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But better days were dawning. On our return to Dresden,' says Heyne, I learned that inquiries had been made after me from Ilanover; I knew not for what reason. The reason by and by came to light. Gessner, Professor of Eloquence in Gottingen, was dead: and a successor was wanted. These things, it would appear, cause difficulties in Hanover, which in many other places are little felt. But the Prime Minister Münchausen had as good as founded the Georgia Augusta himself; and he was wont to watch over it with singular anxiety. The noted and notorious Klotz was already there, as assistant to Gessner, but his beautiful latinity,' says Heeren, ' did not dazzle Münchausen; so Klotz, with his pugnacity, was not thought of.' The Minister applied to Ernesti for advice: Ernesti knew of no fit men in Germany, but recommended Rhunken of Leyden, or Saxe of Utrecht. Rhunken refused to leave his country, and added these words: But why do you seek out of Germany, what Germany itself offers you? why not, for Gessner's successor, take Christian Gottlob Heyne, that true pupil of Ernesti, and man of fine talent, (excellenti virum ingenio,) who has shown how much he knows of Latin literature by his Tibullus; of Greek, by his Epictetus? In my opinion, and that of the greatest Hemsterhuis (Hemsterhusii toù лávu,) Heyne is the only one that can replace your Gessner. Nor let any one tell me that Heyne's fame is not sufficiently illustrious and extended. Believe me, there is in this man such a richness of genius and learning, that ere long, all Europe will ring with his praises.'

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This courageous and generous verdict of Rhunken's, in favor of a person as yet little known to the world, and to him known only by his writings, decided the matter. 'Münchausen,' says our Heeren, believed in the boldly prophesying man.' Not without difficulty Heyne was unearthed; and after various excuses on account of incompetence on his part,-for he had lost all his books and papers in the siege of Dresden, and sadly forgotten his Latin and Greek in so many tumults,—and various prudential negotiations about dismission from the Saxon service, and salary, and privilege in the Hanoverian, he at length formally received his appointment; and some three months after, in June, 1763, settled in Gottingen, with an official income of eight hundred thalers, which, it appears, was by several additions, in the course of time, increased to twelve hundred.

Here then had Heyne at last got to land. His long life was henceforth as quiet, and fruitful in activity and comfort, as the past period of it had been desolate and full of sorrows. He never left Gottingen, though frequently invited to do so, and

sometimes with highly tempting offers; but continued in his place, busy in his vocation; growing in influence, in extent of connexion at home and abroad; till Rhunken's prediction might almost be reckoned fulfilled to the letter; for Heyne in his own department was without any equal in Europe.

However, his history, from this point, even because it was so happy for himself, must lose most of its interest for the general reader. Heyne has now become a professor, and a regularly progressive man of learning; has a fixed househould, his rents and comings in; it is easy to fancy how that man might flourish in calm sunshine of prosperity, whom in adversity we saw growing in spite of every storm. Of his proceedings in Gottingen, his reform of the Royal Society of Sciences, his editing of the Gelehrte Anzeigen (Gazette of Learning,) his exposition of the classics from Virgil to Pindar, his remodelling of the library, his passive quarrels with Voss, his armed neutrality with Michaelis; of all this we must say little. The best fruit of his endeavors lies before the world, in a long series of works, which among us, as well as elsewhere, are known and justly appreciated. On looking over them, the first thing that strikes us is astonishment at Heyne's diligence; which, considering the quantity and quality of his writings, might have appeared singular even in one who had been without other duties. Yet Heyne's office involved him in the most laborious researches: he wrote letters by the hundred to all parts of the world, and on all conceivable subjects; he had three classes to teach daily; he appointed professors, for his recommendation was all-powerful; superintended schools; for a long time the inspection of the Freytische was laid on him, and he had cooks' bills to settle, and hungry students to satisfy with his purveyance. Besides all which he accomplished, in the way of publication, as follows:

In addition to his Tibullus and Epictetus, the first of which went through three, the second through two editions, each time with large extensions and improvements:

His Virgil, (P. VIRGILIUS MARO Varietate Lectionis et perpetua Annotatione illustratus,) in various forms, from 1767 to 1803; no fewer than six editions.

His Pliny, (Ex C. PLINII SECUNDI Historia Naturali excerpta, quæ ad Artes spectant;) two editions, 1790, 1811.

*He was invited successively to be Professor at Cassel, and at Klosterbergen; to be Librarian at Dresden; and, most flattering of all, to be Prokanzler in the University of Copenhagen, and virtual Director of Educa tion over all Denmark. He had a struggle on this last occasion, but the Georgia Augusta again prevailed. Some increase of salary usually follows such refusals; it did not in this case.

His Apollodorus, (APOLLODORI Atheniensis Bibliotheca Libri tres, &c. ;) two editions, 1787, 1803.

His Pindar, (PINDARI Carmina, cum Lectionis Varietate, curavit Ch. G. H.) three editions, 1774, 1797, 1798, the last wtih the Scholia, the Fragments, a Translation, and Hermann's Enq. De Metris.

His Conon and Parthenius, (CONONIS Narrationes et PARTHENII Narrationes amatoriæ,) 1798.

And lastly his Homer, (HOMERI ILIAS, cum brevi Annotatione ;) 8 volumes, 1802; and a second, contracted edition, in 2 volumes, 1804.

Next, almost a cartload of Translations: of which we shall mention only his version, (said to be with very important improvements,) of our Universal History, by Guthrie and Gray.

Then some ten or twelve thick volumes of Prolusions, Eulogies, Essays; treating of all subjects, from the French Directoral to the Chest of Cyprolus. Of these, six volumes are known in a separate shape, under the title of Opuscula and contain some of Heyne's most valuable writings.

And lastly, to crown the whole with one most surprising item, seven thousand five hundred (leeren says from seven to eight thousand) Reviews of Books, in the Göttingen Gelehrte Anzeigen! Here of itself was work for a lifetime!

To expect that elegance of composition should prevail in these multifarious performances were unreasonable enough. Heyne wrote very indifferent German; and his Latin, by much the more common vehicle in his learned works, flowed from him with a copiousness which could not be Ciceronian. At the same time these volumes are not the folios of a Montfaucon, not mere classical ore and slag, but regularly melted metal, for most part exhibiting the essence, and only the essence of very great research, and enlightened by a philosophy, which, if it does not always wisely order its results, has looked far and deeply in collecting them.

To have performed so much, evinces on the part of Heyne no little mastership in the great art of husbanding time. Heeren gives us sufficient details on this subject; explains Heyne's adjustment of his hours and various occupations; how he rose at five o'clock, and worked all the day, and all the year, with the regularity of a steeple-clock; nevertheless, how patiently he submitted to interruptions from strangers, or extraneous business; how briefly, yet smoothly, he contrived to despatch such interruptions; how his letters were indorsed when they came to hand; and lay in a special drawer till they were answered: nay, we have a description of his whole locality,' his bureau and book-shelves and port folios, his very bed and strong box are

polite; but had a habit (which ought to be general) of yawning, when people spoke to him and said nothing.

On the whole, the Germans have some reason to be proud of Heyne; who shall deny that they have here once more produced a scholar of the right old stock; a man to be ranked, for honesty of study and of life, with the Scaligers, the Bentleys, and old illustrious men, who, though covered with academic dust, and harsh with polyglott vocables, were true men of en. deavor, and fought like giants, with such weapons as they had, for the good cause! To ourselves, we confess, Heyne, highly interesting for what he did, is not less but more so for what he was. This is another of the proofs, which minds like his are from time to time sent hither to give, that the man is not the product of his circumstances, but that, in a far higher degree, the circumstances are the product of the man. While beneficed clerks and other sleek philosophers, reclining on their cushions of velvet, are demonstrating that to make a scholar and man of taste, there must be co-operation of the upper classes, society of gentlemen-commoners, and an income of four hundred a year;-arises the son of a Chemnitz weaver, and with the very wind of his stroke sweeps them from the scene. Let no man doubt the omnipotence of Nature, doubt the majesty of man's soul; let no lonely unfriended son of genius despair! Let him not despair; if he have the will, the right will, then the power also has not been denied him. It is but the artichoke that will not grow except in gardens; the acorn is cast carelessly abroad into the wilderness, yet it rises to be an oak; on the wild soil it nourishes itself, it defies the tempest, and lives for a thousand years.

For the Annals of Education.

ART. II. THE FIRST SCHOOLMASTER.

No man likes to have his father ill-spoken of. It comes near home. His own honor is touched by it. In like manner, to be thought a man of no ancestors, a mere filius nullius, hath somewhat of disgrace in it. A good taster knows very well that the clusters of this wine were sunned on the hill sides of Madeira, and of that on the slopes of the Carpathians; nay, a good taster most certainly knows that this hath its flavor from a northern exposure, and that

from a southern; as the learned and nice Montanus could discern whether an oyster had grown near Circeii or in the Lucrine lake. The grape smacks of the soil in which it grew. So men buy a horse, not for his points only, but for his pedigree. The winner of the palm at Elis, comes not of the same stock with the Satureian nag. As a man may well take shame to himself for the foul deed of his ancestor, so is he entitled to some share of his renown, and this too, without reckoning the merit of the blood. Thus it is that men live before they are born, and have a patrimony in the past, as well as after they are dead, entailing a sad or a glorious inheritance on those who spring from them. And so in all time has it been declared, that noble birth is sponsor to noble doing. Antiquity everywhere affirms that heroes and poets and the founders of commonwealths are offspring of the gods. Orpheus sprung from the loins of Apollo. Was not the silver footed daughter of the sea proud of her boy, Achilles? What but the maternal love of Venus guarded Eneus through his years of wandering and perilous wars? Even the little great have rendered homage to this doctrine of heavenly birth, and the son of Olympias dared to claim descent from Ammonian Jove. Kindred to this relation of a parent to his children is that of the founder of an art or a fraternity to all the craft and brotherhood. The free mason allows no one less than Solomon to be his master. The snipe shooter claims to be of the family of the mighty Nimrod, and a merry company of thieves will do business under the patronage of thrice great Hermes.' Why may not we too search out our genealogy and boast ourselves in the merits of our great progenitor? Or hath the schoolmaster alone no saint in the calendar, when St. . Crispin even hath those who reverence him? We are not so fallen. The cobler shall not have his laugh of us. We make our bow to Tubal Cain; though a teacher, we are not of him. We lift our hat to the Centaur, Chiron. He is our father. We admire his skill, we are lost in wonder at the amplitude of his knowledges. We revere him as the great seeker and finder.

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Far away on the hills of Thessaly dwelt this wondrous being. Tempe refreshed him in her grassy meadows, the Peneus slaked his thirst, aud Ossa and Olympus echoed to his cheerful horn in the chace, and his merry laugh over his

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