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There is moreover in everie house a master or provost, who hath under him a president, and certaine censors or deanes, appointed to look to the behavior and manners of the students there, whom they punish verie severelie if they make anie default, according to the quantitie and qualitie of their trespasses. And these are the usual names of the governors in Cambridge. Howbeit in Oxford the heads of houses are now and then called presidents in respect of such bishops as are their visiters and founders. In ech of these also they have one or more thresurers whom they call Bursarios or Bursers, beside other officers, whose charge is to see unto the welfare and maintenance of these houses. Over ech Universitie there is also a severall chancellor, whose offices are perpetual, howbeit their substitutes, whom we call vice chancellors, are changed everie yeare, as are also the proctors taskers, maisters of the streets, and other oflicers, for the better maintenance of their policie and estate.

To these two also we may in like sort add the third, which is at London, (serving onlie for such as studie the lawes of the realme) where there are sundrie famous houses, of which three are called by the name of Inns of the court, the rest of the chancerie, and all builded before time for the furtherance and commoditie of such as applie their minds to our common lawes. Out of these also come manie scholars of great fame, whereof the most part have heretofore been brought up in one of the aforesaid Universities, and prove such as commonlie in process of time, rise up (onlie through their profound skill) to great honor in the commonwealth of England. They have also degrees of learning among themselves, and rules of discipline, under which they live most civilie in their houses, albeit that the younger of them abroad in the streets are scarse able to be bridled by anie good order at all. Besides these Universities, also there are great numbers of grammar schooles throughout the realme, and these verie liberallie endowed, for the better relief of poore scholers, so that there are not manie corporate towns now under the queenes dominion, that have not one grammar schoole at the least with a sufficient living for a maister and usher appointed to the same.

There are in like manner divers collegiate churches, as Windsor, Wincester, Eaton, Westminster, (in which I was some time an unprofitable grammarian under the reverend

father master Nowell, now deane of Paulis) and in those a great number of poore scholers dailie maintained by the liberalitie of the founders, with meat, bookes and apparell, from whence after they have been well entered in the knowledge of the Greek and Latine toongs, and rules of versifieing, (the trial whereof is made by certaine apposers yearlie appointed to examine them) they are sent to certaine especiall houses in ech Universitie, where they are received and trained up, in the points of higher knowledge in their private halls, till they be adjudged meet to show their faces in the schooles, as I have said alreadie. And this much have I thought good to note of our Universities, and likewise of colleges in the same, whose names I will also set down here with those of their founders, to the end the zeal which they bare unto learning may appeare, and their remembrance never perish from among the wise and learned.

Of the Colleges in Cambridge with their Founders.

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1256 9

Peter College,

1348 10

1354 11

Founders.

King Henry VIII.

King Henrie VI. Edward IV. Henrie
VII. and Henrie VIII.

Ladie Margaret Grandmother to
Henrie VIII.

King Henrie VI. and the Ladie Mar-
garet aforesaid.

Ladie Margaret wife to King Henrie
VI.

John Alcocke bishop of Elie.

The brethren of a popish guild called
Corporis Christi.

Maria de Valentia Countess of Pem-
broke.

Hugh Balsham bishop of Ely.

Gundevill and Caius Coll' Edward Gundeville parson of Tiv.

Trinitie Hall, 1326 12 Clare Hall,

1459 13 Catharine Hall, 1519 14 Magdalen College,

1585 15 Emanuel College,

ington and John Caius doctor of Physike.

William Bateman bishop of Norwich.
Richard Badow Chancellor of Cam-
bridge.

Robert Woodlarke doctor of divinitie.
Edward Duke of Buckingham and
Thomas Lord Awdiie.
Sir Walter Mildmaie, &c.

Of Colleges in Oxford.

Colleges.

1539 1 Christes Church,

Founders.

King Hanrio VIII

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Founders.

William Wainflet first fellow of Merton college, then scholer at Winchester and afterward bishop there.

William Wickham bishop of Winches

18 Jesus College now in hand.

ter.

Walter Merton bishop of Rochester. Henrie Chichelie archbishop of Canterburie.

Richard Fox bishop of Winchester.
Richard Fleming bishop of Lincolne.
Adam Browne almoner to Edward II.
R. Eglesfield chaplaine to Philippa
queene of England wife to Ed
ward III.

John Balioll king of Scotland.
Sir Thomas White, knight.
Sir Thomas Pope, knight.

Walter Stapleton bishop of Excester.
William Smith bishop of Lincolne.
William archdeacon of Duresme.

John Gifford who made it a cell for
thirteen monks.

Hugh ap Rice doctor of the civil lawe.

There are also in Oxford certaine hostels or halls, which may right well be called by the name of colleges, if it were not that there is more libertie in them, than is to be seene in the other. In mine opinion the livers in these are verie like to those that are of Inns in the chancerie, their names also are these so farre as I now remember.

Brodegates.
Hart Hall.
Magdalen Hall.
Alburne Hall.

Postminster Hall.

S. Marie Hall.
White Hall.
New Inn.
Edinond Hall.

The students also that remaine in them, are called hostelers or halliers. Hereof it came of late to passe, that the right reverend Father in God, Thomas late archbishop of Canterburie, being brought up in such an house at Cambridge, was of the ignorant sorte of Londoners called an hosteler, supposing that he had served with some innholder in the stable, and therefore in despite diverse hanged up bottels of hair at his gate, whereas he began to preach the gospell, whereas indeed he was a gentleman borne of an ancient house, and in the end a faithful witnesse of Jesus Christ.

In London also the houses of the students at the Common

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And this much in generall of our noble Universities, whose lands some greedie gripers doo gape wide for. But who are those that have attempted this suit, other than such as hate learning, pietie, and wisdom; or else have spent all their own, and know not otherwise than by incroaching upon other men, how to maintaine themselves? When such a motion was made by some unto king Henrie the eighth, he could answer them in this manner: "Ah sirrah! I perceive the abbie lands have fleshed you and set your teeth on edge to ask also those colleges. I tell you sirs, I judge no land in England better bestowed than that which is given to our Universities, for by their maintenance our realme shall be well governed when we are dead and rotten. I love not learning so ill that I will impaire the revenues of anie one house by a pennie whereby it may be upholden." The same suit was once again attemped in king Edward's daies, when saith the duke of Somerset; "if learning decaie, which of wild men maketh civill, of blockish and rash persons, wise and godlie counsellors, of obstinate rebels, obedient subjects, and of evill men good and godlie christians, what shall we look for else but barbarism and tumult?" In the time of our gracious queene Elizabeth, it was in talke the third time, but without succes as moved out of season, and so I hope it shall continue forever.

ART. V. LECTURES TO SABBATH SCHOOL TEACHERS, ON MENTAL CULTIVATION, delivered at the Odeon, in Boston, September 1838, pp. 115. Boston published by Whipple & Damrell.

AMONG the influences which are to operate strongly and widely on the future character of our country, that of the

Sabbath School must not be overlooked. It forms already an important element in the education of the young among us, and is destined we doubt not, to a vast increase and extension of its powers. Sabbath Schools constitute a great system of instruction, sustained at an immense expense of time, and labor, and money, controlled by great associations with innumerable auxiliaries, and which have given an energy, directness and unity to its efforts which no department of secular instruction can claim. It has moreover created a new and peculiar literature, and more than a single series has been given to the world of books prepared (how skil fully we do not say) to form men in the period of their earliest flexibility, to the duties of virtue, and instruct them in the sublime doctrines of religion. In a community in which the moral education of the young is insisted on, and justly accounted of so vital consequence to the well being of our nation, the actual influence of such an Institution ought to be most deliberately weighed and most thoroughly understood. The questions how far its objects are attained, and with what wisdom its methods are chosen, are questions in which we all have an interest; the scholar and manof letters, who desires that the true principles of art shall be recognized in all that is addressed to the young, not less than the parent whose labors may be aided, or the teacher whose labors may be lightened.

The right instruction of the corps of teachers, who are to affect for good or for evil so many minds is of importance not less than that of the system itself and proportionate to the objects it aims at; and we are glad to see as evidences of an interest in that subject this volume of Lectures to Sabbath School Teachers. As the friends of education and of this especial department of it, we are rejoiced that minds so active and able have given themselves to this labor. The volume contains two discourses. The first on "the influence of the Bible on the intellectual powers," is by Rev. Dr Stone of St Paul's church. It is a brief but comprehensive and eloquent discussion of that great subject, full of hints which the reader must unfold for himself and which will well repay all the attention and thought he can bestow upon them. The second, on" the cultivation of the mind," by Rev. Mr Winslow, who is well known as the author of several popular

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