1484. Death of Richard's son, Edward, Prince of Wales. John de la Pole (a), Earl of Lincoln, declared heir to the throne. Death of the queen. Richard proposes to marry his niece, the Lady Elizabeth. 1485. Aug. 7. Henry, Earl of Richmond, having sailed from Harfleur, lands at Milford Haven. Aug. 22. Battle of Bosworth. killed. Richard is defeated and 1486. 1487. 1488. 1489. 1492. 1493. 1494. 1495. 1496. HENRY VII., 1485-1509 (24 YEARS). Born 1456; Married, 1486, Elizabeth of York. Henry goes to London and is crowned. crown on him and his heirs. Parliament entails the The son of Clarence, Edward Plantagenet, afterwards Earl of The king marries Elizabeth of York. Lambert Simnel (calling himself the Earl of Warwick, son of Clar- A new court is established for the trial of powerful offenders, which is Henry's troops which he has been compelled to send to the help of Brittany remain inactive, and Brittany is united to France by the marriage of Charles VIII. and Anne of Brittany (1491). Perkin Warbeck (calling himself Richard, Duke of York, son of Edward IV.) lands in Ireland, and is afterwards invited to the court of France. Money is raised by benevolences (b). Henry goes to France and besieges Boulogne. Treaty of Etaples. Henry receives a pension and returns. Warbeck goes to Flanders, where Margaret, Duchess of Burgundy, receives him as her nephew. Poynings' law is passed in Ireland. Part I. p. 322.] [See Summary: Ireland, Sir William Stanley is executed for conspiracy with Warbeck. Warbeck makes a descent on Kent, but fails. He goes to Ireland and thence to Scotland, where he is received. A statute is passed giving security to the subject who obeys the king on the throne for the time being. The Great Intercourse, a commercial treaty, is made with Philip, Duke of Burgundy, and provides that Warbeck shall not be received in Flanders. Warbeck advances with James, King of Scotland, into England, but returns, after ravaging the country. 1497. 1499. 1501. 1502. 1503. 1506. 1509. Cornish rebels, resisting the subsidy for the Scotch war, are defeated at Blackheath. Warbeck, coming from Ireland, lands in Cornwall, fails to revive the insurrection, and is captured. Warbeck, having escaped and been recaptured, is executed with the Earl of Warwick. Arthur, Prince of Wales, marries Katharine (a) of Aragon. The Princess Margaret marries James of Scotland. The Archduke Philip (a), wrecked in England, has to agree to HENRY VIII., 1509-1547 (38 YEARS) (c). 1510. 1511. 1512. 1513. 1514. 1515. 1516. 1517. 1519. 1520. 1521. 1522. Henry marries Katharine of Aragon. Empson and Dudley having been pronounced guilty of high treason, are executed. Henry joins the Holy League against France. A useless expedition is made to the south of France. Suffolk is executed after seven years' imprisonment. Aug. Henry goes over to the north-east of France, and the French are defeated at the battle of Spurs. Sept. Battle of Flodden Field. death of James IV. Defeat of the Scots and Peace is made with France and Scotland, and Mary, Henry's sister, marries Louis XII. (who dies three months later, and she afterwards marries Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk). Wolsey is created Cardinal, and becomes Lord Chancellor. Birth of the Princess Mary. Wolsey is made papal legate, with special licence from the Henry becomes a candidate for the empire. Henry goes to France and visits Francis on the Field of the Cloth of Gold, and on his way to England again meets Charles V. at Gravelines. Edward, third Duke of Buckingham, is charged with treason and executed. Henry receives from the Pope the title of Defender of the Faith for having written a work against Luther. Charles V. again comes to England, and Henry sends an army against France. 1523. 1525. 1527. 1528. 1529. 1530. 1531. 1532. 1533. 1534. The House of Commons (of which Sir T. More is Speaker) refuses to Henry's attempt to levy forced loans being resisted, is withdrawn. Henry having doubts about the legality of his marriage with the queen, submits the case to the Pope. A commission to Cardinals Wolsey and Campeggio to try the question of the king's marriage is granted by the Pope. Katharine appeals to the Pope, and the cause is finally avocated to Rome. Fall of Wolsey. Sir T. More becomes chancellor. Nov. 3. The Seven Years' Parliament, which carries out the Parliament reforms the spiritual courts, and strengthens the An Act for restraining all appeals to Rome is passed. Cranmer is consecrated Archbishop of Canterbury, and declares An Act forbidding the payment of annates to Rome is The clergy are forbidden to make laws binding on themselves in The succession to the throne is settled on the children of Anne April. For refusing to accept this Act, Sir T. More and Fisher, May. Execution of the Nun of Kent. An Act abolishing the authority of the Pope in England is passed. The Convocations of Canterbury and York declare that "the Bishop of Rome has no greater jurisdiction con |