661.

664.

668.

681.

685.

687. 688.

728.

731.

737.

752.

755.

757.

774.

777.

779.

786.

787.

796.

802.

825.

826.

827.

836.

837.

839.

847.

851.

Wulfhere, King of Mercia, ravages Wessex.
Conference of Welsh and Roman priests at the Synod of Whitby.
The Roman ritual and time for keeping Easter are adopted.
Arrival of Theodore of Tarsus, Archbishop of Canterbury, who
organizes the National Church.

Wilfrid, driven from the bishopric of York, converts the
South Saxons.

Egfrith, King of Northumbria, is defeated and killed by the Picts.
End of the Supremacy of Northumbria.
Death of Cuthbert, Bishop of Lindisfarne.

Ine becomes King of the West Saxons, and publishes his laws.
Ine dies at Rome.

The Venerable Bede finishes his History; and dies, 735.
Ethelbald of Mercia ravages Northumbria.

Cuthred, King of the West Saxons, defeats Ethelbald at Burford.
Sigebert, King of Wessex, is deprived of his throne by the Witan.
Supremacy of Mercia.

Offa becomes King of Mercia.

Offa defeats the men of Kent at Otford.

Offa defeats Cynewulf of Wessex at Bensington.

Offa makes his dyke, from the Dee to the Wye, to protect Shrewsbury and his other conquests from the Welsh.

Egbert, heir to the throne of Wessex, driven into exile by Brithric,
takes refuge with Charles the Great.

Lichfield is made an archbishopric with the leave of Pope Hadrian.
First Invasion of the Northmen.
Death of Offa.

EGBERT, 802-839 (37 YEARS) (a).

Egbert becomes King of the West Saxons.
Egbert defeats the Mercians at Ellandun.

Supremacy of Wessex.

The men of Kent, Sussex, Essex, and East Anglia submit to
Egbert.

Egbert conquers the Mercians, and the Northumbrians submit to
him. [See Summary: Gradual Union of England into One
Kingdom, p. 329.]

Egbert defeats the Northmen and West Welsh at Hengest's
Down, on the Cornish side of the Tamar.

Egbert is succeeded by his sons, Ethelwulf in Wessex as over-
lord, Ethelstan as underking of Kent, Sussex, and Essex.
Egbert dies, and is succeeded by his son Ethelwulf.

ETHELWULF, 839-858 (19 YEARS).

Ealstan, Bishop of Sherborne, and Osric defeat the Northmen at the mouth of the Parret.

Ethelwulf defeats the Northmen at the battle of Ockley in Surrey.

855.

856.

858.

860.

865. 866.

867.

868.

870.

871.

The Northmen for the first time remain over the winter in
Sheppey.
Ethelwulf on his return from Rome marries Judith, daughter of
Charles the Bald, King of the Franks.

Ethelwulf is succeeded by his son, Ethelbald.

ETHELBALD, ETHELBERT, AND ETHEL-
RED I., 858-871 (13 YEARS).

Ethelbald is succeeded by his brother Ethelbert.
The Northmen sack Winchester.

The Northmen ravage Kent.

Ethelbert is succeeded by his brother Ethelred.

The Northmen passing from East Anglia take York.
The Northmen take Nottingham.

The Northmen defeat and kill Edmund, King of East Anglia.
The Northmen invade Wessex.

Battle of Englefield, Northmen defeated.

Reading,
Ashdown,

Basing,

872.

875.

876.

877. 878.

879.

880. c. 890.

893.

897.

901.

905.

Ethelred is succeeded by his brother Alfred.

ALFRED, 871-901 (30 YEARS).

Battle of Wilton, Northmen victorious.

Peace between the Northmen and the West Saxons.
Peace between the Northmen and the Mercians.
Halfdene, the Northman, ravages Northumbria.
The Northmen apportion Northumbria.
The Northmen apportion Mercia.

The Northmen under Guthrum invade Wessex.
to Athelney.

Battle of Ethandun, English victorious.

Alfred retreats

Peace of Chippenham (or Wedmore) (a). England north of Watling Street is ceded to the Danes.

The Northmen apportion East Anglia.

Alfred issues his laws.

The Northmen defeated at Louvain, passing from Boulogne, ravage
England again, assisted by the new Northmen settlers.

[Much fighting all over England for four years.]

Alfred builds a new fleet and stops the invasions.
Alfred is succeeded by his son Edward the Elder.

EDWARD THE ELDER, 901-925 (24 YEARS).

Ethelwald, son of Ethelred I., rebels, and flies to the Northmen of Northumbria.

Ethelwald is killed in battle with the Kentishmen.