Henry VI. ancestor of Edward IV. Henry IV. John, Duke of Bedford. Edmund, Duke of York, ancestor of Edward IV. Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester. 1314. Philip le Bel dies, and is succeeded by Louis X. 1315. Edward Bruce invades Ireland, obtains great successes over the colonists, and is joined (1316) by his brother, Robert Bruce. Louis X. dies, and is succeeded by Philip V. 1317. Robert Bruce returns to Scotland. 1318. Edward Bruce is defeated and killed in Ireland near Dundalk, but great anarchy follows the invasion. 1322. Philip V. of France dies, and is succeeded by Charles V. 1314. 1315. 1316. 1317. 1318. 1320. 1321. 1322. 1323. 1324. 1325. 1326. 1327. Edward invades Scotland. Battle of Bannockburn. The Edward is obliged to dismiss his chief officers, and their places are filled up by the nominees of Thomas of Lancaster, who now obtains the first place in the government. A year of great famine. The Scots ravage Northumberland. The Welsh rebel, but are quickly suppressed. A fresh invasion of Scotland is proposed. John XXII., now Pope, "reserves" the appointment of eighteen episcopal sees in England in the next seventeen years, in many cases playing into the hands of the king. Robert Bruce retakes Berwick and ravages Yorkshire. Lancaster refuses help against Scotland. This Hugh Despenser and his son come into power. Parliament at York with representatives from Wales, the only The wages of members of the House of Commons are fixed at 4s. a day Roger Mortimer escapes to France. The queen being in France about the affairs of Gascony, meets Roger Mortimer. Edward, Prince of Wales, goes to France to swear allegiance for the foreign dominions. The queen, Mortimer, and Edward, Prince of Wales, land in Suffolk. The elder Despenser is taken, and hanged at Bristol. The king endeavours to escape, but fails; he is captured with the younger Despenser. Despenser is hanged. Jan. 7. Parliament meets at Westminster. Bishop Orlton asks whether they will have father or son for king. They declare for the son (a). The allegiance of Parliament is withdrawn from the king. This is notified to Edward at Kenilworth, who accepts it. EDWARD III., 1327-1377 (50 YEARS) (b). Born 1312; Married, 1328, Phillippa of Hainault. Edward is proclaimed king. [The government is in the hands of Queen Isabella and Roger (c) These concessions were 1. That the accounts should be audited by auditors elected in Parliament. 2. That ministers are to be appointed by consultation between the king and his lords, and that when named they are to be sworn before the Parliament to keep the law. 3. That at the beginning of each parliament ministers are to resign their offices into the king's hands and be compelled to answer their complaints. The proceedings of the Parliament of 1341 are of very great significance; they very distinctly mark the acquisition by the Third Estate of its full share of parliamentary power" (Stubbs). 1341. Burgesses appear sitting in the Irish Parliament. 1343. The Ottoman Turks begin to form settlements in Europe. 1345. Jacob van Arteveldt killed at Ghent. Jeanne m. Charles of Blois. 1327. 1328. 1329. 1330. 1331. 1332. 1333. 1334. 1335. 1336. 1337. 1338. 1339. 1340. 1341. 1346. 1347. 1348. Mortimer.] Henry, Earl of Lancaster, holds the first place in the standing council appointed for the king. Sept. 21. Murder of King Edward II. Peace concluded with Scotland at Northampton. The complete independence of Scotland is recognised. Edward marries Phillippa of Hainault. Edward does homage for his lands in France. Execution of the Earl of Kent for a supposed plot against the government. Edward, supported by Henry of Lancaster, arrests Mortimer. His fall and execution. Edward again goes to France to do homage. The knights of the shire are first definitely recorded as deliberating apart from the lords and the prelates, and in the next year as sitting with the citizens and burgesses. An order for the collection of a tallage on the royal demesne is issued, Invasion of the Scots. Siege of Berwick and battle of Halidon Philip promises help to the Scots, and invades Gascony. The French attack Portsmouth (June) and Southampton (Octo- Edward embarks for Flanders. [Edward is in alliance with the states on the north-east of France.] Edward invades France unsuccessfully. Edward returns to England. Heavy taxation. June. Edward defeats the French fleet at Sluys. Truce for a year. Nov. Sudden return of Edward to England. Dismissal of Robert Robert Bourchier, the first lay chancellor, is appointed. Edward supports the claims of John de Montfort to the duchy of July. Edward invades Normandy and advances to Paris. He Aug. 26. Victory of Crecy. Oct. 17. Defeat of the Scots at Nevill's Cross. Capture of David II. The separate equitable jurisdiction of the Chancellor in the Court of |