Ethelfleda, the Lady of the Mercians, sister of Edward, fortifies Chester. War with the Northmen renewed. Edward recaptures London. Edward fortifies Hertford and Witham. 907. 910. 912. 913. 914. 917. 918. 919. 921. 922. 923. 924. 925. 926. 937. 940. 945. 946. 955. 956. 957. Ethelfleda fortifies Tamworth and Stafford. fortifies Warwick. defeats the Welsh. captures Derby. Leicester surrenders to Ethelfleda, and the men of York make a treaty with her. She dies at Tamworth. Mercia is annexed to Wessex. Edward captures Bedford. East Anglia and Essex submit to Edward. Edward captures Stamford. The district south of the Humber submits (a). The North Welsh seek Edward for lord. Edward advances into Northumbria and captures Manchester. The Scots, Northumbrians, and Strathclyde Welsh choose Edward Edward is succeeded by Athelstan. ATHELSTAN, 925-940 (15 YEARS). The Cornishmen, Scots, South Welsh, and Northumbrians swear faithfulness to Athelstan at Earnot. Anlaf, with Northmen from Ireland, joined by Constantine, King of Scots, and by the Strathclyde Welsh, is defeated at Brunanburh by Athelstan. Athelstan (b) is succeeded by his half-brother Edmund. EDMUND, 940-946 (6 YEARS). Edmund conquers Cumberland and gives it to Malcolm, king of Edmund is succeeded by his brother Edred. Rise of Dunstan. EDRED, 946-955 (9 YEARS). Edred is succeeded by Edwy (son of Edmund), whose younger brother Edgar is underking in Mercia. EDWY, 955-959 (4 YEARS). Dunstan is banished. All England north of Thames revolts and chooses Edgar to be king in his own right, who recalls Dunstan. 962. Otto the Great, King of Germany, is crowned Emperor at Rome. 975. The Danes, now separated from the other Northmen of Norway and Sweden, have to do homage to the Emperor Otto II. 984. Brian Boru becomes supreme king in Ireland. 1014. The Northmen are defeated at the battle of Clontarf, the turning-point of their conquests in Ireland,_but the death of Brian Boru plunges the country into anarchy. 959. 960. 966. 973. 975. 979. 980. 988. 991. 994. 1000. 1002. 1003. 1007. 1008. 1011. 1012. 1013. 1014. 1015. 1016. EDGAR, 959-975 (16 YEARS). Edwy dies, and Edgar is chosen king of all the English. Edgar divides Northumbria, and grants Lothian to Kenneth, King The triumph of Edgar at Chester. [Edgar's Ordinance of the Hundred and other Laws, 959-975.] Edgar is succeeded by his son Edward. EDWARD, 975-979 (4 YEARS). [Struggle of the secular clergy and the feudal lords of the south of England against the monks and the yeomen of the north.] Ethelred, his half-brother, is chosen king Edward is murdered. at the age of ten. ETHELRED II., 979-1016 (37 YEARS). The invasions of the Northmen begin again, and continue for thirty-six years. Dunstan dies. Battle of Maldon. Northmen victorious, Danegeld paid (ten thousand pounds) by decree of the Witan, for the first time. Sweyn, King of the Danes, and Anlaf, King of the Norwegians, attack London, receive money (sixteen thousand pounds) and food, and pass the winter at Southampton. Anlaf returns to his own country. Ethelred ravages Cumberland. Ethelred marries as his second wife Emma, daughter of Richard Tribute (twenty-four thousand pounds) is paid to the Danes. Sweyn in revenge invades England again. Edric Streona is made alderman of Mercia. Tribute (thirty-six thousand pounds) is paid again. Money is collected to provide a fleet. Tribute (forty-eight thousand pounds) is paid again. Sweyn harries England. Ethelred flies to Normandy, and Sweyn Sweyn dies. The Danes choose Sweyn's son Canute, the English Canute attacks Wessex. Edric Streona goes over to him with Canute marches through Mercia to York. 1016. 1017. 1018. 1019. 1020. 1027. 1029. 1031. 1035. 1036. EDMUND, 1016 (7 MONTHS). The people of London choose Edmund, the rest choose Canute for king. Edmund leaves London, which is besieged by the Danes. Edmund collects an army. Battle of Pen Selwood. Danes defeated. Battle of Shirestone. Danes defeated. (Edmund relieves London.) Battle of Brentford. Danes defeated. (Edric Streona joins Edmund.) Battle of Assandun. Edmund defeated by the treachery of Edric Partition of England. Edmund has Wessex, Essex, and East CANUTE, 1017-1035 (18 YEARS) (a). Canute is chosen king. [See Summary: The Northmen in England, Canute marries Emma, widow of Ethelred. Edric Streona is put to death. Leofric becomes Earl of the Mercians. A Witan is held and Edgar's law renewed. Canute makes a pilgrimage to Rome, and is present at the corona- Canute returns to England. Canute goes to Scotland, and Malcolm submits to him as his overlord. Canute dies. HAROLD I., 1035-1040 (5 YEARS). Edward and Alfred, sons of Ethelred and Emma, come over from returns. |