42
REVIEW OF BOOKS.

Jan. riate of Naples. One of the king's length; and, for dispatch, not waitcoaches attended him every evening ing for the cleaning his pencils, would to carry him out; and further still, lay on the colours with his finger. the king married his daughters to Nobody ever painted so much as Luca, gentlemen of his court, bestowing on not even excepting Tintoret. Two them good places for portions. After Neapolitans having sat for their picCharles II's death in 1709, King tures, never thought of sending for Philip retained him in his service to them when they were finished : jordago on with those great works he had no, having waited a great while withbegun; and his stay being so long in out hearing from them, painted an Spain, his wife, then at Naples, on a ox's head on one, and put a Jew's false

report, believed him dead; to cap on the other, and placed a suit of undeceive her, he painted himself on cloaths on his arms, and exposed them a card, and sent her his picture by the to view in this manner; on the news poft. Luca was the innocent cause of of which they hastened away with mothe death of Carlo Dolce. This ney in their hands, and begged him painter used to finish his works with to efface the ridicule that was annexed too much labour, and was constant to their pictures. Luca loved his in working to a great age, and not be- disciples, touched up their works ing inriched, died with chagrin, on with great readiness, and gave them Luca's reproaching him with the loss many of his designs with pleasure. of so much time. When Luca re. His generosity was great : He made turned to Naples, all persons were presents of altar-pieces to churches eager to have his works. The jesuits, that were not in a state to purchase who had bespoke a picture of St. them. He painted the cupola of St. Francis Xavier, complained to the vice- Bridget, for his reputation, gratis ; roy that he would not finish it, and, by a particular dexterity, that though it ought to be placed on the roof, which is rather flat,“ seems altar of that faint on his festival, very much elevated, by the lightwhich was just at hand: Luca, find- ness of the clouds which terminate ing himself pressed on all fides, paint the perspective. Though his humour ed this picture in a day and a half. was gay, he always spoke well of his Oftentimes he painted a Virgin hold. brother painters; and received the ing a Jesus; and, without any reft hints that were given him on his own in an hour's time, would finish a half works with great docility.

An IMPARTIAL REVIEW of NEW PUBLICATIONS.

between a great Man and a fair Citizen- only equaled by the execut on of it. It is vi. In a Series of Letters from a Lady near St. fibly dictated by the same spirit which Jamei's to ber Friend in i be Country-js. Binge breathes in the two preceding articles, and as key.

a specimen of our author's abilities, the tol. Every subject which engrosses the attention lowing lines are selected for the considerating of the public, is a delicious meal for the of our readers. hungry sons of Grub-Arcet; and this lady of Cou'd he vomov'd behold a maid in tears, quality is mof probably some needy pen from With fofiel words afaul his callow ears, that celebrated quarter, who is engaged to Call on ibe biapens, ber parents, and be give a lare remarkable transaction an air of friends, consequence. The impofirion is however Tochange his purpose and defeat his ends i too glaring, and, we dare lay, general con- Intreal, implore, beg. fupplicate, and pray tempt will be the author's portion where he Or me nuces with trembling congue convey; is read, instead of general approbation. Wring ber fuir hands, and tear her lovely Memoirs of ibe Svraglio of rbe Bashaw of Mer.

hair riland. By a discarded Sukana, pr. 16. 6d. And beat her breast wiib sorrow and despair? Bladon.

Could he see this, and not compaGion show Another froke of bookselling on the fore- Did no fott teeling, in his bofom glow ? going occalion, and executed with an equal Aman of bonour would bave felt more joy, Have of abilitier.

Tu recompence such virtue than destroy. Toe Rape a Poem, bumbly inscribed eneb? Iadies, And for her chattity admir'd ber more, pr. ds, Steare. 1 hu selicacy of interibing a Thas the astradions be admir'd before.

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1768.

MAKARONY FABLES. An Apology for Lord Bom with ar Address to been totally forgotten, and was he even reebe Town, pr. 6d. Flexney.

membered, his arguments conld excite nothing A despicable catchpeany, like the other but the universal ridicule of the pubříc. kimsey productions relative to the conduct of

The Contraft, or ebe dying Profligare, and be the nobleman alluded to in the title page. dying Cbriflian, in two Poetical Ejays, by Da

Makarony Fables; witb obe new Fable of ibe niel Turner, Robinson pr. 6d. Bees. In ravo Cantos: Addroffed to obe Society. By These little pieces seem to be the effufion Cosmo, Merbogelastick Profesor and F. M. S. of a good heart, and a sound understanding, Almon, pr. 25. 60.

but the author cannot be reckoned a poet of Thele fables are written chiefly in a very first rate abilities. -His versification however irregular measure, and are also of a political is frequently pretty, though it is not nervous, tendency–The author is a man of Sense, and as to the tendency of his work he has but the whimsical nature of bis verfificacion, fufficiently declared it in his title page. readering his numbers frequently extremely The Birth of the Jefuirs a Poem, in bree uncouth, there is no poflibility of deciding Books, by George Marriott, 2s. 6d. Flexney. with certainty on his poetical abilities-For Mr. Marriott, though he is far from defe the readers satisfaction however we have fe- picable as a poet, in this work leems chiefly lected the following tale, which is as litile desirous of recommending himself as a prodisjointed in the verse as any in the per- testant to his orthodox readers - The whole formance,

force of his muse is bent againf the church A TALE.

of Rome, whose persecutions he exclaims How many years it was ago,

against with an honeft indignation, and we To ascertain I don't engage ;

should not be surprized, if some zealous advoNor in what reign, I only know,

cate for the papal fee was to give a taming It happened in the golden age.

aoswer to his performance. But thongh we Upon the second thus it ftands,

think Mr. Marriott is not by any means the Two worthy ministers combin'd;

most indifferent writer of his time, yet if we To play into each others hands,

were inclined to criticise, we could point out To cheat and puzzle all mankind ;

several intances where he has been extremely The filly people were cajold;

negligent in his numbers, and where an ill. And all their tricks went glibly down ; natured critic would be apt to treat him with At length one of them grew so bold, severity, for example He laid his hands upon the crown ;

“ I see the godhead, in his essence one, And with more bravery than labour,

“ For idols chang'd, and driven from his Handed it to his crafty neighbour ;

throne" When you say crown you often mean, The firft of these lines though clear enough The owner whether king or queen ; in its religious sense, borders nevertheless, upJa such a case you may believe,

on a blunder in its grammatical acceptation ; The priest would pray, the layman (wear, and as for the laft, it is deficient a foot in the A few wou'd laugh, and some wou'd grieve, meature, unless we read changed as a word And many want to hang this pair ;

of two syllables, which instead of encreasing I have him not, by heav'n, says Jobs! its harmony will materially add to its diffoI steal, cries Will, a likely thing! nance. The following lines are absolutely Scol'n or stray'd, however gone,

prose notwithstanding their metrical termiIt was not me that stole your king.

nation, Thưs usd to puzzle and confound them, Who think it serves no great important end This nation's fury soon was pafl'd;

The protestant religion to defend. The people left them as they found them, and these belides running into a pleonasm conForc'd to appeal to heaven at last ;

tain as miserable an anti-climax as ever disFortune was seldom known so crols, graced the alphabet, Few disappointments are compleater,

What countries wasted! wealthy towns unTo lose their king was a great loss,

done! Not to recover him a greater.

Empires betray'd, and lofty towers o'er. TbeatricalEntertainments confiftent wirb Society, thrown! Morality, and Religion, in a Letter to ibe Aulbor To speak of a wealthy town being undone of obe stage, tbe bigb Road to Hell, fpewing, after a whole country has been wasted, is ibar writer's Arguments to be fallacious, bis more calculated to raise the laughter than the Principles entbufiaftic, and bis Autborities (pur- pity of a sensible reader ; and to mention the ticularly from ibe Antienis) mifconfirueted and fall of a lofty tower as a misfortune after an perverted, witb a Counter-Dedication toobe Rev. empire has been betrayed, argues an auther Mr. Madan. Baker.

to be litile conversant with, or little attentive This little piece is dedicated to Mr. Gar- to the fundamental principles of poetry. rick and Mr. Colman, and has but one Tbowgbis, Elays, and Maxims, cbiefly Ree principal fault, which is, its being wholly ligious and Political. By Charles Howard, E/93 unne e/Tary. The enthusiast whom the of Greylock in Cumberland, author takes the trouble to answer, has long The author of the little wo.k before us is,

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Ε Τ Υ Μ Ο Ν Ο F

Jan. we believe, heir presumptive to his grace great abilities could give into such a puerile the duke of Norfolk, and it is with pleasure conceit. But had Buchanan confidered prowe les gentlemen of such expectations mani- perly his native tongue, he would have found fering a partiality for science, and shewing that caultin and not colden fignifies a hazel themielves proud of obtaining a literary cha- tree ; and that there is no fach a word as racter from their countrymen.-As to the calden to be met with in the Galic language merit of Mr. Howard's pieces, though it is Dr. Lloyd, bishop of St. Afaph, derives not fufficient to rank him with the molt Caledonia from cilydien a British word fignieminent ellayirts in our language, it is fying borderers. The Caledonians, fays inac however sufficient to prevent him from be- learned prelate, bordered on the Roman pio. ing numbered with the most indifferent, and vince of Bri:ain, and therefore were with though his sentiments are not in many places great propriety called borderers. The bishop new, it is but justice to acknowledge, that did not consider that the boundaries of the in most they are pretty sensible. As a speci- province were often changed. If we suppose of his manner we have selected the following the wall constructed by Adrian marked out maxims for the encertainment of our readers; the limits of the Roman empire in Britain, Dot because we think them the best in his then the Brigantes, Otradini, and Mæatæ, production, but because their shortness renders had a much better title to the name of bore them more proper for the nature of our pub. derers than the Caledonians. If the wall licacion.

built by Antoninus P us is to be looked upon Maxims. A good preacher or oratos, if as the bouc dary of the province, then it do he has good sense and judgment (and without turally should follow, that the Caledoniana these effential requisites it is almost impoffible did not require the name of elsdien or her, to be one) will adapt his fermon and discourse derers, till after the construction of that wall, to the underkandings and fituation of his 10- But the patrage mentioned from Lucan proves, dience; otherwise be will do very liccle service that the name of Caledonians made fome and convey little satisfaction, but on the noise in the world as early as the reign of contrary only expose his own vanity.

Nero. Thus the bishop's ety non oí CaiędoA man by conversation willsarely convince nia fa'ls to the ground. another upon any point, of which he is not Camden, one of the beft Antiquaries that convinced himself: From the heart not the the world ever produced, has endeavoured to tongue proceeds conviêlion.

give the etymon of Caledonia. Kaled, obli is better to read the good sense of a ju. ierves that learned writer, is a British word, dicious author, than to preach one's own non- which signifies bard. In the plural number teníe though never in well intended; but it makes Kabdien, and hence proceeds Calethere are men who do the latter, when va- donis, that is, a people bardy, rougb, uncivirity and ignorance are united, which is lized, as northern nations generally are ; ofto the case.

people fierce in their temper from the exCrirical Djeviations on the Origin, Anti- treme coldness of their climate ; a people quiries, Language, Government, Manners, bolù, forward, and intrepid. from the abune 2nd Religion, of be ancient Caledonians, dance of their bload. tbeir Pojcicy ibe Piets, and the British The severity of this observation on the nag and Iriih scois. By John Macpherson, D. D. tional character of the Caledonians does not Minifier of Slate in ihe Isle of Sky. Becket at all favour the etymon produced by Camden.

This is a work of great meric, and will, If the name of Kaledien was first framed by we dare say, bave an immediere admittance the Britons of the South, it may he juftly to the libraries of the curious --- In the be- queßioned whether they themselves before kirning of it the author endeavours to refute the reign of Nero were less bard, rougó, and a popular enior, which bas been so long elta- uncivilized, than their neighbours of the bithed, relative to the Sco's being descended north, or, of course, less intitled to that from the Irish, and we think his endeavour name. But, as every thing that falls from lo is not allogether unsuccessful; but as some juftly celebrated a writer makes a great im. specimen of his abilities may be necessary, we preffion; i confess this etymon had such weight bere give an extract from what he says upon with me, that I long confidered the word this subject for the eniertainment of our kaled as the root of Caledonii, this led me fur. readers,

ther into the subject; and I submit to the " Antiquaries are much divided about the world, with great deference to the great etymology of Caledonia. Buchanan, though merit of Camden, the additihnal observaa native of ihe Highlands, and of course con- tions I have made. verlant with the Galic language, is not bappy Kaled in both the antient British and Galic in his conjectures on that fubject. Calden languages signifies burd, in both theie lanaccording to him, signiñes a hazel tice, from guages in or yn fignifies a country. From thence proceeds the famous Caledonian forest, the monofyllable in comes the diminu'ive and the name of Caledonia. It is amazing innis, which in the Welch and Galic is of 19 observe, how a man of his learning and the fame import with the English word ifand, $

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1768.

The Appellation Caledonians.

45 by joining Kaled and in together we have the couatry; To the north of the Firth the caledin, of rough and mountainous country; fame writer affigns the respective places to which is exactly the fignification of Alba Caledonii, Epidii, Carini, Canta, Loge, and the only name by which the highlanders dis. feveral other small tribes. Without inhifting tinguish Scotland to this day.-This etymon upon the probability that Ptolemy, an Egypof Caledonia is at leaft plaufible: but I must tian, was not so minutely acquainted with confess that the derivation given by Mr. the internal state of Britain as he pretende, Macpherson, the translator of the poems of at a time when the north of Europe, was to Ofian, is more fimple and natural.

little known to men of letters, we shall take - The highlanders, as he juftly observes, it for granted that all those nations he mencall themielves Caöle Thac divifion of tions were of the same original; and to avoid

Scotland which they possess they universally confufion, I shall, for the future, comprehend call Csë dock, that is to fay, the country them all under the general name Caledonians, of the Caël or Celces. The Romans by a Tacitus divides the inbabitants of Britain transposition of the letter 1 in Caël, and into three chaffes; the Caledonians, Silures changing the harsh sb of docb into an harmo- and those who inhabited the coast next to nious termination, formed the name of Ca. Gaul; he endeavours to trace those three padedonia. From this etymon arises an obser- tions to others on the continent, from whom he vation, of which we thall make use in the supposed they had derived their origin. The fequel of these differtations,

Caledonians, he concludes, from the fize of During the invasions of the Romans we their bodies, and the colour of their hair, find many other tribes beldes the Caledo- were of a Germanic extraction. Though it nians and Meatz in tbe north of Britain ; must be confessed that the conclusion is far though probably they were no more than from being decisive from those two circumSubdivisions of those two illuftrious nations, tances; yet there are many collateral arguEvery one of those tribes were governed by mento to corroborate the opinion of that bifan independant chief or petty king. la Cetorian. These, in fone future difiertation I far's time, there were no less than four fuch may throw together, and leave the whole to chieftains in Kent, and each of them vefted the judgment of tắc public. with regal authority. The political govern

This the author has done in a Differ. ment of Caledonia was, in Domitian's reigntarion, intitled, A Parallel between the Camuch the same with that of Kent during Ca. ledonians and ancient Germans, which is far's proconfulihip.

printed in this work. When the tribes of North Britain were Ar Ejay upon Prints, containing Remarks attacked by the Romans they entered into upor ebe Principles of picturesque Beauty, the atíociations that by uniting their ftrength, different kinds of Prints, and be Cbaratters they might be the more able to repel the of the most noted Maffers; illustrated by Criticommon enemy, the particular name of that eismi on particular Pieces ; so wbicb are added, tribe, which, either its fuperior power, or some Cautions tbat may be useful in colle&ting military reputation placed at the head of the Prines, Robson, offociation, was the general name given by This is an ingenious performance, and well the Romans to all the confederates.

worth the perosal of every person who is Hence it is that the Mæatæ and Caledo- fond of primts.--lo che variety of the author's nians have ingroffed all the glory which be- observations we are al nost at a loss from Jonged in common, though in an inferior de- what part to make an extract, but as the folgree, to all the other nations settled of old lowing remarks on the different kinds of in North Britain; it was for the same reason prints seem rather more likely to affist a purthat the name of Mwatæ was entirely forgot- chafer of such performances than any other, ten by foreiga writers after the third century, we fhall, on that account, feleet them for and, that of the Caledonians themselves the information of the public. is but seldom mentioned after the fourth. " There are three kinds of prints; en

The Mæatæ, we have already observed, gravings, etcbings, and Metzotintos. The were one of those tribes who were settled to characteristic of the firt is Arengtb, of the fethe fouth of the Clyde and the Forth. cond freedom, and of the third softness, all Ptolemy places the Gadeni, Salgotæ, Novan- these however may in some degree be found ten, and Dampii, in the same diyifion of the in each.

Tbat ebis is tbe proper fignification of Alba sball be fhown in tbe fequel of the differtations. If the etymon giver bere of Caledonia should appear a just one, I shall make no difficulty in suppojing ibat ibe Calydonia of Greece is derived from ebe same Celtic source, Ærdia, of wbicb the Gre cian Calydonia roas a part, was a very mountainous country: Tbrce mountains in particular ibere, Jupbrofus, Chalcit, and Corase, were according to Serabo immensely bigb, sbe face of the country wat very rugged, and tbe inbabitants bardy. Homer gives tbe cbar såleriftical cpitber, of truly in Calydon; to topical of that country.--Hom, Ilind Xi, ver. 649.

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ESSAY UPON PRINT 3.

: Jan. It is a rare thing to meet with a print en- improved than either of its fifer arts; some of direly engraved which is free from finness; a the earliest etcbings are perhaps the best, ecbebrated master of our own, indeed, hath and engraving, hince the time of Goltrius and found the art of giving freedom to the Atroke Muller, hath nor perhaps made any very of a graver; and hath displayed great force of great advances, but Metzotinto, compared execucion upon works by no means worthy of with its original state, is at this day almost him :

: as if be were determined to thew the a new art, if we examine some of the mo. world he could stamp a value upon any thing. dern pieces of workmanship in this way, the But such artists are rarely found. Mere en- Jewish Rabbi; the portrait of Mrs. Lascelles gravers in general are liide better than mere with a child on her knee: Mr. Garrick bemecbanics.

tween tragedy and comedy: and several other In etcbing we have a greater variety of ex- prints, by some of our beft Metzotinto scrapers, cellent prints, the case is, it is so much the they almost as much exceed the works of Same as drawing, that we have the very works White and Smith, as thosc mafters did Becthemselves of the most celebrated matters, ket and Simons. many of whom have left behind them prints The characteristic of Metzotinto is fofiness, in this way which however flight and incor- which adapts it chiefly to portrait or history, seå, will always have something mafterly, with a few figures, and these not too small; and, of courle, beautiful in them.

nothing except paint can express felh more In the muscling of human figures of any naturaliy, or the flowing of hair, or the folds considerable fize, engraving hath undoubted- of drapery, or the catching lights of armour. ly the advantage of etching; the soft and de- In engraving and etching we must get over hicate tsanhtions from light to fhade wbich the prejudices of cross lines which exit in no are there required, cannot be so well expres natural bodies, but Metzotinto gives us the fed by the needle; and in general terge Arongest representation of a surface. If howprints require a ftrength which etcbing cannot cver the figures are too crowded it wants give, and are therefore fit objects of en- frength to detach the several parts with a prograving.

per relief, and, if they are very small, it Ercbing, on the other hand, is more par- wants precision, which can only be given by ticularly adapted to ketehes and flight de- an outline; or, as in painting, by a different figns, which, if executed by an engraver, tint. The unevennefs of the ground will would entirely lose their freedom, and with occasion bad drawing, aukwardness in the exi it their beauty. Landskip too is the object of tremities especially. Some inferior artists etebing. The foliage of trees, ruins, sky, have endeavoured to remedy this by termi. and indeed every part of landskip requires the nating their figures with an engraved or etched nimoft freedom; in finishing an etcbed land- line: but they have tried the experiment fkip with the tool (as it is called) too much with bad success. The ftrength of the line, care cannot be taken to prevent heavinels. and the softness of the ground, accord in The foregrounds may require a few strong together. I speak not here of such a judicious touches, and the boles of such trees as are mixture of etebiny and Metzotinto as While placed upon them, and here and there a few formerly used, and such as our best Metzo. barmonizing Arokes will add to the effect, tinto scrapers at present use, to give a frengih out if the engraver ventures much farther, to a particular part ; I speak only of a harsh, he has good luck if he does no mischier, and injudicious lineal termination.

An engraved plate, unless it be cut very Metzotinto excels each of the other species Highuy, will cast of five hundred good im- of prints in its capacity of receiving the most presfioss; an atched onc will not give above beautiful erfeets of light and shade: 38 is ewo hundred, unless it be eaten very deep; can the most happily unite them by blending and then it may perhaps give three hundred, them together.-Oi this Rembrandt seems to after that the plate mett be retouched, or the have been awarc; he had probably seca some of impression will be faint.

the firft Metzotintos; and admiring the ef. Besides the common method of engraving fe&, endeavoured to produce it in etching by on copper, we have prints engraved on pewter a variety of intersecting scratches. and on wood; the pewter plate gives a coarse. You can not well calt off more than an hug. ness and dirtiness to the print which is disa dred good impressions from a Metzotinto plate, greeable, but engraving upon wood is capable the rubbing of the hand loon wears it smooth, of great beauty. Of this species of engraving and yet by constantly repairing it, it may be more thall be faid.

made to give four or five hundred with tole. Merzotinto is very different from either rable strength. The first impreffions are not al. engraving or etebing. In these you make the ways the beft, they are too blick and harsh. Soades in Metzotinco tbe ligbes.

You will commonly have the beft impressions Since the time of its invention by prince from the fiftieth to tbe leventieth : the harika Rupert, as is commonly suppoled, the art edges will be fofined down, and yet there of Scsaping Meisotintos is greatly more will be spirit and frength enough lett.

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