1535.

1536.

1537.

1538.

1539.

1540.

1541. 1542.

1543.

1544.

ferred on him by God in the Kingdom of England than any other foreign bishop. HENRY TAKES THE TITLE OF "SUPREME HEAD OF THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND," by the Act of Supremacy.

Fisher and More are executed, practically for refusing to swear to the Acts of Succession (1534) and Supremacy.

Thomas Cromwell is appointed vicar-general.

Katharine of Aragon dies.

Benefit of clergy is now restricted by Act of Parliament, and henceforth in the matter of jurisdiction clergy and laymen are on an equality (a).

The union in matters of law, etc., between England and Wales is finally completed. [See Summary: Wales, p. 316.]

The smaller monasteries and nunneries are dissolved, and their
property transferred to the crown.

May 19. Anne Boleyn is executed on a charge of adultery.
May 20. Henry marries Jane Seymour.

An English translation of the Bible is set up in the churches.
An insurrection breaks out in Lincolnshire and in Yorkshire
(called in Yorkshire "The Pilgrimage of Grace").
The insurrections continue, and many executions follow. The
"Council of the North" is instituted to keep order.
Oct. 12. Edward, Prince of Wales, born. Oct. 24. The queen dies.
The Countess of Salisbury, mother of Cardinal Pole, is imprisoned.
The Marquis of Exeter (b) and others are executed for treason.
The king's proclamations are declared by Parliament to be as valid
as Acts of Parliament.

All monasteries are now dissolved and their property
granted to the king. (The Order of the Hospitallers is
dissolved, 1540.)

The Act of the Six Articles (c), with severe penalties for disobedience, is passed.

Jan. 6. Henry marries Anne of Cleves.

July 24. The king's marriage is abrogated by Parliament.

Fall and execution of Thomas Cromwell (July 28) by bill of attainder without being heard in his own defence.

July 28. Henry marries Katharine Howard.

The Countess of Salisbury (d) is executed.

The king takes the title of King instead of Lord of Ireland.
Katharine Howard is executed on a charge of immorality.
Panic and flight of the Scots at Solway Moss.

July. Henry marries his sixth and last wife, Katharine Parr.
A treaty for the marriage of Prince Edward and Mary, Queen of
Scots, is arranged with Scotland.

Invasion of Scotland under Lord Hertford (afterwards Somerset)
and Lord Lisle (afterwards Warwick and Northumber-
land).

Invasion of France by Henry in person. Capture of Boulogne.
An Act is passed releasing the king from his debts (also a similar
one in 1529).

1545.

1546.

1547.

A benevolence of not less than twenty pence in the pound on land and tenpence on goods is exacted.

The Duke of Norfolk and the Earl of Surrey, his son (a), are committed to the Tower for treason.

Surrey is executed. Jan. Henry dies.

1549.

1550.

1551.

1552.

1553.

EDWARD VI., 1547-1553 (6 YEARS).

Born 1537.

Hertford (now created Duke of Somerset) is made Protector.

An ecclesiastical visitation is directed, to order the use of English
in services and to pull down images. Bonner and Gardiner
protesting, are imprisoned.

The Protector invades Scotland to enforce the treaty of marriage
of 1543, and defeats the Scots at the battle of Pinkie.
The newly-made treasons of Henry VIII. and the Act (about pro-
clamations) of 1539 are repealed.

Severe Acts against vagrancy are passed in Parliament.
The "First Prayer-Book of Edward VI.” is approved, and
the "Act for Uniformity of Service" passed in Parlia-

ment.

Lord Seymour, brother of Somerset, is condemned for treason by attainder without being heard in his own defence, and beheaded. A rebellion in Norfolk, under Ket, and other places, against those, especially the newly-made nobles, who had enclosed common land is put down by Warwick.

A rebellion in Devon and Cornwall demanding the restoration of the old Liturgy is put down by Russell.

The French besiege Boulogne.

Somerset having lost credit during the rebellions, is forced to
submit to the Council and resign his Protectorship. John
Dudley (b), Earl of Warwick, gains the chief influence in the
Council.

The Council make peace with France and Scotland and restore
Boulogne.

Great distress is caused by wholesale depreciation of the coinage.
The Princess Mary is forbidden the use of the Mass.
Warwick now becomes Duke of Northumberland. Somer-
set is sent to the Tower, charged with high treason.
Somerset is executed.
Parliament enacts that no one shall be convicted of treason without
the evidence of two witnesses, who must both appear.

A second Act of Uniformity and second Prayer-Book are
issued.

The king (sixteen years old) falls ill. Northumberland persuades him to bestow by will the succession on Lady Jane Grey (c). July. Edward dies.