecumseh, Vol. I., killed, 487; Vol. II., 591;
spreads discontent among Indians, character
of, influence of his brother, the Prophet, 662,
663; council with Governor Harrison, 663;
demands return of lands, anger of, 664;
appears at Vincennes, attempts to arouse
other tribes, 665; and battle of Tippecanoe,
666; becomes an adherent of British, attacks
frontier in War of 1812, 667; made briga-
dier-general, 669; killed in battle of Thames,

670.

Telegraph wires and railroad bars, Vol. IV.,
Robertson on, 585.

Teller's Point, Vol. I., 205.
Tennessee, Vol. I., Jackson nominated by legis
lature of, 551; Vol. II., 614; condition of
society in, 582, 583; admitted to the Union,
Jackson senator for. 585; indemnification
of, Jackson Judge of supreme court of, 586;
against Indians, dismissal of militia of, 592;
supports Jackson, 614; Vol. III., rebel
stronghold in, 43, 355; campaign in, 397;
Vol. IV., settlers of, 544; North Carolina
cedes, 550; conspiracy of Blount of, 557;
Burr's influence in, 570, 571, 583.

Tenure-of-office act, Vol. II., passage of, 941;
Grant on, 996; Vol. III., Edwin M. Stanton
and, 381.

Ternay, Chevalier De, Vol. I., 201; 203.
Terrorism in south, Vol. II., 811.
Texas, Vol. I., annexation of, 560; Vol. II., 610,
637; Taylor sent to, 571; condition of in
1819, 609; offers to buy, Mexican govern-
ment forbids American settlements in, in-
dependence of, 637; annexation of, Van
Buren opposed to, 653; bill for, 691, 794;
Polk on, 699, 700; Tyler and, 700; Texas
forms state constitution, asks for forces to
protect her, Zachary Taylor goes to, 701;
Fillmore on, 745; Clay's bill for settling
boundaries of, 749; 750; Pierce supports

annexation of, 770; sympathy of Buchanan
with, 793; 794; causes Mexican war, 860;
Andrew Johnson favors, 928, 929; election
troubles in, 1005; Vol. III., Clay on annex-
ation of, 43; admission of, 106; indemnifi-
cation of, 107; Houston in, 350.
Thames, Battle of the, Vol. I., 487; Vol. II.,
670.

Third term, A, Vol. I., Jefferson on New York
against, 383; Vol. II., Grant and, 1010.
Thomas, General George H., Vol. II., President
Johnson appoints as secretary of war, 943;
given command of Army of Cumberland,
967; defeats Hood at Nashville, 971; Vol.
III., biography, 404-6.

Thomas, General John, Vol. I., takes troops to

Dorchester Heights, 85; succeeds Mont-
gomery in command in Canada, 88.
Thomas, General L., Vol. II., Grant tenders his
services to, 956.

Thompson, Charles, Vol. I., 464.
Thompson, Jacob, Vol. II., secretary of interior,

798; assists in theft of Indian trust funds,
815; flees to Mississippi, 818.

Thompson, R. W., Vol. II., secretary of navy,

1073.

Thornton, Dr. William, Vol. IV., design for
"Congress Hall," 717.

Thornton of New Hampshire, Vol. I., 369.
Throg's neck, Vol. I., 109; 110; 113.
Thurman, A. G., Vol. II., nominated for senator.
1046; elected senator, 1049; on electoral
committee, 1061; on Electoral Commission,
1065; nominated for vice-president, 1213;
Vol. III., ballots for, 71, 74; leader of
Democratic party, 450; biography, 475-7.
"Thurman Act," The, Vol. III., 476.
Ticonderoga, Fort, Vol. I., captured, 69; Arnold
in command at, 77; Schuyler arrives at, sets
out from, 78; British plan to reduce Crown
Point and, 82; Knox takes artillery to
Boston from, 85; Schuyler at, 117; Wash-
ington thinks Burgoyne will try to capture,
127; New York and New England troops at
Peekskill and, 128; Burgoyne threatening,
129; 139; Fort George and the northern
outposts, 142; Gates remains at, 143; St.
Clair takes command at, 144; Burgoyne
invests, St. Clair evacuates, 145; occupied
by British, 146; Schuyler to court of inquiry
as to loss of, 148; Vol. III., Schuyler goes to,
222; hears of surrender, 224; Ethan Allen
seizes, 254-6; St. Clair tried by court-martial
for the loss of, acquitted, 311.
"Tidal Wave," The, Vol. III., 67.
Tiffin, Governor, Vol. IV., energy in crippling
designs of Burr, 580.

Tilden, Samuel J., Vol. II., Grant on election of,
1022; nominated for President, 1058; course
of in Presidential campaign, supposed elec-
tion of, 1059; Vol. III., commission to decide
election between Hayes and, 69-70; 71;
428; biography, 437-8; 440; 458.
Tilton, Theodore, Vol. III., 463
Tippecanoe, Vol. III., 40.
Tippecanoe, Battle of, Vol. II., 666, 667.
Tobacco, Vol. II., bill to repeal tax on, 1219;

Vol. III., effect of decree regarding debts
due in, suits brought by the clergy, Patrick
Henry wins case for the planters, 209-10.
Tohopeka, Battle of, Vol. II., 592.
Toledo war, The, Vol. IV., 500-1.
Tompkins, Daniel D., Vol. I., vice-president, 491,
515, 517; re-elected, 524; Vol. III., votes for,
24, 26.

Tom's Brook, Battle of, Vol. II., 971.
Toombs, Robert, Vol. III., his faction with-
draws from the Whig party, 47.
Tories, The, Vol. I., 82; 83; Tryon county a
nest of, 84; horror at Declaration of Inde-
pendence, 90; 92; Washington informed of
a plot ripening among, 93; Burgoyne's plans
for junction with, 145, 149; effect of murder
of Miss McCrea, 150; of the north well-nigh
silenced, 153; the French alliance alarms,
169; Indians and at the Wyoming massacre,
182; Indians and forced to submission, 183;

Tryon, 185; rejoicing at victories in the
south, 194; Vol. III., 9.

Toucey, Isaac, Vol. II., secretary of navy, 798.
Tracy, Benjamin F., Vol. IV., secretary of the
navy under Harrison, 918.
Trade, Introduction, only British vessels allowed
to, free between the colonies restricted, 30;
34; Vol. I., the French establish trading
posts, 17; French and English traders, 18;
the Ohio company imports goods, looks for
points for trading-posts, 19; French restric-
tions, 21; England's navigation laws re-
strict, 58; non-importation, Washington on
differing interests of New England and Vir-
ginia, 60-1; non-importation, 62, 63; Wash-
ington's views, inland communication and,
237; England claims exclusive of the colo-
nies, smuggling. Otis on, 280; effect of non-
importation, 315; interference of England,
343; of France, 345; with England and the
West Indies, Jefferson on free and reciprocity,
390, effect of embargo, 426; measures of
Madison, limitation of foreign, 450; Ameri-
can vessels excluded from with West Indies,
Madison on, resolutions, 453-4; measures of
Madison, England and the carrying, 465;
475; embargo, 476; 520; depression, 521;
England enforces restrictions, Non-importa-
tion act aimed at, England passes, England
forbids by neutrals with her enemies, Napo-
leon replies with the Milan decree, 539; Vol.
II., negotiation of 1818, acts of restriction
repealed, 626; Vol. III., 10; 18; legislation to
encourage, 76; lead in the carrying, increase in
importations, 87; between colonies hampered
by uncertain character of money in use, 93;
overtrading, 102; market for corn and wheat,
107; over-trading, 109; Vol. IV., with Indians,
497; over-trading in Michigan, 503; 539; na-
tural channel of for the west, 554; commercial
states of the north remove restrictions from,
disadvantage of the south, Wilkinson'senter-
prise, 546-7. See also Industries and com-
Travis Station, Vol. IV., 805.
Treasury, The, Vol. III., board of instituted by
Continental congress, Washington calls on
for statement of accounts, act creating the de-
partment approved September 2, 1789, plans
of Alexander Hamilton, secretary, 77; 86;
measures of Gallatin, secretary of, 89, 90, 91,
92; the state banks and, 93, 94; sub-treas
ury act, 104, 105; issue of notes, 106; offi-
cers of, 107; surplus in, 108-9; 110; public
debt less the cash in, 113; 115; 119; gold
sales of Wall street with effect, 120; gold in,
"retired" notes paid out, 121; the secretary
authorized to use surplus to carry out pro-
visions of Sherman's bill, 122; 123; measures
of Secretary Sherman, 124, 125, 126, 127,
128; a surplus in, 129-30.

merce.

Treasury System, The Independent, Vol. II.,
Buchanan on, bill for passed, 793.
Treaties, Vol. I., of Versailles, 231; with Algiers,
255; of commerce with Great Britain, 256;
with France, alliance, 324; with Holland,
loan, 332; of peace with Great Britain,
France and Spain, 337; 379; 448; commer
cial with Prussia and Sweden, 339; of peace
with France, 347; various of commerce, 380;
complaints of violation of between Great
Britain and the United States, 393; ques-
tions as to validity of French of 1798; 394;
Louisiana ceded by, 408; with Napoleon I.,
482; of Ghent, 489, 490; 543; with Algiers,
490; Jay's with England, jealousy of France,
505-7; of 1795, 509; for Louisiana, 510-11,
528; with England as to rights of neutrals
1806,512; with Spain for Florida 1819, 520,
545; 1818, treaty convention with Great
Britain-the fisheries, northwest boundary,
extension of treaty of 1815, etc., 521; 542;
547; in the matter of French spoliation, 559;
Vol. II., 627, 636; with Indians, 627; at
Greenville with the Indians, 660; the Fort
Wayne, 662; of Ghent provides for the pacifi-
cation of Indian tribes, 671; of annexation

between the United States and Texas rejected by the senate, 692; 700; of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 704; with Japan,779; of Washington, Grant on, 997; reciprocity of 1883, 1024; Hayes on the Burlingame with China, 1090; measures for modification of the Burlingame, 1091-3; Hayes on fishery articles of Washington, 1101; Arthur on the Clayton-Bulwer, 1169; commercial with Mexico, Spain, San Domingo, 1171; Arthur on the Burlingame, 1172; Cleveland on the fisheries, 1212, 1214-16; the fisheries rejected, infraction by Germany of the neutrality of 1878, 1223. Trent affair, The, Vol. II., 907, 908; Vol. III., 379.

Trent, Captain, Vol. I., 22; 30; 31.
Trenton, Vol. I., Washington arrives at, 117;

118; battle of, 122-3; Cornwallis tries to regain, 124; Vol. IV., 599; sessions of congress at Annapolis and, 602, 603; competitor for seat of National capital, 604. Tripoli, Vol. I., 380; war vessel of captured,

406; close of war with Algiers and, 410; Vol. III., declares war against the United States, 297; Decatur destroys the Philadelphia in the harbor of, 298-9; bombarded by Preble, 299; success of Decatur at Tunis and, 300; Vol. IV., Eaton returns from operations against the pirates of, 570.

Troup, Lieutenant-Colonel, Vol. I., 161.
Trowbridge, Judge, Vol. I., 307.
Trumbull, Governor Jonathan, Vol. I., consents

that regiment at New Haven be re-enlisted,
83; Washington writes to, 127; Vol. III.,
biography, 243-4.

Trumbull, John, Vol. IV., painting of the "Sur-
render of Burgoyne," 690.
Trumbull, Lyman, Vol. II., 1065.
Truxton, Commodore, Vol. IV., informs the
President of designs of Burr, 576-7.
Tryon, Governor, Vol. I.. 83; organizes con-
spiracy to assassinate, 92; Washington and
other officers, 93; confers with General Howe,
94; circulates copies of North's bill, sends
one to Washington, Washington's answer,
168-9; captures New Haven, sacks and burns
Fairfield and Norwalk, 185.

Tunis, Vol. I., 380, Vol., 300.
Turgot, Mons., Vol. I., assails the American ex-

periment, John Adams publishes reply, 341. Turtle bay, Vol. I., Sir Henry Clinton lands near, cannonaded from vessels in, 107.

Tyler, John, Vol. I., message asking that Texas

be annexed, 570; Vol. II., recommends remitting of Jackson's fine, 597; candidate for vice-president, 652; nominated for vice-president by Whig party, 672; elected vice-president, 673; ancestry, grandfather marshal of colony of Virginia, father called a rebel, governor of Virginia, home, member of Virginia legislature, judge of court of admiralty, 677; birth of, education, studies law, admitted to bar, declines nomination to state legislature, elected to house of delegates, elected five times successively, censures Senator Brent, member of house of representatives, advocates States Rights, 678; 692; on United States banks, on Missouri Compromise, on tariff, over-work, resignation, takes up practice of law, again elected to state legislature, espouses cause of internal improvements by the state, elected governor of Virginia, settles sectional differences, eulogy on Thomas Jefferson, unanimously re-elected, asked to be a candidate for United States senate, 679; declines, is elected, accepts, Richmond Enquirer on, public dinner in honor of, opposes administration of Adams, an adherent of William H. Crawford, supports Jackson, 680; votes to censure President Jackson, 681; a strict constructionist, measures opposed by, re-elected, on United States banks, 681-5; separates from Jackson Democracy, elected president pro tem, of senate, opposes power of President, resigns, on expunging the Jackson censure, 683; nominated for vice-president, receives vote of part

of the Whig party, electoral vote, again elected to state legislature, opposes Van Buren there; delegate to Whig National convention, supports Henry Clay for President, nominated for vice-president, notified of death of President Harrison, starts for Washington, takes Presidential oath, 684; inaugural address, Whig feeling toward, retains Harrison's cabinet, calls for report of secretary of treasury, his bill on corporation of United State bank, 685; difference with congress on Bank bill, 686; vetoes Ewing's bill, approves a second bill, 687; and letter of John M. Botts, 688; effect of letter on Tyler, vetoes second bill, cabinet resigns, Whigs censure, 689; forms new cabinet, character of Twenty-Seventh congress, vetoes two tariff bills, signs protective tariff bill, 690; changes in cabinet, bill for annexation of Texas, renominated for President, withdraws. supports Polk, character of administration, 691-8; retires, twice married, death of first wife, advocates secession, member of Confederate congress, death, speech on nullification and States Rights, 692; Vol. III., nominated for vice-president, defeated, 34, 35; again nominated, elected, accession to the Presidency, 38, 40; opposed by Clay, vetoes re-charter of the bank, the Whig's charge with breaking faith, Whig address on, driven from Whig ranks, the Democrats refuse admission, 40-2; finance during administration, 104-6; 329; 336; 455; Vol. IV., grave of, 765.

"UNCLE SAM," "Brother Jonathan" and, Vol. IV., 786-7.

"Unconditional Surrender," Vol. II., Grant asks for, 961.

Union, The, Vol. I., a gag in the mouth of every person in, 349; agreement of Franklin with the French at variance with spirit of laws of several states in, 385; men of the south think the time has come to cut loose from, Jefferson sees in the element of strength, 401; sympathy for Jefferson aroused throughout, 429; North Carolina and Rhode Island having held themselves from ratify the Constitution, 466, 467; Louisiana admitted to, 483; 501; 502; Mississippi admitted to, 519; statesmen in the east object to enlargement of in the southwest, 520; Benton on legislation in three-fourths of the states of, 521; Alabama and Maine admitted to, 522; Missouri admitted to, 523; 568; Vol. II., 624; preservation of, Zachary Taylor on, 734; threatened disruption of, 748; Abraham Lincoln determined to save, 751; Fillmore on preservation of, 754-5; Pierce on preservation of, 777; Buchanan on preservation of, 795; Slidell's plan to dissolve, 804; General Wool on preservation of, 815; cause of prospering, 915; Andrew Johnson on, 932, 935; re-established, 980; Grant on, 1022; Vol. III., 11; Hartford convention denies desire to dissolve, 22; New England learns necessity of carrying on struggles against the government within, 23; Missouri demands admission to, 26; struggle on Missouri Compromise one of the most intense of, 27; Democratic resolution of adherence to the under the Constitution, 63; Ohio admitted to, 87; South Carolina explains its attitude towards, 155; President Adams on the tariff and, 156; Jackson on the tariff and the preservation of the, 161; Hamilton has plan of his own for the government of, 202; 207; Vol. PV., first attempt to divide, 542; delay in receiving Kentucky as a state in, 546; Wilkinson states that the west is on the point of separating from, 548; England and Spain pressing on western territories to break loose from, 554; Spain expects several states to separate from, 556, 548; Spain loses hope of dismembering, 559; Burr declares that the west will sever from, 573; last attempt at separating the west

from, 585; the question of prominent in dis-
cussion on seat-of-government, 606; 607;
624; circle of stars in flag symbolizes
the perpetuity of 689; devices suggested for
in the flag, 690; the American flag and ad-
mission of states to, 694-5; Professor S. B.
Morse on the flags and, 696-7; seal of the
United States and, 699; admission of Texas
to, 711, 712; Washington on, 730 2.
Union League, The, Vol. II., aids President Lin-
coln, 909; disaffection in, 917, 918.

United Colonies, The Thirteen, Vol. I., 74.
United Colonies of New England, The, Intro-
duction, 29.

United States, Vol. I., resolution in Continental
congress with regard to, 89, 169; soldiers'
fidelity to, 169; Deane agent of, 320; en-
voys bring discredit upon, 325; foreign di-
plomacy of, 326; France and, 327, 346,
347, 394, 400, 505, 507; Holland and, 329,
331, 332, 334; negotiations between Great
Britain and, 330, 331; Adams commissioned
by, 331; alliance of France, Holland and,
331, 332; fisheries, 334, 336, 521; Consti-
tution, 341; shipping, 343, 483; sedition
law in, 348, 349; newspapers in, 349; court
of, 350, 351; commercial relations, 384,
385, 389, 390; differences between Great
Britain and, war against, boundary, 393;
citizens of, 405; population of, debt of, 407;
Spain and, 447; Algiers and, 490; proposi-
tion to cede Canada to, 546; congress of
South American republics invite, 551; Vol.
II., purchase of Florida by, 609; secures
territory by treaty of peace at Greenville,
660; and Fort Wayne treaty, 662; annexa-
tion of Texas to, 691, 700; and California,
706; most inflammable part of, 902; Vol.III.,
Federalists declare that has no power to ac-
quire territory, 17; Hartford convention
resolves that naturalized foreigners be de-
barred from civil offices under, 22; inhabit-
ants of Louisiana to be given rights of citi-
zens of, 26; badly pressed for money, 80;
money unit of, 83; general distrust in busi-
ness reaches, ill prepared to avenge wrongs
or assert rights, 85; war declared by against
Great Britain, treasury notes made receiv-
able in payment of all duties and taxes laid
by, 90; 94; 111; manufactures of, 140-2;
144; value of iron made in, 164; England
removes legal restraints on trade with, 172;
migration to from Germany, 174; judiciary
of, 179-96; Russia offers to mediate between
England and, 289; amendment to the Con-
stitution forever prohibiting slavery in, 360;
Vol. IV., southern boundary of determined
in treaty of peace between Great Britain
and, 543; boundary dispute between Spain
and, 544; Spain and on navigation of the
Mississippi, 545 et seq.; project to colonize
Louisiana from, has not ability to pay old
soldiers, 547; 553; pressed by troubles with
Great Britain, France and Spain, pushing
Spain for settlement of boundary, 54;
boundary settled by treaty of Madrid, 555-
6; Spain desires to secure as a neutral power,
treaty of with Great Britain, 556; proofs of
plan to injure the, troops of occupy the Span-
ish forts, 559; right of citizens to deposit
produce in New Orleans, 560; Pontalba on
the separation of the west from, cession of
Louisiana to France a blow to, 561; nego-
tiations of France and for Louisiana, 562-5;
576; Burr charged with treason against,
582; the capital of, 598-616; Declaration of
Independence of, 617-22; confederation, 623;
the Constitution, 625-45; the Electoral Col-
lege, 646-71; Presidents of, 673; vice-presi-
dents of, speakers of the house of representa-
tives, 674: cabinets of, 675-80; tariff acts of,
681; history of flag of, 687-95; seal and
arms of, 698-700; seal of President of, of de-
partments of, 701-2; annexation of Texas to,
709-12; Washington feels that government
of is founded on people of the, 726; Articles
of Confederation, 746-55; census of popula-

tion of, 755; synchronistic history of, 771-
85; the name "Uncle Sam" applied to, 786:
duration of each congress of, 788-9; first set-
tlements, infant settlements consolidatei
grant made by the Crown, 796; original
limits of, 797.

United States bank. See Bank, United States.
United States, The frigate, Vol. III., 85; Stephen
Decatur sails in, 297; commands, captures
the Macedonian, 299.

University of Virginia, The, Vol. I., appropriation
for, Jefferson's interest in, attendance, 416-
17; on Jefferson's epitaph, 431; Madison
rector of, 491; Monroe curator of, 529.
Upshur, Abel P., Vol. II., 690, 691.
Upson, Charles, Vol. IV., 514.
Utah, Vol. II., territorial government of, 794;
Vol. III., New Mexico, Arizona and the slap
ery question, 51.
Utica, Vol. III., Anti-Masonic convention at, 29.

VALLANDIGHAM, CLEMENT L., Vol. II., retires from

congress, 895; arrest in Ohio, 906; punish-
ment, 907; 918; disobedience of, 1121.
Valley Forge, Vol. I., Washington in winter
quarters at, 141; suffering at, 154; banquet
given at on news of the French alliance, 169;
199; Vol. III., 267; Gouverneur Morris at,
276; 278; 284.

Van Braam, Jacob, Vol. I., instructs Washington
in fencing, 20; accompanies Washington to
Venango as interpreter, 24-5.
Van Buren, John, Vol. II., stumps for his father,

654.

Van Buren, Martin, Vol. I., as political strate
gist, 552; favors delivering up slaves as
criminals, sends armed vessel to receive them,
566; writes letter against acquisition of
Texas, 570; Vol. II., at the head of Albany
Regency, 613, 614; secretary of state under
Jackson, 618, 619; 620; 621; 622; 624;
resigns from cabinet, gives reasons for, 625;
appointed minister to England, contest in
senate over confirmation of, 626; elected
President, 639; birth and early life, 6445;
early political ideas, 645-6; acquaintance
with William Van Ness, admitted to bar,
forms partnership with Honorable J. T. Van
Allen, 646; politics in Columbia county bar,
made counselor-at-law, appointed surrogate
of Columbia county, removes to Hudson,
marries, 647; supports Jefferson, elected state
secretary, attorney-general of New York, 648,
and Albany Regency, opposes Clinton, re-
moved from attorney-generalship, elected to
United States senate, helps revise constitu-
tion of New York, on public questions, sup-
ports Crawford, 649; supports Jackson, op-
poses Adams, re-elected to senate, chosen
governor of state, made secretary of state,
foreign policy, resigns, minister to court of
St. James, recalled, 650; made vice-president,
made President, cabinet, money panic, 651;
financial legislation, administration loses
favor, Maine boundary, Seminole war, re
visits New York, organization of Whig party,
652; renominated by Democratic party, sec
ond electoral vote for, administration a fail-
ure, retires to Kinderhook, prospect of re-
nomination, position on Texas annexation,
supports Polk, nominated for President by
Free-Soil Democrats, 653; again retires, dies,
person, character, views on slavery, 656,
Vol. III., nominee for vice-president, elected.
31,335; nominated for President, 34; Whigs
adopt resolutions concerning, ballot for, 35;
character of administration, 36;
renomi-
nated for President, 38; defeated, 40, 42, 45;
again nominated for President, defeated, 46;
finance during administration of, 1034:
190; 319; 323; 384; 393; Francis P.
Blair supports for Presidency, 446; 458;
Vol. IV., grave, 764.
Vanderbilt, W. H., Vol. II.. Grant gives his per
sonal trophies to, 1025.
Varnum's Brigade, Vol. I., 139.