be missed, who, although British, as Burns, Lever, and the Kingsleys, have little or no association with London; while others have not been included, because, like Blake, they may be better known as painters, or, like Garrick, more famous as actors than as men of letters. These will find place, perhaps, in succeeding volumes, to be devoted to the artistic and dramatic memories of the metropolis. Living writers, of course, are not mentioned at all.

For the convenience of those interested in any particular writer, it has been thought best to arrange the work in the alphabetical sequence of the authors' names, and not topographically or chronologically, as is the ordinary plan; and to add to the interest, an attempt has been made to let the different subjects of the work speak for themselves, or to let their contemporaries speak for them, wherever it is possible so to do, giving in every instance in the margin the authorities quoted.

It is hoped that the full indices, local as well as personal, will enable the general reader to find, in any particular part of the town, what appeals to him most, and show him what is within his reach, no matter where he may be. By means of these, for example, it will be very easy, in walking with Johnson and Boswell from the club in Gerard Street through Long Acre and Bow Street, to Tom Davies's shop in Russell Street, Covent Garden, to call by the way on Dryden, Wycherley, Waller, Fielding, Charles Lamb, and Evelyn; to stop for refreshments at Will's or Button's or Tom's with Steele, Addison, Colley Cibber, Pepys, Davenant, and Pope; and going a step or two further to utter a silent prayer perhaps in the Church of St. Paul, Covent Garden, for the repose of the souls of Butler, Wycherley, Mrs. Centlivre, and 'Peter Pindar,' who sleep within its gates.

April 7, 1885.

L. H.

LITERARY LANDMARKS OF LONDON.

JOSEPH ADDISON.

1672-1719.

ALTHOUGH Addison wrote his name strongly and

clearly in the literature and politics of England in the eighteenth century, and although he was closely identified with London, the traces he has left of his actual presence in the metropolis are few and slight.

Concerning his London homes, until his marriage in 1716 and settlement in Holland House, his biographers are strangely silent, and but little is to be gathered from the gossip of his contemporaries. It is only known that he lived in the Haymarket, in Kensington Square, in St. James's Place, St. James's Street, at Fulham, and at Chelsea.

His earliest associations with London were with the Charter House School, to which, after studying under his father's eye at Lichfield and Salisbury, he was sent as a private pupil. Here he was carefully drilled in the classics, and here too he first made the acquaintance of Steele, with whom in after years he was so intimately connected. The Charter House School stood, through many generations of boys, in Charter House Square, Smithfield. In 1872 those portions of the grounds which belonged to the school itself were transferred to the Merchant Taylors' Company, by whom new school-buildings were erected; but the Charter

1

House proper remained in 1885, as in Addison's day, with its chapel and cloisters, and its Pensioner's Hall, the home of the Poor Brethren, so familiar to all readers of "The Newcomes.'

Addison left the Charter House in 1687 to enter Queen's College, Oxford; but he returned to London in 1703, and found lodgings in the Haymarket.

D'Israeli's

Pope was one day taking his usual walk with Harte in the Haymarket, when he desired him to enter a little shop, Literary where, going up three pairs of stairs into a small room, Pope said, 'In this garret Addison wrote his

Characters.

"Campaign.":

There is, unfortunately, no hint given by Pope, or by any of Addison's biographers, as to the position or number of Addison's Haymarket home. His mode of life at this period, however, is thus described :

Lucy Aikin's

son, chap. vii.

We find it to have been the custom of Addison to be scarcely ever unprovided of some retreat in the immediate neighborhood of London, where he might employ his evenings and Life of Addi- his leisure hours in study and the labor of composition; a satisfactory refutation of the injurious account given by Spence, on the authority of Pope, which represents him as habitually passing his evenings, often far into the night, in coffee-houses and taverns with a few convivial and obsequious companions. Sandy End, a hamlet of Fulham, was at this time [1707] his country retirement. He appears to have occupied apartments in a lodging or boarding house established at this place, whence several of the published letters of Steele are dated, written at times when he seems to have been the guest of Addison.

Esmond,

book iii.

When the time came to leave, Esmond marched Thackeray's homeward to his lodgings, and met Mr. Addison on the road, walking to a cottage which he had at Fulham, the moon shining on his handsome serene face. What cheer, brother?' says Addison, laughing. I thought it was

chap. ix.