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HENRY S. BAIRD, having resided at Mackinaw two years previously, removed with his wife to Green Bay in September, 1824, and soon after built and occupied a house at Shantytown, and a little later Judge JAMES D. DOTY built a fine dwelling just above. A court house and jail-the first west of Lake Michigan-were erected here.

In 1829 the Green Bay mission school, under the fostering care of the Protestant Episcopal Church, was opened under the care of Rev. RICHARD F. CADLE, superintendent, who was the earliest permanent resident missionary of the Episcopal church west of Lake Michigan. By an act of the Legislature of 1833, children could be received by indenture and educated and brought up by the school. Mr. CADLE continued in charge of the mission school until February, 1834, when, feeling aggrieved at some complaints which were made in relation to his punishment of some of the children, he withdrew from its immediate superintendence. The school was devoted principally to the education of the children of the poor, and rendered a valuable service to the community.

By an act of the Legislative Council, approved October 21, 1829, the first Protestant Episcopal church west of Lake Michigan was incorporated. The act prescribed "That RICHARD F. CADLE, as rector; DANIEL WHITNEY and ALBERT G. ELLIS, as wardens; JAMES D. DOTY, WILLIAM DICKINSON, JOHN LAWE, ALEXANDER J. IRWIN, JOHN P. ARNDT, SAMUEL W. BEALE, ROBERT IRWIN, Jr., and HENRY S. BAIRD as vestrymen," be incorporated by the name of "The Rector, Wardens, and Vestry of Christ Church, Green Bay."

Rev. Mr. CADLE rendered his clerical services for a long time to this church gratuitously, and in January, 1834, a vote of thanks was given to him by the wardens and vestry.

The first newspaper printed in the territory which now constitutes the State, was published at Green Bay on the the 11th of December, 1833, by J. V. SUYDAM and ALBERT G. ELLIS. Its title at first was Green Bay Intelligencer, and after the twentieth number there was added to its title Wisconsin Democrat. The size of the sheet was twelve inches by eighteen, contained four pages with four columns in each page, each column two and one half inches by fifteen. It was published semi-monthly, and the subscription price was two dollars per annum. After the fourth number Mr. SUYDAM withdrew his connection with the paper and it

was continued by Mr. ELLIS alone until the twenty-first number, on the 27th of June, 1835, when CHARLES C. P. ARNDT was associated with Mr. ELLIS, and continued the connection through the second volume. Owing mainly to the difficulty of obtaining materials and skilled labor, the publication was suspended from April 16, 1834, to August 2d, and again from August 21, 1834, to April 9, 1835, with the exception of one number, October 9, 1834. The first volume, No. 26, was completed September 5, 1835.

The second volume was commenced as a weekly by Messrs. ELLIS and ARNDT September 12, 1835, and continued with much greater regularity.

About the first of August, 1835, a new weekly paper of somewhat larger dimensions appeared, published by WILLIAM STEVENSON, under the title of Wisconsin Free Press.

After the second volume of the Intelligencer and Democrat, the paper passed into the control of CHARLES C. SHOLES, by whom it was greatly enlarged, and edited and published under the title of Wisconsin Democrat.

Subsequently, commencing in October, 1842, the Green Bay Republican was published by HENRY O. SHOLES.

In 1830 the Indian agency was fixed at this place, under Major BREVOORT. The erection of a church edifice and school building by the Roman Catholics in charge of Father GABRIEL RICHARD soon followed. Father RICHARD was afterward the Delegate in Congress for Michigan Territory. A few years subsequently, commencing in 1832, Navarino and Astor below, and Depere above, absorbed the trade, as well as the inhabitants of Shantytown, and its existence was only in name.

Mr. BAIRD in his "Recollections" published in the 4th Vol. of the Coll. of St. Hist. Soc., p. 197, says:

"There were in 1824 at Green Bay but six or eight resident American families, and the families of the officers stationed at Fort Howard, in number about the same. The character of the people was a compound of civilization and primitive simplicity exhibiting the light and lively characteristics of the French and the thoughtlessness and improvidence of the Aborigines. Possessing the virtues of hospitality, and the warmth of heart unknown to residents of cities; untrammelled by the etiquet and conventional rules of modern 'high life,' they were ever ready to receive and entertain their friends and more intent upon the enjoyment of the present than to lay up store or make provision for the future. They deserve to be remembered and placed on the pages of history, as the first real pioneers of Wisconsin."

EBENEZER CHILDS arrived at Green Bay in May, 1820, being then twenty-three years of age. He was a carpenter.

In 1821 he went to St. Louis in a bark canoe by the Fox and Wisconsin Rivers, and returned by the Illinois and Chicago Rivers. JOHN P. ARNDT and family came to the Bay about 1825, and in 1827 he and Col. CHILDS built a saw-mill on the Oconto river. The same year Col. CHILDS with a son of Judge ARNDT, went to the southern part of Illinois, where they bought a drove of 262 cattle, of which they succeeded in driving 210 safely to Green Bay. In 1829 Col. CHILDS was appointed Sheriff of Brown county, and held the office until 1836, when he resigned it and was elected to the Territorial Legislature. He was repeatedly re-elected. In 1852 he removed to La Crosse where he spent the remainder of his days.

Gen. ALBERT G. ELLIS, who was born August 24, 1800, arrived at Green Bay the 1st of September, 1822. For about six years he was engaged in teaching school, at the same time performing the services of the Episcopal church as a lay reader. In 1828 he was appointed Deputy U. S. Surveyor and surveyed the private land claims at the Grand Kaukalin, and the Williams' grant at the Little Kaukalin, and at a future day was largely engaged in surveying the public lands.

Gen. ELLIS, who in connection with JOHN V. SUYDAM commenced the publication of the first newspaper printed within the present limits of Wisconsin, was a member of the first and of several subsequent Territorial Legislatures and was elected speaker in 1842-3. In 1838, he was appointed by President Van Buren, Surveyor General of Wisconsin and Iowa. When a Land Office was established at Stevens Point in 1853, he was appointed Receiver of Public Moneys and removed to that place where he has ever since lived.

JAMES DUANE DOTY came to Detroit in 1818. In 1820 in company with Governor CASS, he went on an expedition to the sources of the Mississippi River. On the 20th of January, 1823, an act of Congress was passed "to provide for the appointment of an additional Judge for the Michigan Territory." Mr. DOTY was appointed to this office by President MONROE. In the fall of 1823 he went to Prairie du Chien for the purpose of making it his residence, and remained there until the following May term of his court. During that time he procured the establishment of a post-office there and was appointed postmaster.

Judge Dory removed to Green Bay in 1824, and continued to reside there until 1841, when, having been appointed Governor of the Territory, he removed to Madison where he lived until 1844, when he was succeeded by N. P. Tallmadge and removed to Doty's Island, between Neenah and Menasha. In 1861, he was appointed Superintendent of Indian Affairs for Utah, where he immediately removed. He was subsequently appointed Governor of that Territory, and continued to reside there until his death on the 13th of June, 1865.

Judge Dory was repeatedly elected Delegate in Congress for the Territory of Wisconsin, and was appointed Governor of the Territory in 1841. After the admission of the State into the Union, he was twice elected a member of the House of Representatives. He was a member from Winnebago county of the convention which framed the first constitution.

MORGAN L. MARTIN came to Green Bay in 1827 where he has ever since resided; he was a lawyer of distinction, and more recently Judge of the County Court of Brown county with civil jurisdiction. He was for many years a member of the Territorial Legislature, and in 1845 was elected Delegate in Congress for the Territory. He was a member and President of the convention which framed the present constitution of the State, and has since been a member of the State Legislature.

Green Bay owed much of its progress and prosperity to the citizens whom we have particularly mentioned; as it did also to many others who are not specifically named.

CHAPTER VIII.

PRAIRIE DU CHIEN.

The time of the first settlement, and even of the first visitation, of Prairie du Chien, by any white man, is involved in uncertainty.

It is presumed that HENNEPIN, in 1680, was the first civilized human being to behold this site of rare natural beauty. It could not have escaped his notice; but as he makes no mention of it, the inference is legitimate that it was not then occupied even as an Indian village.

It is not remarkable that MARQUETTE and JOLIET, in their descent of the Wisconsin river into the Mississippi, in 1673, should not have visited or seen it, as it was three or four miles above the route they must have taken, and obscured from their view by the trees and vegetation upon the bank and islands of the Wisconsin river.

It would seem that there was a military post on the Mississippi, near the Wisconsin river, as early as 1689-probably at Prairie du Chien-as the official document of the French taking possession of the Upper Mississippi, by NICHOLAS PERROT, May 8, 1689, has among the witnesses "Monsieur DE BORIEGUILLOT, commanding the French in the neighborhood of the Ouiskonche, on the Mississippi."

It is stated by Rev. ALFRED BRUNSON, "as well as I (he) can ascertain," that the first settlement at Prairie du Chien was made by a trader or hunter, whose name was CARDINELLE, who, with his wife, came from Canada in 1726, and made a small farm. The tradition about this settlement, so far as relates to the date, is very questionable.

After the death of this man, the date of which is not known, his wife was again and repeatedly married, and finally died at this place as recently as 1827, and is supposed to have attained the great age of one hundred and thirty years.

The name of the next settler, according to Dr. BRUNSON, was GANIER, whose descendants still remain there.

About the year 1737 a French trading post was established, and a stockade built around the buildings to protect them from the Indians, and occasionally a voyageur got married and settled down on a piece of land; but little progress or

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